Araştırma Makalesi
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РОЛЬ СТАМБУЛЬСКОЙ ОБИТЕЛИ ГРУЗИН В ГРУЗИНО-ЕВРОПЕЙСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЯХ

Yıl 2024, , 72 - 82, 10.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.1583691

Öz

Центры грузинской культуры за пределами Грузии сыграли важную роль в развитии грузинской культуры. Именно благодаря им Грузия получила еще больше возможностей следить за культурным развитием образованных стран того времени.
За рубежом было создано много грузинских культурных и образовательных центров, хотя большинство из них в настоящее время утеряны. Единственный очаг грузинской культуры в Стамбуле сохранился до наших дней – грузинская католическая церковь Непорочного Зачатия Пресвятой Богородицы в Стамбуле. В грузинском научном пространстве его называют Стамбульской обителью грузин - одним из
выдающихся религиозных и культурно-образовательных центров, картвелологическим очагом. Обитель ( «Саване»), который в определенный период был своего рода связующим мостом для грузино-европейских отношений.
Храм был построен в 1861 году отцом Петре Харисчирашвили в одном из красивейших районов Стамбула, в Ферикойи (деревне Ангелов).
За сто лет своего существования (1861-1961 гг.) обитель была как религиозным, также культурно-образовательным и научным центром, где проводился ряд национальных, образовательных и научных мероприятий. Создание богословской школы, грузино-французских школ, типографии,
Общества распространения грамотности среди османских грузин, библиотеки имени Акакия Церетели является доказательством культурной и образовательной деятельности монастыря.
Именно обитель стала в то время центром образования для грузинских католиков, что открыло путь грузинской молодежи к получению образования сначала в Стамбуле, а затем и в Европе.
Упомянутое сокровище грузинского культурного наследия дошло до нас благодаря службе отцов, работавших в Стамбульской обители грузин, и которое не утратило своего значения и продолжает свою просветительскую и научную деятельность усилиями семьи Зазадзе, проживающей в Стамбуле. Учёные, интересующиеся документами, хранящимися в монастырском архиве, имеют возможность провести интересные и важные исследования на основе уникальных материалов.
Цель статьи: представить роль Стамбульской обители грузин в контексте грузино-европейских отношений. Усилия руководителей обители по продвижению грузинской культуры и истории в разных странах Европы. Стамбульская обитель, как один из столпов и надежных убежищ грузинской эмиграции.
Методология исследования: исследование основано на методе исторического исследования: описание, сравнительно-исторический метод, эмпирический, причинно-исторический анализ с использованием эпистолярных и мемуарных материалов, хранящихся в архивном фонде грузинского католического монастыря в Стамбуле.

Etik Beyan

Статья подготовлена ​​в результате совместного исследования. Исследование проводилось в Стамбуле, в архиве Грузинского католического монастыря совместно с Натали Зазадзе.

Destekleyen Kurum

Грузинский католический фонд

Teşekkür

Спасибо FARIG (Друзья академических исследований в Грузии). Грант, полученный от научного Фонд FaRiG имел решающее значение для успешного проведения научных исследований за пределами Грузия, в Турецкой Республике, в городе Стамбул. ФаРиГ помогает молодым грузинским ученым работают в сфере гуманитарных наук, способствуя тем самым сохранению уникального наследия Грузии. культурного наследия и лучшее ознакомление международного научного сообщества с их деятельностью. Именно с помощью этого фонда был получен грант имени Симона Зазадзе. благодаря этому нам была предоставлена ​​возможность работать в библиотеке и архиве Грузинской католической церкви. Церковь в Стамбуле. Выражаю благодарность семье Зазадзе, спасибо господину. Павел Зазадзе, финансовая поддержка которого позволил мне получить научный грант имени Симона Зазадзе и заниматься исследовательской деятельностью. связанные с темой диссертации в библиотеке и архиве Грузинской католической церкви в Стамбуле. Особая благодарность госпоже. Натали Зазадзе с сыном Константином Калангосом и его женой Фотини Эммануэлиду за обеспечение комфортной деловой среды на неделю в библиотеке и архиве Грузинской Католической Церкви за гостеприимство. Миссис. Наталья лично помогла мне находить, сортировать документы на грузинском и иностранном языках в архивных материалах

