DROSOPHİLA MELANOGASTER’İN SOMATİK MUTASYON VE REKOMBİNASYON TESTİ İLE DELTAMETRİN VE PERMETRİNİN GENOTOKSİK AKTİVİTESİNİN BULUNMASI

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 87 - 93, 01.01.2005

Azize Budak

Öz

Bu çalışmada pretiroid insektisitlerden deltametrin ve organofosfatlardan permetrinin Drosophila melanogaster’de genotoksik etkileri Somatik Mutasyon ve Rekombinasyon testi ile analiz edildi. Kullanılan kimyasalların letal dozları belirlendi. İşaret genleri taşıyan mwh ve flr3 transheterozigot larvaları insektisitlerin 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 75 ppm konsantrasyonları için değerlendirildi. Toplam mutasyon, mutasyon gözlenen kanat sayısı ve yaşama yüzdesi arasında pozitif korelasyon gözlendi. Gözlenen mutasyonlar kanat başına mutasyon oluşturan hücre sayısına ve tipine göre sınıflandırıldı ve veriler istatistiksel analiz ile değerlendirildi. İki pestisit arasından deltametrinin permetrinden daha toksik ve mutajenik olduğu gözlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Drosophila melanogaster, somatik mutasyon ve rekombinasyon test, insektisit, genotoksik etki

THE DETECTION OF GENOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF THE DELTAMETHRIN AND PERMETHRIN BY SOMATIC MUTATION AND RECOMBINATION TEST WITH DROSOPHILA

Öz

In this study, different doses of deltamethrin from pyretyroide insecticides and permethrine from organophosphate insecticides have been analysied for their genotoxic effects by somatic mutation and recombination test SMART in Drosophila melanogaster. Lethal doses of chemicals used were determined. Trans-heterozygous larvae for two genetic markers mwh and flr3 were evaluated for 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 75 ppm concentrations of the insecticides. A possitive correlation was observed among total mutations, the number of wings having mutations and percentage survival. Mutations observed were classified according to their size and type per wing and the data evaluated by statistical analysis. Deltamethrin was found more toxic and mutagenic than permethrine

Anahtar Kelimeler

Drosophila melanogaster, somatic mutation and recombination test, insecticides, genotoxic effect

Kaynakça

• Auletta, A. E., Dearfield K. L. and Cimino M. C., 1993, Mutagenicity test schemes and Guidelens: U. S. EPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics and Office of Pesticide Programs, Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 21: 38-45.
• Carere, A., and Benigni R., 1990, Strategies and governmental regulations, Tetrogen. Carsinogen. Mutagen. 10: 199-208.
• Frei, H., Clements J., Howe D. and Würgler, F. E., 1992, The genotoxicity of the anti-cancer drug mitoxantrone in somatic and germ cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Mutation Research. 279: 21-33.
• Frei, H. and Würgler, F. E., 1988, Statistical methods to decide whether mutagenicity test data from Drosophila assays indicate a positive, negative or inconclusive result. Mutation Research. 203: 297-308.
• Frölich, A. and Würgler F. E., 1989, Drosophila wing-spot test: improved detectability of genotoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Mutation Research. 234: 71-80.
• Graf, U., Frei, H., Kägi, A., Katz, A. J. and Würgler F. E., 1989, Thirty compounds tested in the Drosophila wing spot test. Mutation Research. 222: 359-373.
• Graf, U., Würgler F. E., Katz, A.J., Frei, H., Juon H., Hall C. B., and Kale, P. G., 1984, Somatic Mutation and recombination test in Drosophila melanogaster. Environ. Mutagen. 6: 153-188.
• http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk
• Hrelia, P., Vigagni F., Maffei F., Morotti M., Colacci A., Perocco P., Grili S and Cantelli-Forti G., 1993, Genetic safety evaluation of pesticides in different short-term tests, Mutation Research. 321: 219-228.
• Kastenbaum, M. A. and Bowman, K. O., 1970, Tables for determining the statistical significance of mutation frequencies. Mutation Research. 9: 527-549.
• Lindsley, D. L. and Zimm G. G., 1992, The genome of Drosophila melanogaster. San Diego: Academic Pres. pp. 1133. Murphy, S. D., 1986, Toxic effects of pesticides, in: Klassen C. D., Amdur M. O. and Doull J. (Eds.), Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology, The Basic Science of Poisons, MacMillan, New York, pp. 519-581.
• Hrelia P., Vigagni F., Maffei F., Morotti M., Colacci A., Perocco P., Grili S and Cantelli-Forti G. (1993). Genetic safety evaluation of pesticides in different short-term tests, Mutation Research. 321: 219- 228.
• Osaba, L., Rey, M. J., Aquirre, A., Alonso, A. and Graf, U., 2002, Evaluation of genotoxicity of captan, maneb and zineb in the wing spot test of Drosophila melanogaster : role of nitrosation. Mutation Research. 518: 95-106.
• Osaba, L., Aquirre, A., Alonso, A. and Graf, U., 1999, Genotoxicity testing of six insecticides in two crosses of the Drosophila wing spot test. Mutation Research. 439: 49-61.
• Watabane, T., Kasai, T., Arima, M., Okumura, K., Kawabe, N. and Hiroyama, T., 1996, Genotoxicity in vivo of phenazine and aminophenazines assayed in the wing spot test and DNA repair test with Drosophila melanogaster. Mutation Research. 369: 70-80.