Paper Prototype Usability of Electronic Performance Support System Designed For Children With Special Needs

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 1105 - 1123, 20.05.2020

Tayfun Akın Yasemin Koçak Usluel

https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.3199

Öz

There are many critical periods related to development in the early childhood stage. Accordingly, it is also known that various methods are being sought out in order to support the development of children that need special education. So, the need for an Electronic Performance Support System (EPSS) that will report and monitor the development of children aged between 0-6 and to support the performance of the teachers or the implementers with the aim of supporting early intervention in early childhood special education was detected. The paper prototype usability study which is the first usability study for the EPDS that is being planned to be developed is shared with the process and the results. As it is known, at the beginning of the design process, the rapid production of paper prototypes contributes to the quick and cheap learning of the places that need to be changed in a system considering the user experiences. Initially, a need analysis study was carried out with eight people in order to design the EPSS. Six people worked on the usability of the EPSS design on paper, five of the people were special education institution employees and the other was an expert designer. The data was collected with a semistructured interview form, as well as video and audio recordings. The collected data were analyzed based on the status of task completion. As a result of the analysis, the necessary changes for the implementation and completion of the tasks were determined and suggestions were put forward. As indicated in the relevant literature, the adviser/expert system, instructional system and personalized tools emerged as significant components for the main system. In conclusion, this study forms the basis for the designing stage for the development of a system that will satisfy user needs with regards to early intervention for early childhood education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

early childhood special education, paper prototype, usability, electronic performance support system

Özel Gereksinimli Çocuklar İçin Tasarlanan Elektronik Performans Destek Sisteminin Kâğıt Prototip Kullanılabilirliği

Öz

Makalenin Erken çocukluk aşamasında gelişim ile ilgili kritik dönemler fazladır. Bu nedenle özel eğitime ihtiyaç duyan çocukların gelişimlerini desteklemek için çeşitli yollar arandığı bilinmektedir. Buradan hareketle erken çocukluk özel eğitiminde erken müdahaleyi desteklemek amacıyla 0-6 yaş arası çocukların gelişimlerini izleyip raporlamaya ve öğretmenlerin veya uygulayıcıların performanslarını desteklemeye yönelik bir Elektronik Performans Destek Sistemine (EPDS) gereksinim olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, geliştirilmesi planlanan EPDS’nin kullanılabilirlik çalışmalarından ilki olan kâğıt prototip kullanılabilirlik çalışması, süreç ve sonuçlarıyla paylaşılmıştır. Bilindiği gibi tasarım sürecinin başında, kâğıt prototiplerin hızlıca üretilmesi, kullanıcı deneyimlerinin göz önünde bulundurularak bir sistemde değiştirilmesi gereken yerlerin hızlı ve ucuz bir şekilde öğrenilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Öncelikle, EPDS’nin tasarlanabilmesi için sekiz kişi ile ihtiyaç analizi çalışması yapılmıştır. Kâğıt üzerinde tasarlanan EPDS’nin kullanılabilirlik çalışması için beşi özel eğitim kurumu çalışanı bir tanesi de uzman tasarımcıdan oluşan altı kişi ile çalışılmıştır. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu, video ve ses kayıtları ile toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler, görev tamamlama durumu temel alınarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda görevlerin uygulanması ve tamamlanması için yapılması gereken değişiklikler belirlenerek, öneriler ortaya konulmuştur. Alanyazında da belirtildiği gibi, sistemde, danışman/uzman sistem, öğretimsel sistem ve kişiselleştirilmiş araçlar önemli bileşenler olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma ile gerçek kullanıcıların gereksinimleri doğrultusunda, erken çocukluk özel eğitimine yönelik erken müdahale konusunda geliştirilmesi düşünülen sistemin tasarım aşamasının temeli oluşturulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

erken çocukluk özel eğitimi, kâğıt prototip, kullanılabilirlik, elektronik performans destek sistemi

Kaynakça

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