Kaynakça

  • Chichinadze, 1895 - Chichinadze, Z. Abbot Petre Kharischirapashvili, Tbilisi, 1895.
  • Cuchuk E., Three generations of Zazadzes, Zh. "Firosman", No. 3(5), 2007.
  • Eugene Dallegio D’alessio, Georgians in Constantinople, From French by Shalva Vardidze, Istanbul, Printing of Catholic Georgian Monastery, 1921.
  • Grigalashvili S. Georgian monastery of Montabani, Catholic ministry in Georgia, Tbilisi, I, 2018,
  • Grigalashvili S., Center of Georgian culture in France in the second half of the 19th century, Tbilisi 2006.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Pavle Akobashvili's letter to Georgian immigrants, 3.02.1960.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Petre Tatalashvili's letter to Admiral Gaetano, 28.05.1925.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Petre Tatalashvili's letter to Admiral Vander, 18.05.1925.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Tatalashvili, letter to the colonel of the 660th French infantry regiment, 22.05.1922.
  • Kruashvili Nato, the Leaders of Istanbul Georgian Monks’ Monastery from Khizabavra, Akhaltsikhe, 2012.
  • Kutateladze M., Catholicism in Georgia. Latin Rule, Tbilisi, 2019.
  • Leroy, P. Ommunaute des Peres Georgiens Catholiques a Montauban de 1872 a 1905, The kartvelologist Journal of Georgian Studies, 24, Tbilisi, 2015. https://tinyurl.com/36czeyad
  • Lomsadze Shota, From Late Medieval Georgian History, Akhaltsikhian Chronicles, Science, 1979.
  • Lomsadze, 1984 - Lomsadze, Sh. Mikheil Tamarashvili and Georgian Catholics, Tbilisi, 1984. 15.
  • Natsvlishvili, 2019 – Natsvlishvili, N. Catholic Churches in Georgia: History and Architecture, Tbilisi, 2019.
  • Nikoleishvili, A. Center of Georgian culture and education in Montauban, The kartvelologist
  • Journal of Georgian Studies, 24, Tbilisi, 2012, http://kartvelologi.tsu.ge/public/ge/arqive/14/2
  • Papashvili Murman, Relationship of Georgia and Rome, Tbilisi, 1995.
  • Putkaradze, Sh. The Georgian Savane of Istanbul - a symbol of the friends of the Turkish and Georgian people, Georgian heritage, 2007. Saba: The Monthly Tribute of Catholics of Georgia, Tbilisi, 2011. March, N 3(183).
  • Putkaradze, T. For the role of Pavle, Simon and Paul (Pavle) Zazadze in the protection and preservation of the Georgian Monastery of Istanbul, Kartvelian Heritage XI, 2007.
  • Surguladze Kakhaber, Baramidze Irakli, Diasamidze Khatuna, Kopaleishvili Tatyana, Catholics and Catholicism in Georgia, XIX-XX cc (history, culture, modernism), Tbilisi, 2022
  • The Letters from Istanbul Georgian Monastry, Book I, Batumi, 2017.
  • The Letters from Istanbul Georgian Monastry, Book II, Batumi, 2020.

THE ROLE OF GEORGIAN MONASTERY OF ISTANBUL IN GEORGIAN-EUROPEAN RELATIONSHIP

Yıl 2024, , 72 - 82, 10.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.1583691

