Te Aranga Cultural Landscape Strategy and Cooperatıon In Urban Development In New Zealand

Öz

This study examines the experience of cooperation between relevant public institutions and local community representatives in order to drive urban development, maintaining and growing local cultural identity in New Zealand for about 15 years. The meetings, which were organized to discuss the difficulties faced by the Maori people in the urban area, gradually expanded in line with the world view of the native people and extended beyond the framework of the concept of urban design. During the preparation phase of the urban design protocol prepared by the Ministry of Environment, a series of seminars are held with the participation of local people. The concept of Te Aranga design principles, developed from the understanding of human and nature in Maori culture, and the strategy of cultural landscape with the scale exceeding the boundary covered by urban design, first appeared in 2006. Strategy seeks to comprehensively assist local people, their design communities and their councils in engaging collaboratively in the protection, restoration and reinscription of Maori cultural landscapes to deepen sense of place and wellbeing within urban environments. Various headings such as protection of nature, recognition of place names, continuity of crafts and artisans, securing land ownership, contributing to the sense of belonging in urban areas are examined within the scope of this study. There will also be an opportunity to analyze the results of theoretical productions through applied sample projects. While similar practices aimed at ensuring the participation of local communities from around the world are mentioned, criticisms on the subject are also included. The Te Aranga Design Principles, as an emerging participatory design guide, are not only a current topic of discussion within their social context but also serve as a significant example of utilizing historical knowledge and ensuring user participation in the creation of the physical environment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Urban Design
• Participation
• Cultural Identitiy
• Te Aranga Design Principles.

Yeni Zelanda'da Katılımcı Kentsel Gelişim Deneyimi ve Te Aranga Kültürel Çevre Stratejisi Kavramı

Öz

Bu çalışmada Yeni Zelanda'da kentsel yenileme ve dönüşüm uygulamaları kapsamında yerel kültürel kimliği korumak ve geliştirmek için ilgili kamu kurumları ve yerel topluluk temsilcileri arasındaki iş birliği deneyimini incelenmektedir. Maori kültüründe insan ve doğa anlayışından geliştirilen Te Aranga Kültürel Çevre Stratejisi ve Te Aranga Tasarım İlkeleri kavramları, kentsel tasarımın kapsamını aşan ölçeğe sahip kültürel peyzaj stratejisi fikri olarak 2006'da ortaya çıkmıştır. Strateji, yerel çevrelere, tasarım topluluklarına ve konseylerine, Maori kültürel peyzajlarının korunması, restorasyonu ve eski haline getirilmesi için kentsel mekanda kaliteyi, aidiyet duygusunu ve refah seviyesini iyileştirmek için yardımcı olmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çevre Bakanlığı tarafından hazırlanan kentsel tasarım protokolünün üretim aşamasında, yerel halkın katılımıyla bir dizi seminer düzenlenmiş, Maori halkının kentsel alanda karşılaştığı zorlukları tartışmak üzere düzenlenen toplantılar, yerli halkın dünya görüşü doğrultusunda genişleyerek kentsel tasarım kavramı çerçevesinin ötesine geçmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında doğanın korunması, yer adlarının tanınması, zanaat ve zanaatkârların sürekliliği, arazi mülkiyetinin güvence altına alınması, kentsel alanlara ait olma duygusuna katkıda bulunma gibi çeşitli başlıklar incelenmiştir. Maori halk kültürünün özünde yer alan ve Te Aranga tasarım rehberinin temelini oluşturan değerler 7 ilke olarak özetlenmiştir. İnşa edilmiş projeler üzerinden tasarım ilkelerinin uygulanmış örneklerine yer verilmiş ve katlımcı kentsel gelişim deneyimi için konunun imkan ve sınırlılıkları irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca yerel toplulukların katılımını sağlamaya dönük benzer uygulamalara değinilirken konu ile ilgili eleştirilere de yer verilmiştir. Gelişmekte olan bir katılımcı tasarım rehberi olarak Te Aranga Tasarım İlkeleri’nin kendi toplumsal bağlamı içinde güncel bir tartışma olmanın yanı sıra fiziksel çevrenin kuruluşunda geçmişten yararlanma ve kullanıcı katılımını sağlama konularında önemli bir örnek olduğu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kentsel Tasarım
• Katılımcılık
• Kültürel Kimlik
• Te Aranga Tasarım Prensipleri

Kaynakça

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