Türkiyede İnşaat Sektöründe Çalışanlarının İlk Yardım Konusunda Bilgi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

İş kazaları ve yaralanmalar, inşaat sektöründe oldukça yaygın bir sorundur ve bu nedenle çalışanların ilk yardım konusundaki bilgi düzeyleri büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, inşaat sektöründeki çalışanların ilk yardım konusundaki bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla kesitsel bir araştırma olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırma, Türkiye'nin İstanbul şehrindeki bir şantiyede çalışan 145 katılımcı üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, ilk yardım konusundaki bilgi düzeylerini değerlendiren ve sosyodemografik özellikleri içeren 38 sorudan oluşan bir anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde yüzde, frekans, ortalama, standart sapma, Kruskal-Wallis testi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, daha önce bir ilk yardım durumuna müdahalede bulunan bireylerin, dokuz saatten daha uzun süreli ilk yardım eğitimi alanların ve ilk yardım sertifikasına sahip olan bireylerin daha yüksek bir bilgi düzeyine sahip olduklarını göstermiştir (p < 0.05). Araştırma, inşaat sektöründeki çalışanların ilk yardım konusundaki bilgi düzeyinin genel olarak iyi olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ilk yardım
• Bilgi düzeyi
• İnşaat
• İşçi
• İş kazası

Determining The Level Of Knowledge About First Aid Of Turkey's Construction Sector Employees

Öz

Occupational accidents and injuries are a widespread issue in the construction sector, highlighting the crucial importance of employees' knowledge level regarding first aid. This study was designed as a cross-sectional research to determine the level of first aid knowledge among workers in the construction industry. The study was conducted with 145 participants working at a construction site in Istanbul, Turkey. Data was collected through a questionnaire consisting of 38 questions, which assessed the participants' knowledge level of first aid and included socio-demographic characteristics. Percentages, frequencies, means, standard deviations, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test were employed for statistical analysis. The study findings indicated that individuals who had previously intervened in a first aid situation, those who received first aid training for a duration of nine hours or more, and individuals possessing a first aid certification exhibited higher levels of knowledge (p < 0.05). The study revealed that workers in the construction sector generally possessed a good level of first aid knowledge. This can be attributed to their frequent exposure to first aid-requiring situations within the construction environment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• First aid
• Knowledge Level
• Construction
• Worker
• Occupational Accidents.

Kaynakça

1. Amro, N., and Qtait, M. (2017).General knowledge and attitude of first aid among schoolteacher’s in
2. Palestine. International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science (IJIRMS), 2(04).
3. Anderson, G. S., Gaetz, M., and Masse, J. (2011). First aid skill retention of first responders within the workplace. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 19(1), 11. doi:10.1186/1757-7241-19-11
4. Bakalarski, P. (2020). Assessment of teachers' knowledge about first aid. Critical Care Innovations, 3(1), 18-23. doi:10.32114/CCI.2020.3.1.18.23
5. Bildik, F., Kılıçaslan, İ., Doğru, C., Keleş, A., and Demircan, A. (2011). The need for first aid awareness among candidate teachers. Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine, 11(4), 166-170.
6. Celik, S. (2012). A media comparison study on first aid instruction. Health Education Journal, 72(1), 95-101. doi:10.1177/0017896911430762
7. Cofano, S. C., Ojukwu, D., Mozumdar, N., Raza, Z., Saigal, S., Musku, S.,Jalonen, T. O. (2017). Assessing knowledge of symptoms and first-aid care of epilepsy in Grenada, West Indies. Epilepsy and Behavior, 70, 232-237. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.03.003
8. Colak, B., Etiler, N., and Bicer, U. (2004). Fatal occupational injuries in the construction sector in Kocaeli, Turkey, 1990-2001. Industrial Health, 42(4), 424-430.