Öz

The centers of Georgian culture outside of Georgia played an important role in development of Georgian culture. It was through them that Georgia was introduced to the cultural development of the educated countries of that time.
Many cultural and educational centers of Georgia were established abroad, though majority of them has been already disappeared. The only preserved Georgian cultural center is the Georgian Catholic Church of the Immaculate Conception of our Lady of Istanbul. Georgian scientific community refers it as Istanbul Georgian Monastery being one of the most distinguished religious, cultural and education centers, the center of Kartvelology. Monastery acted as a bridge for Georgian and European relationship during certain period.
The monastery was built in 1861 by Father Petre Kharischirashvili, in Ferikoy (the Village of Angels), in one of the most beautiful districts of Istanbul.
During the hundred years (1861-1961) of its existence, Georgian Catholic Monastery of Istanbul acted as a spiritual, cultural, educational and scientific center where many national, educational or scientific activities were performed. Establishment of religious educational institution, Georgian-French schools, printing-houses, the literacy dissemination society among Georgians living in Turkey, library called after Akaki Tsereteli are good examples of cultural and educational activities of the Monastery. The Monastery was the educational center which provided Georgian young people an opportunity to get education first in Istanbul and then to Europe. In the schools, students had the opportunity to study literature, history, religion, theology and philosophy. Most of the fathers of the monasterywere polyglots, fluent in French, Italian, German and Latin, so they helped students to learn languages. It supported many Georgian scientists and public figures, like Ivane Gvaramadze, Mikheil Tamarashvili, Shalva Vardidze, Michael Tarkhnishvili etc.
The mentioned treasure of Georgian cultural heritage has survived with support of the fathers serving in the Georgian Monastery of Istanbul, which has not lost its importance and continues its educational and scientific activities with the efforts of the Zazadze family living in Istanbul. The scientists interested in the documents preserved in the Monastery archive have the opportunity to conduct interesting and important research based on the unique material.
Goal of the Article: This article aims to highlight the role of the Georgian Monastery in Istanbul in fostering Georgian-European relations, based on documents from the monastery’s archives that have rarely been explored in academic research. While the historical significance of the monastery has been the subject of many studies, this research specifically examines the activities of the Georgian Monastery in Istanbul during the 1930s and 1940s. During this period, the so-called "Iron Curtain" severely restricted the monastery’s connections with Georgia, which eventually ceased altogether. Tragically, most of the monastery’s priests passed away, and by the early 1960s, only the leader Petre Tatalashvili and church servant Pavle Akobashvili remained alive in monastery.
This study is intended for readers interested in the history of the Georgian Monastery in Istanbul and in the efforts of its abbots to promote Georgian culture and history across Europe. The monastery inIstanbul served as both a pillar and a sanctuary for Georgian émigrés during thisturbulent period.
Research methodology: The research is mainly based on the historical research method: description, comparative-historical method, empirical, causal-historical analysis using the epistolary and memoir materials preserved in the archive fund of the Georgian Catholic Monastery in Istanbul.

Etik Beyan

The article was prepared as a result of joint research. The research was carried out in Istanbul, in the foundation of the Georgian Catholic monastery with Nathalie Zazadze, Georgian Catholic foundation, Board member.

Destekleyen Kurum

Georgian Catholic foundation

Teşekkür

Thanks to FARIG (Friends of Academic Research in Georgia). The grant received from the scientific foundation FaRiG was of crucial importance for the successful conduct of scientific research outside of Georgia, in the Republic of Turkey, in the city of Istanbul. FaRiG helps young Georgian scientists to work in the field of humanitarian sciences, thereby contributing to the preservation of Georgia's unique cultural heritage and better familiarization of their activities to the international scientific community. It was with the help of this foundation that a grant named after Simon Zazadze was obtained and through it we were given the opportunity to work in the library and archive of the Georgian Catholic Church in Istanbul. I express my gratitude to the Zazadze family, thanks to Mr. Paul Zazadze, whose financial support enabled me to obtain a scientific grant named after Simon Zazadze and to carry out research activities related to the dissertation topic in the library and archive of the Georgian Catholic Church in Istanbul. Special thanks to Mrs. Nathalie Zazadze and her son Konstantin Kalangos and his wife Fotini Emmanuelidou for providing a comfortable business environment for a week in the library and archive of the Georgian Catholic Church, for their hospitality. Mrs. Natalie personally helped me to find, sort Georgian, and foreign language documents in archive materials

