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When Metacognition Works—And When It Doesn’t: Investigating the CRIME Technique in Middle School Mathematics

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4, 803 - 815, 11.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.1795820

Öz

Purpose: This research aimed to examine the effect of teaching ratio-proportion and percentages on subjects of 7th-grade students using the CRIME technique, one of the metacognitive teaching methods.
Methodology: The case study model, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. Qualitative studies examining the learning process was determined, and the researcher prepared five semi-structured interview items for the interview form. The study group consisted of six students studying in the 7th grade at a public school in a province in the northeast of Turkey. Purposeful sampling method was used to determine the participants of the study. For this purpose, participants were determined from the 24-person student group to which the application was made using the maximum diversity sampling method. The selected students were identified by asking the questions in the interview form.
Findings: The result of the study show that the metacognitive CRIME technique increased motivation, problem-solving, course success, and metacognitive skills. The study determined that the metacognitive CRIME technique improved metacognitive monitoring and evaluation skills in high-achieving students.
Highlights: At the same time, it did not show any change in the metacognitive skills of students with medium and low levels of success, which is an original result. Unique result of the study is that the metacognitive CRIME technique was effective in the problem-solving skills of medium-achieving students. At the same time, there was no change in the problem-solving skills of low-achieving students.

Kaynakça

  • Ares Ferreirós, M., Alfonso Gil, S., Rodríguez Enríquez, M., Conde Rodríguez, Á., & Deaño Deaño, M. (2024). Improvement in simultaneous processing through metacognitive instruction. Frontiers in Education, 9, (p. 1346739).
  • Aydın, Ü., & Öztürk, M. (2024). Üstbilişe dayalı öğretimin matematik başarısı ve problem çözmeye etkisi: Bir meta-analiz araştırması. Manisa Celal Bayar University Journal of The Faculty of Education, 12(2), 286–304. https://doi.org/10.52826/mcbuefd.1450124
  • Baumanns, L., & Rott, B. (2022). The process of problem posing: Development of a descriptive phase model of problem posing. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 110(2), 251-269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-021-10091-0
  • Baten, E., Praet, M., & Desoete, A. (2017). The relevance and efficacy of metacognition for instructional design in the domain of mathematics. ZDM Mathematics Education, 49, 613–623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-017-0851-y
  • Chen, S., & McDunn, B. A. (2022). Metacognition: History, measurements, and the role in early childhood development and education. Learning and Motivation, 78, 101786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2022.101786
  • Eberhart, J., Ingendahl, F., & Bryce, D. (2025). Are metacognition interventions in young children effective? Evidence from a series of meta-analyses. Metacognition and Learning, 20(7), 1-45.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-024-09405-x
  • Erdem, A., & Öztürk, M. (2023). Manipülatif destekli üstbilişsel planlamaya dayalı öğrenme ortamı tasarımı: Çarpanlar ve katları konusu örneği. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(2), 559-584. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2023.-1099309
  • Flavell, J. H. (1979). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34(10), 906-911. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.34.10.906
  • Hythecker, V. I., Dansereau, D. F., & Rocklin, T. R. (1988). An analysis of the processes influencing the structured dyadic learning environment. Educational Psychologist, 23(1), 23-37.
  • Jeong, J., & Kim, S. (2025). Young children’s metacognition in problem-solving through question-asking. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 254, 106207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2025.106207
  • Gandolfi, E., Limata, T., Favatà, R., & Ianì, F. (2024). Does peer tutoring have negative effects? An investigation and intervention on tutors’ implicit theories and beliefs of intelligence. Educational Psychology, 44(5), 632-648.
  • Kramer, A. W., Huizenga, H. M., Van Duijvenvoorde, A. C., & Krabbendam, L. (2024). Do I want to learn today? Day-to-day variations in adolescents’ academic motivation and effort. Learning and Motivation, 85, 101957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2023.101957
  • Kwang, T. S. (2000). The effect of metacognitive training on the mathematical word problem solving of Singapore 11–12 year olds in a computer environment (Doctoral dissertation). University of Leeds.
  • McCormick, S., & Cooper, J. O. (1991). Can SQ3R facilitate secondary learning disabled students’ literal comprehension of expository tests? Three experiments. Reading Psychology, 12, 239–271.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (3. baskıdan çeviri). (Çeviri Editörü: S. Turan). Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Mert, M., & Baş, F. (2019). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin matematiğe yönelik kaygı, üstbilişsel farkındalık düzeyleri ve ilgili değişkenlerin matematik başarılarındaki etkisi. Türk Bilgisayar ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi, 10(3), 732-756. https://dx.doi.org/10.16949/turkbilmat.508347
  • Mevarech, Z. R., & Kramarski, B. (1997). IMPROVE: A multidimensional method for teaching mathematics in heterogeneous classrooms. American Educational Research Journal, 34(2), 365-395. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312034002365
  • Okumuş, Ö., & Öztürk, M. (2024). Metacognitive training for algebra teaching to high school students: An action research study. Learning and Motivation, 88, 102064.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2024.102064
  • Özdoğan, E. G. (2024). Metacognitive planning skills of good and poor problem solvers towards understanding the problem. (Publication No. 928139) [Master Thesis, Bayburt University-Bayburt]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
  • Özçakır Sümen, Ö. (2021). The mediating role of metacognitive self-regulation skills in the relationship between problem-posing skills and mathematics achievement of primary pre-service teachers. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET), 8(3), 2081-2096.https://doi.org/10.15345/iojet.2021.03.129
  • Öztürk, M. (2021). An embedded mixed method study on teaching algebraic expressions using metacognition-based training. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 41, 100787.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100787
  • Öztürk, M., Sarikaya, İ., & Ada Yıldız, K. (2024). Middle school students’ problem solving performance: Identifying the factors that influence it. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 22(6), 1363-1379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-023-10423-5
  • Prins, F. J., Veenman, M. V., & Elshout, J. J. (2006). The impact of intellectual ability and metacognition on learning: New support for the threshold of problematicity theory. Learning and instruction, 16(4), 374-387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2006.07.008
  • Şahinkaya, T., Öztürk, M., & Albayrak, M. (2022). Üstbilişsel IMPROVE tekniğinin oran-orantının öğretimi ve orantısal akıl yürütme becerisinin geliştirilmesi üzerine etkisi. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Eğitim Dergisi, 5(2), 495-516. https://doi.org/10.33400/kuje.1137016
  • Tabuyo, A. T. (2024). Metacognition and mathematical problem-solving performance of pre-service teachers. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 14(4), 474–480.https://doi.org/10.14527/pegegog.2024.005
  • Teong, S. K. (2003). The effect of metacognitive training on mathematical word-problem solving. Journal of Computer Assisted,19(1), 46–55. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0266-4909.2003.00005.x

