THE NAME OF ‘KARA DENİZ’: A VIEW FROM THE SIDE OF CASPIA AND BULGARIA TITLE IN ENGLISH

Yıl 2009, Sayı: 2, - , 01.06.2009

Osman KARATAY

Öz

In searching for roots of the denomination ‘Black Sea’, which today has a universal popularity, researchers immediately refer to the Anatolian Turks as the main and easiest source, and explain this thalassonym on the fiction that the Turks call the North as ‘balck’ and the South as ‘white (cf. Akdeniz ‘The Mediterranean Sea’). However, elaboration of first hand sources does not permit such a thesis. The Anatolian Turks were not first to use the ‘black’ form, and could not be source for other nations for chronological and historical reasons. Source of this name, which was spread as far as Iceland at the very beginning of its occurence in sources,is again Turks, but we need to have a glance at Bulgar and Khazar worlds. This essay claims that the ‘black’ in the Black Sea is likely included in the Bulgar legacy of the region.

Anahtar Kelimeler

The Black Sea, halassonymi, Khazars, Bulgars, Magyars, Rus’, Slavs, Norsemen

ТЕРМИН «КАРАДЕНИЗ»: ХАЗАРСКИЕ ИЛИ БУЛГАРСКИЕ КОРНИ?

Öz

Сегодня возрос интерес к этимологии слова "Карадениз", получившему всемирное признание. Происхождение данного слова связывают прежде всего с тюрками, населявшими территорию Анатолии, которые отмечали север термином «кара», а юг - термином «ак» (например, сравните Карадениз (Черное море, находящееся на севере Анатолии) и Акдениз (Средиземное море, находящееся на юге Анатолии). Однако исследование источников показывает несостоятельность данного толкования термина «Карадениз». Анатолийские тюрки были далеко не первыми, кто использовал слово «кара», поэтому их язык нельзя рассматривать как первоисточник. Но тем не менее в древней истории данный термин употреблялся тюрками. И все же при изучении данного вопроса нельзя не обратиться к хазарам и булгарам. В данной статье выявляется большая вероятность принадлежности компонента «кара» в термине «Карадениз» Булгарским тюркам.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Карадениз, названия морей, хазары, булгары, маджары (венгры), русские, славяне, скандинавские народы

KARA DENİZ İSMİ: HAZAR VE BULGAR BOYUTUNDAN BİR BAKIŞ

Öz

Bugün evrensel bir nitelik kazanan Karadeniz isimlendirmesinin kaynağı aranırken, en başta ve kolay yol olarak Anadolu Türklerine başvurulmakta, Türklerin kuzeye ‘kara’, güneye ‘ak’ (krş. Akdeniz) dedikleri kurgusundan hareketle bu isim açıklanmaktadır. Ancak kaynakların tetkiki bunun mümkün olmadığım göstermektedir. Anadolu Türkleri ‘kara’ ismini ilk kullananlar olmadığı gibi, zaman bakımından diğer kullanıcılar için kaynaklık edecek durumda da değildirler. Erken dönemde İskandinavya’ya kadar yayılan kullanımın kaynağı yine Türkler gözükmekte, ancak Hazar ve Bulgar dünyalarına başvurmak gerekmektedir. İşbu makalede, Karadeniz’de bulunan ‘kara’ sıfatının büyük ihtimalle Bulgar mirasına dâhil olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar kelimeler:

Karadeniz, deniz isimleri, Hazarlar, Bulgarlar, Macarlar, Ruslar, Slavlar, İskandinav halkları.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karadeniz, deniz isimleri, Hazarlar, Bulgarlar, Macarlar, Ruslar, Slavlar, İskandinav halkları

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