Kaynakça

  • Chichinadze, 1895 - Chichinadze, Z. Abbot Petre Kharischirapashvili, Tbilisi, 1895.
  • Cuchuk E., Three generations of Zazadzes, Zh. "Firosman", No. 3(5), 2007.
  • Eugene Dallegio D’alessio, Georgians in Constantinople, From French by Shalva Vardidze, Istanbul, Printing of Catholic Georgian Monastery, 1921.
  • Grigalashvili S. Georgian monastery of Montabani, Catholic ministry in Georgia, Tbilisi, I, 2018,
  • Grigalashvili S., Center of Georgian culture in France in the second half of the 19th century, Tbilisi 2006.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Pavle Akobashvili's letter to Georgian immigrants, 3.02.1960.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Petre Tatalashvili's letter to Admiral Gaetano, 28.05.1925.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Petre Tatalashvili's letter to Admiral Vander, 18.05.1925.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Tatalashvili, letter to the colonel of the 660th French infantry regiment, 22.05.1922.
  • Kruashvili Nato, the Leaders of Istanbul Georgian Monks’ Monastery from Khizabavra, Akhaltsikhe, 2012.
  • Kutateladze M., Catholicism in Georgia. Latin Rule, Tbilisi, 2019.
  • Leroy, P. Ommunaute des Peres Georgiens Catholiques a Montauban de 1872 a 1905, The kartvelologist Journal of Georgian Studies, 24, Tbilisi, 2015. https://tinyurl.com/36czeyad
  • Lomsadze Shota, From Late Medieval Georgian History, Akhaltsikhian Chronicles, Science, 1979.
  • Lomsadze, 1984 - Lomsadze, Sh. Mikheil Tamarashvili and Georgian Catholics, Tbilisi, 1984. 15.
  • Natsvlishvili, 2019 – Natsvlishvili, N. Catholic Churches in Georgia: History and Architecture, Tbilisi, 2019.
  • Nikoleishvili, A. Center of Georgian culture and education in Montauban, The kartvelologist
  • Journal of Georgian Studies, 24, Tbilisi, 2012, http://kartvelologi.tsu.ge/public/ge/arqive/14/2
  • Papashvili Murman, Relationship of Georgia and Rome, Tbilisi, 1995.
  • Putkaradze, Sh. The Georgian Savane of Istanbul - a symbol of the friends of the Turkish and Georgian people, Georgian heritage, 2007. Saba: The Monthly Tribute of Catholics of Georgia, Tbilisi, 2011. March, N 3(183).
  • Putkaradze, T. For the role of Pavle, Simon and Paul (Pavle) Zazadze in the protection and preservation of the Georgian Monastery of Istanbul, Kartvelian Heritage XI, 2007.
  • Surguladze Kakhaber, Baramidze Irakli, Diasamidze Khatuna, Kopaleishvili Tatyana, Catholics and Catholicism in Georgia, XIX-XX cc (history, culture, modernism), Tbilisi, 2022
  • The Letters from Istanbul Georgian Monastry, Book I, Batumi, 2017.
  • The Letters from Istanbul Georgian Monastry, Book II, Batumi, 2020.

İSTANBUL GÜRCÜ MANASTIRI’NIN GÜRCİSTAN VE AVRUPA İLİŞKİLERİNDEKİ ROLÜ

Yıl 2024, , 72 - 82, 10.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.1583691

