GELİR EŞİTSİZLİĞİNE İNSANİ GELİŞME ENDEKSİ YÖNÜYLE YENİ BİR BAKIŞ AÇISI

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 29, 214 - 242, 28.06.2024

Ramazan Kılıç , Emre Gökçeli

https://doi.org/10.36543/kauiibfd.2024.009

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, İnsani Gelişme Endeksi'nin gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki etkisinin farklı gelişmişlik seviyesindeki ülkeler için farklı olup olmadığını incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, gelişmekte olan ülke grubundan Brezilya ve gelişmiş ülke grubundan İrlanda için İnsani Gelişme Endeksi'nin gelir dağılımını temsil etmek amacıyla kullanılan Gini Endeksi üzerindeki etkisi, 1990-2020 yılları arasında ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) modeli kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, İnsani Gelişme Endeksi'nin kısa dönemde sadece Brezilya’daki gelir dağılımında adaleti arttırıcı etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Uzun dönemde ise, hem Brezilya'da hem de İrlanda'da gelir eşitsizliğini azalttığını göstermiştir. Ancak, İnsani Gelişme Endeksi'nin, Brezilya'daki gelir eşitsizliğini İrlanda'ya kıyasla yaklaşık iki kat daha fazla azalttığı görülmüştür. Çalışmanın bulguları ışığında politikacılara bazı öneriler sunulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnsani gelişme endeksi, gelir eşitsizliği, ARDL.

A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON INCOME INEQUALITY THROUGH THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX

Öz

This research seeks to explore whether the influence of the Human Development Index on income inequality differs among countries at various stages of development. To achieve this goal, the relationship between the Human Development Index and the Gini Index, a measure of income distribution, was analyzed for Brazil, representing a developing country, and Ireland, representing a developed country, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model spanning from 1990 to 2020. The results suggest that the Human Development Index has a positive impact on promoting fairness in income distribution in the short term, particularly in Brazil. Over the long term, it has been found to mitigate income inequality in both Brazil and Ireland. The Human Development Index seems to decrease income inequality in Brazil approximately twice as much as it does in Ireland when compared. The study provides recommendations to policymakers based on these findings.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Human development index, income inequality, ARDL

Kaynakça

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