Üstbilişsel Yöntem Herkese Uygun mu? CRIME Tekniğinin Matematik Dersinde 7. Sınıf Öğrencilerine Etkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4, 803 - 815, 11.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.1795820

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı: Bu araştırmanın amacı, 7. sınıf öğrencilerine meta-bilişsel öğretim yöntemlerinden biri olan CRIME tekniği kullanılarak oran-orantı ve yüzdelerin öğretiminin dersler üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir.
Yöntem: Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması modeli kullanılmıştır. Öğrenme sürecini inceleyen nitel çalışmalar belirlenmiş ve araştırmacı görüşme formu için beş adet yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme sorusu hazırlamıştır. Çalışmanın çalışma grubunu Türkiye'nin kuzeydoğusundaki bir ilde bulunan bir devlet okulunda 7. sınıfta öğrenim gören altı öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını belirlemek için amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla uygulama yapılan 24 kişilik öğrenci grubundan maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak katılımcılar belirlenmiştir. Seçilen öğrenciler görüşme formunda yer alan sorular sorularak belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonucunda, üstbilişsel CRIME tekniğinin motivasyonu, problem çözmeyi, ders başarısını ve üstbilişsel becerileri artırdığını göstermektedir. Çalışma, üstbilişsel CRIME tekniğinin yüksek başarı gösteren öğrencilerde üstbilişsel izleme ve değerlendirme becerilerini geliştirdiğini belirlemiştir.
Önemli Vurgular: Orta ve düşük başarı seviyelerine sahip öğrencilerin üstbilişsel becerilerinde herhangi bir değişiklik göstermemiştir ki bu orijinal bir sonuçtur. Çalışmanın özgün sonucu, üstbilişsel CRIME tekniğinin orta düzeyde başarılı öğrencilerin problem çözme becerilerinde etkili olduğudur. Aynı zamanda, düşük düzeyde başarılı öğrencilerin problem çözme becerilerinde bir değişiklik olmamıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Ares Ferreirós, M., Alfonso Gil, S., Rodríguez Enríquez, M., Conde Rodríguez, Á., & Deaño Deaño, M. (2024). Improvement in simultaneous processing through metacognitive instruction. Frontiers in Education, 9, (p. 1346739).
  • Aydın, Ü., & Öztürk, M. (2024). Üstbilişe dayalı öğretimin matematik başarısı ve problem çözmeye etkisi: Bir meta-analiz araştırması. Manisa Celal Bayar University Journal of The Faculty of Education, 12(2), 286–304. https://doi.org/10.52826/mcbuefd.1450124
  • Baumanns, L., & Rott, B. (2022). The process of problem posing: Development of a descriptive phase model of problem posing. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 110(2), 251-269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-021-10091-0
  • Baten, E., Praet, M., & Desoete, A. (2017). The relevance and efficacy of metacognition for instructional design in the domain of mathematics. ZDM Mathematics Education, 49, 613–623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-017-0851-y
  • Chen, S., & McDunn, B. A. (2022). Metacognition: History, measurements, and the role in early childhood development and education. Learning and Motivation, 78, 101786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2022.101786
  • Eberhart, J., Ingendahl, F., & Bryce, D. (2025). Are metacognition interventions in young children effective? Evidence from a series of meta-analyses. Metacognition and Learning, 20(7), 1-45.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-024-09405-x
  • Erdem, A., & Öztürk, M. (2023). Manipülatif destekli üstbilişsel planlamaya dayalı öğrenme ortamı tasarımı: Çarpanlar ve katları konusu örneği. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(2), 559-584. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2023.-1099309
  • Flavell, J. H. (1979). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34(10), 906-911. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.34.10.906
  • Hythecker, V. I., Dansereau, D. F., & Rocklin, T. R. (1988). An analysis of the processes influencing the structured dyadic learning environment. Educational Psychologist, 23(1), 23-37.
  • Jeong, J., & Kim, S. (2025). Young children’s metacognition in problem-solving through question-asking. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 254, 106207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2025.106207
  • Gandolfi, E., Limata, T., Favatà, R., & Ianì, F. (2024). Does peer tutoring have negative effects? An investigation and intervention on tutors’ implicit theories and beliefs of intelligence. Educational Psychology, 44(5), 632-648.