Öz

Gürcü kültürünün Gürcistan dışındaki merkezleri Gürcü kültürünün gelişmesinde önemli rol oynamış veonlar sayesinde Gürcistano zamanın eğitim açısından gelişmiş ülkelerin kültürel gelişimini takip etmek için daha fazla fırsat elde etmiştir.
Çoğu kaybolmuş olsa da Gürcistan dışında birçok Gürcü kültür ve eğitim merkezi kurulmuştur. İstanbul'daki Gürcü kültürünün bugüne kadar ayakta kalan tek merkezi -İstanbul'daki Lekesiz Meryem Ana'ya adanan Gürcü Katolik Kilisesidir. Gürcü bilim camiası tarafından burası seçkin, dini, kültürel ve eğitim merkezlerinden biri olarak Gürcülerin İstanbul Evi ve Kartvelolojik Merkezi olarak adlandırılmıştır. Bu manastır belli bir dönem Gürcistan ve Avrupa ilişkilerinde bir nevi bağlantı köprüsü olarak görev yapmıştır.
Kilise 1861 yılında Peder Petre Kharischirashvili tarafından İstanbul'un en güzel semtlerinden biri olan Feriköy'de (Melekler Köyü) inşa ettirilmiştir. Manastır, varlığının yüz yılı boyunca (1861-1961), bir dizi ulusal, eğitim ve bilimsel etkinliğin düzenlendiği bir merkez olarak hizmet vermiştir.Bir ilahiyat okulu, Gürcü-Fransız okulları, matbaa, Osmanlı Gürcüleri arasında Okuma-Yazma Teşviki Derneğive Akaki Tsereteli'nin adını taşıyan bir kütüphanenin oluşturulması, manastırın kültürel ve eğitimsel faaliyetlerinin bazıları olarak dikkatleri çeker. O zamanlar Gürcü Katoliklerinin eğitim merkezi haline gelen manastır Gürcü gençlerinin önce İstanbul'da, sonra da Avrupa'da eğitim almalarının önünü açmıştır.
Bahsi geçen Gürcü kültür mirası, İstanbul manastırında görev yapan din adamlarının hizmetleri sayesinde bizlere kadar ulaşmış ve İstanbul'da yaşayan Zazadze ailesinin sayesinde önemini kaybetmemiş ve günümüzde eğitim ve bilim faaliyetlerine devam etmektedir.
Çalışmamızdaki amaç İstanbul Gürcü Manastırı'nın Gürcü-Avrupa ilişkileri bağlamındaki rolünü ortaya koymak, Manastır liderlerinin farklı Avrupa ülkelerinde Gürcü kültürünü ve tarihini tanıtma çabalarını göstermek, Gürcü göçünün temel nedenlerinden ve güvenilir sığınaklarından biri olan İstanbul manastırının rolünü ortaya koymaktır.
Çalışmada İstanbul'daki Gürcü Katolik manastırının arşivlerinde muhafaza edilen mektup ve anılar incelemiş, karşılaştırmalı tarihsel yöntem, ampirik, neden/niçin/nasıl gibi tarihsel analiz yöntemler kullanılmıştır.

Etik Beyan

Makale ortak araştırma sonucunda hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma, Natalie Zazadze ile birlikte İstanbul'daki Gürcü Katolik manastırının arşivinde gerçekleştirildi.

Destekleyen Kurum

Gürcü Katolik Kilisesi Vakfi, Kütüphane ve Arşivi

Teşekkür

FARIG'e (Gürcistan'daki Akademik Araştırma Dostları) teşekkürler. Bilimden alınan hibe FaRiG vakfı, bilimsel araştırmaların yurtdışında başarılı bir şekilde yürütülmesi için hayati önem taşıyordu. Gürcistan, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin İstanbul şehrinde. FaRiG genç Gürcü bilim adamlarına yardımcı oluyor insani bilimler alanında çalışarak Gürcistan'ın eşsiz doğasının korunmasına katkıda bulunmak kültürel miras ve faaliyetlerinin uluslararası bilim camiasına daha iyi tanıtılması. Bu vakfın yardımıyla Simon Zazadze'nin adını taşıyan bir bağış elde edildi. bu sayede Gürcü Katolik Kilisesi'nin kütüphane ve arşivinde çalışma fırsatı bulduk. İstanbul'daki kilise. Sayın Zazadze ailesine şükranlarımı sunuyorum. Mali desteği olan Paul Zazadze Simon Zazadze'nin adını taşıyan bilimsel bir burs almamı ve araştırma faaliyetleri yürütmemi sağladı İstanbul'daki Gürcü Katolik Kilisesi'nin kütüphane ve arşivinde bulunan tez konusu ile ilgili. Hanım'a özellikle teşekkür ederiz. Nathalie Zazadze ve oğlu Konstantin Kalangos ve eşi Fotini Emmanuelidou'ya kütüphane ve arşivde bir hafta boyunca rahat bir iş ortamı sağladığı için Misafirperverliklerinden dolayı Gürcü Katolik Kilisesi'ne teşekkür ederiz. Bayan. Natalie kişisel olarak yardım etti Arşiv materyallerinde Gürcüce ve yabancı dildeki belgeleri bulmam, sıralamam

