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Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084

Cilt: 18 Sayı: 6 20 Kasım 2025
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Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084

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Based on Jeremy Bentham's Panopticon architectural system, Michel Foucault employs Bentham's model as a metaphor to illuminate the mechanisms of discipline and power. In Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, Foucault discusses the Panopticon, a prison model designed by Jeremy Bentham in 1785. The Panopticon is a circular building with a high watchtower at its centre. In this model, the inability of the inmates to see the observer is critical since it gives them a sense of constant surveillance, which causes them to regulate themselves. Discipline is thus sustained through visibility of the inmates and the invisibility of the supervisor. Individuals are categorized, which makes controlling them simpler. With this design, the ultimate aim is to create order and obedience. Similar designs can be encountered on a large scale in dystopian cities. Cities embody the mindsets of the systems to which they belong. This analysis examines the cities that are portrayed in Kaan Arslanoğlu’s novel Silence Towers 2084, a novel by the Turkish author and the city in the renowned Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell from a Foucauldian stance. Both cities demonstrate how control and discipline are ordained through the visibility of citizens, revealing the urban exercise of power. The reason for selecting these two novels is their portrayal of how individuals are taken under control by various tools embedded in everyday life. While the city in Arslanoğlu’s 2084 showcases a more advanced society with technologies absent in Orwell’s 1984, it ultimately lacks crucial elements such as individualism, diversity, and autonomy. Orwell’s city presents a stark contrast. There are the megastructures of the ministries with wealthy neighbourhoods and areas in poverty. In those areas, the underprivileged live without meeting even their most basic needs as humans. In comparison, Arslanoğlu’s city has a more synthetic quality. Cities in both novels function like Bentham’s panopticon by incorporating mechanisms of surveillance, categorisation, discipline and self-regulation. In these cities, where visibility acts as a means of self-regulation and internalizing discipline without questioning, a disciplinary society, as Foucault suggests, emerges.

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Teşekkür

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Kaynakça

  1. Agrest, D. (1980). The city as the place of representation. Design Quarterly (113/114), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.2307/4091024
  2. Baldwin, J. (1981). The language of the streets. In M. C. Jaye & A. C. Watts (Eds.), Literature & the american urban experience: Essays on the city and literature (133-137). Manchester University Press. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=BxHpAAAAIAAJ
  3. Barclay, K., & Riddle, J. (2021). Urban emotions and the making of the city. In K. Barclay & J. Riddle (Eds.), Urban emotions and the making of the city: Interdisciplinary perspectives (pp. 1-18). Taylor & Francis. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=--EaEAAAQBAJ
  4. Bentley, N. (2014). Postmodern cities. In K. R. McNamara (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to the city in literature (pp. 175–187). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  5. Fiedler, L. (1981). Mythicizing the city. In M. C. Jaye & A. C. Watts (Eds.), Literature and the American urban experience: Essays on the city and literature (pp. 113–115). Manchester University Press. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=BxHpAAAAIAAJ
  6. Foucault, M. (1994). The order of things: An archaeology of the human sciences. Vintage Books.
  7. Foucault, M. (1995). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison (A. Sheridan, Trans.). 2nd Vintage Books ed. Vintage Books.
  8. Gottmann, J. (1961). Megalopolis: The urbanized northeastern seaboard of the United States. The Twentieth Century Fund.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

20 Kasım 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

23 Mart 2025

Kabul Tarihi

7 Kasım 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

APA
Tulgar, A. (2025). Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084. Kent Akademisi, 18(6), 3851-3863. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1663863
AMA
1.Tulgar A. Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084. Kent Akademisi. 2025;18(6):3851-3863. doi:10.35674/kent.1663863
Chicago
Tulgar, Alper. 2025. “Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084”. Kent Akademisi 18 (6): 3851-63. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1663863.
EndNote
Tulgar A (01 Kasım 2025) Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084. Kent Akademisi 18 6 3851–3863.
IEEE
[1]A. Tulgar, “Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084”, Kent Akademisi, c. 18, sy 6, ss. 3851–3863, Kas. 2025, doi: 10.35674/kent.1663863.
ISNAD
Tulgar, Alper. “Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084”. Kent Akademisi 18/6 (01 Kasım 2025): 3851-3863. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1663863.
JAMA
1.Tulgar A. Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084. Kent Akademisi. 2025;18:3851–3863.
MLA
Tulgar, Alper. “Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084”. Kent Akademisi, c. 18, sy 6, Kasım 2025, ss. 3851-63, doi:10.35674/kent.1663863.
Vancouver
1.Alper Tulgar. Cities of Surveillance: A Foucauldian Reading of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Arslanoğlu’s Silence Towers 2084. Kent Akademisi. 01 Kasım 2025;18(6):3851-63. doi:10.35674/kent.1663863

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