  • Kramer, A. W., Huizenga, H. M., Van Duijvenvoorde, A. C., & Krabbendam, L. (2024). Do I want to learn today? Day-to-day variations in adolescents’ academic motivation and effort. Learning and Motivation, 85, 101957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2023.101957
  • Kwang, T. S. (2000). The effect of metacognitive training on the mathematical word problem solving of Singapore 11–12 year olds in a computer environment (Doctoral dissertation). University of Leeds.
  • McCormick, S., & Cooper, J. O. (1991). Can SQ3R facilitate secondary learning disabled students’ literal comprehension of expository tests? Three experiments. Reading Psychology, 12, 239–271.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (3. baskıdan çeviri). (Çeviri Editörü: S. Turan). Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Mert, M., & Baş, F. (2019). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin matematiğe yönelik kaygı, üstbilişsel farkındalık düzeyleri ve ilgili değişkenlerin matematik başarılarındaki etkisi. Türk Bilgisayar ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi, 10(3), 732-756. https://dx.doi.org/10.16949/turkbilmat.508347
  • Mevarech, Z. R., & Kramarski, B. (1997). IMPROVE: A multidimensional method for teaching mathematics in heterogeneous classrooms. American Educational Research Journal, 34(2), 365-395. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312034002365
  • Okumuş, Ö., & Öztürk, M. (2024). Metacognitive training for algebra teaching to high school students: An action research study. Learning and Motivation, 88, 102064.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2024.102064
  • Özdoğan, E. G. (2024). Metacognitive planning skills of good and poor problem solvers towards understanding the problem. (Publication No. 928139) [Master Thesis, Bayburt University-Bayburt]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
  • Özçakır Sümen, Ö. (2021). The mediating role of metacognitive self-regulation skills in the relationship between problem-posing skills and mathematics achievement of primary pre-service teachers. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET), 8(3), 2081-2096.https://doi.org/10.15345/iojet.2021.03.129
  • Öztürk, M. (2021). An embedded mixed method study on teaching algebraic expressions using metacognition-based training. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 41, 100787.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100787
  • Öztürk, M., Sarikaya, İ., & Ada Yıldız, K. (2024). Middle school students’ problem solving performance: Identifying the factors that influence it. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 22(6), 1363-1379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-023-10423-5
  • Prins, F. J., Veenman, M. V., & Elshout, J. J. (2006). The impact of intellectual ability and metacognition on learning: New support for the threshold of problematicity theory. Learning and instruction, 16(4), 374-387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2006.07.008
  • Şahinkaya, T., Öztürk, M., & Albayrak, M. (2022). Üstbilişsel IMPROVE tekniğinin oran-orantının öğretimi ve orantısal akıl yürütme becerisinin geliştirilmesi üzerine etkisi. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Eğitim Dergisi, 5(2), 495-516. https://doi.org/10.33400/kuje.1137016
  • Tabuyo, A. T. (2024). Metacognition and mathematical problem-solving performance of pre-service teachers. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 14(4), 474–480.https://doi.org/10.14527/pegegog.2024.005
  • Teong, S. K. (2003). The effect of metacognitive training on mathematical word-problem solving. Journal of Computer Assisted,19(1), 46–55. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0266-4909.2003.00005.x
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Matematik Eğitimi
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Görkem Kılıç 0000-0001-6289-1847

Mesut Öztürk 0000-0002-2163-3769

Yayımlanma Tarihi 11 Ekim 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Nisan 2025
Kabul Tarihi 10 Ekim 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Kılıç, G., & Öztürk, M. (2025). When Metacognition Works—And When It Doesn’t: Investigating the CRIME Technique in Middle School Mathematics. Kastamonu Education Journal, 33(4), 803-815. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.1795820

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