Kaynakça

  • Chichinadze, 1895 - Chichinadze, Z. Abbot Petre Kharischirapashvili, Tbilisi, 1895.
  • Cuchuk E., Three generations of Zazadzes, Zh. "Firosman", No. 3(5), 2007.
  • Eugene Dallegio D’alessio, Georgians in Constantinople, From French by Shalva Vardidze, Istanbul, Printing of Catholic Georgian Monastery, 1921.
  • Grigalashvili S. Georgian monastery of Montabani, Catholic ministry in Georgia, Tbilisi, I, 2018,
  • Grigalashvili S., Center of Georgian culture in France in the second half of the 19th century, Tbilisi 2006.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Pavle Akobashvili's letter to Georgian immigrants, 3.02.1960.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Petre Tatalashvili's letter to Admiral Gaetano, 28.05.1925.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Petre Tatalashvili's letter to Admiral Vander, 18.05.1925.
  • Gürcü Katolik Arşivi, Tatalashvili, letter to the colonel of the 660th French infantry regiment, 22.05.1922.
  • Kruashvili Nato, the Leaders of Istanbul Georgian Monks’ Monastery from Khizabavra, Akhaltsikhe, 2012.
  • Kutateladze M., Catholicism in Georgia. Latin Rule, Tbilisi, 2019.
  • Leroy, P. Ommunaute des Peres Georgiens Catholiques a Montauban de 1872 a 1905, The kartvelologist Journal of Georgian Studies, 24, Tbilisi, 2015. https://tinyurl.com/36czeyad
  • Lomsadze Shota, From Late Medieval Georgian History, Akhaltsikhian Chronicles, Science, 1979.
  • Lomsadze, 1984 - Lomsadze, Sh. Mikheil Tamarashvili and Georgian Catholics, Tbilisi, 1984. 15.
  • Natsvlishvili, 2019 – Natsvlishvili, N. Catholic Churches in Georgia: History and Architecture, Tbilisi, 2019.
  • Nikoleishvili, A. Center of Georgian culture and education in Montauban, The kartvelologist
  • Journal of Georgian Studies, 24, Tbilisi, 2012, http://kartvelologi.tsu.ge/public/ge/arqive/14/2
  • Papashvili Murman, Relationship of Georgia and Rome, Tbilisi, 1995.
  • Putkaradze, Sh. The Georgian Savane of Istanbul - a symbol of the friends of the Turkish and Georgian people, Georgian heritage, 2007. Saba: The Monthly Tribute of Catholics of Georgia, Tbilisi, 2011. March, N 3(183).
  • Putkaradze, T. For the role of Pavle, Simon and Paul (Pavle) Zazadze in the protection and preservation of the Georgian Monastery of Istanbul, Kartvelian Heritage XI, 2007.
  • Surguladze Kakhaber, Baramidze Irakli, Diasamidze Khatuna, Kopaleishvili Tatyana, Catholics and Catholicism in Georgia, XIX-XX cc (history, culture, modernism), Tbilisi, 2022
  • The Letters from Istanbul Georgian Monastry, Book I, Batumi, 2017.
  • The Letters from Istanbul Georgian Monastry, Book II, Batumi, 2020.
Toplam 23 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Siyasi Tarih (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Tea Tatenashvili 0000-0002-0165-7325

Nathalie Zazadze Bu kişi benim 0009-0002-3786-7284

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 19 Kasım 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

APA Tatenashvili, T., & Zazadze, N. (2024). THE ROLE OF GEORGIAN MONASTERY OF ISTANBUL IN GEORGIAN-EUROPEAN RELATIONSHIP. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi(64), 72-82. https://doi.org/10.17498/kdeniz.1583691