9. Çavuş, A. (2015). Türkiye’de inşaat sektöründeki iş kazalarının sınıflandırılarak nedenlerinin incelenmesi. Akademik Platform Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2).
10. Emir, O., and Kuş, G. (2015). A Study into the Level of First Aid of Hotel Employees. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 1036-1042. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.791
11. Hamid, A. R. A., Noor Azmi, M. R. A., Aminudin, E., Jaya, R. P., Zakaria, R., Zawawi, A. M. M., . . . Saar, C. C. (2019). Causes of fatal construction accidents in Malaysia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 220, 012044. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/220/1/012044
12. Joseph, N., Narayanan, T., bin Zakaria, S., Nair, A. V., Belayutham, L., Subramanian, A. M., and Gopakumar, K. (2015). Awareness, attitudes and practices of first aid among school teachers in Mangalore, south India. Journal of primary health care, 7(4), 274-281.
13. Karyś, J., Rębak, D., Karyś, T., Kowalczyk-Sroka, B., and Maćkowski, M. (2015). Knowledge of first aid in road traffic accidents among drivers from the Staszów County. Archives of Physiotherapy and Global Researches, 19(1).
14. Kawale, S. N., Shinde, M. A., and Shinde, P. (2020). A Cross-Sectional Study of Knowledge about First Aid in Undergraduate Medical Students of Maharashtra. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 11(9), 102-106.
15. Khatatbeh, M. (2016). First Aid Knowledge Among University Students in Jordan. International journal of preventive medicine, 7, 24-24. doi:10.4103/2008-7802.174772
16. Li, F., Jiang, F., Jin, X., Qiu, Y., and Shen, X. (2012). Pediatric first aid knowledge and attitudes among staff in the preschools of Shanghai, China. BMC Pediatrics, 12(1), 121. doi:10.1186/1471-2431-12-121
17. Lingard, H. (2001). The effect of first aid training on objective safety behaviour in Australian small business construction firms. Construction Management and Economics, 19(6), 611-618. doi:10.1080/01446190110049820
18. Lingard, H. (2002a). The effect of first aid training on Australian construction workers' occupational health and safety knowledge and motivation to avoid work-related injury or illness. Construction Management and Economics, 20(3), 263-273. doi:10.1080/01446190110117617
19. Lingard, H. (2002b). The effect of first aid training on Australian construction workers' occupational health and safety motivation and risk control behavior. Journal of Safety Research, 33(2), 209-230. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4375(02)00013-0
20. Lingard, H. (2017). First Aid and Occupational Health and Safety: the Case for an Integrated Training Approach. Burns: Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries, 111-117.
21. Lingard, H., and Yesilyurt, Z. (2003). The effect of attitudes on the occupational safety actions of Australian construction workers: the results of a field study. Journal of Construction Research, 4(01), 59-69.
22. López, M. A. C., Ritzel, D. O., Fontaneda, I., and Alcantara, O. J. G. (2008). Construction industry accidents in Spain. Journal of Safety Research, 39(5), 497-507.
23. Mayowi, O., Rahil, N. H., and Damayanti, S. (2020). Health Education Improve Knowledge and First Aid Attitude in Accidents. Jurnal Gawat Darurat, 2(1), 9-16.
24. Midani, O., Tillawi, T., Saqer, A., Hammami, M. B., Taifour, H., and Mohammad, H. (2019). Knowledge and attitude toward first aid: A cross-sectional study in the United Arab Emirates. Avicenna J Med, 9(1), 1-7. doi:10.4103/ajm.AJM_140_18
25. Ngwu, F., Alabere, I., and Douglas, K. (2019). Prevalence of Falls and Associated Factors among Construction Workers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Medicine and Health, 1-16.
26. Olumide, A. O., Asuzu, M. C., and Kale, O. O. (2015). Effect of First Aid Education on First Aid Knowledge and Skills of Commercial Drivers in South West Nigeria. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, 30(6), 579-585. doi:10.1017/S1049023X15005282
27. Qing, Y., Yongqiang, X., Xiaoming, F., Tuo, S., Xiaona, X., Yiheng, H., Zhaofan, X. (2020). First-aid knowledge regarding small area burns in children among 5814 caregivers: A questionnaire analysis. Burns, 46(2), 459-464. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2019.08.006
28. Rotich, J. P., and Elliott, G. (2019). Teaching First Aid, CPR, and AED Using Blended Learning in Academic Settings Handbook of Research on Blended Learning Pedagogies and Professional Development in Higher Education (pp. 325-339): IGI Global.
29. Sönmez, Y., Uskun, E., and Pehlivan, A. (2014). Knowledge levels of pre-school teachers related with basic first-aid practices, Isparta sample. Turk pediatri arsivi, 49(3), 238-246. doi:10.5152/tpa.2014.1581
30. Sümbüloğlu, K., and Sümbüloğlu, V. (2000). Biyoistatislik (9 ed.). Ankara: Hatipoğlu Yayınları.
31. Taher, M. Q., Kamal, Z. N., Majed, H., Salmeen, A. A. M., Al-Qallaf, J. W., Al-Qallaf, M., Al-Otaibi, F. A. (2020). Prevalence of domestic injuries and awareness of first aid among Kuwaiti population. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 4(1), 213-217. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1574931933
32. Zhang, J., Zhang, W., Xu, P., and Chen, N. (2019). Applicability of accident analysis methods to Chinese construction accidents. Journal of Safety Research, 68, 187-196. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2018.11.006