Biyofilik Tasarım Parametrelerinin Ağırlıklarının SWARA Yöntemi ile Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma son dönemde tüm dünyanın maruz kaldığı COVID-19 pandemisi ile birlikte insan-mekan-doğa ilişkisinin insan psikolojisindeki yeri ve etkileri üzerine literatürde yer alan ampirik deneylerle oluşturulmuş biyofilik tasarım parametrelerinin ağırlık katsayılarının ölçülmesi üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Karar verme ve performans değerlendirme süreçlerinde kriter ağırlıklarının belirlenmesi için kullanılan SWARA yöntemi ile, literatürde 3 ana başlık ve 14 temel parametre altında ele alınan biyofilik tasarım parametrelerinin ağırlıklarının hesaplanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu maksatla, 40 kişilik ulusal ve uluslarası düzeyde akademik ve uygulama yapan mimara bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen anket sonuçları SWARA yönteminde kullanılmış ve biyofilik tasarım parametrelerinin ağırlıkları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre literatürde yer alan parametrelerden manzara (geniş görüş alanı), doğa ile görsel bağlantı ve doğal sistem ve süreçlerle bağlantı parametreleri en önemli tasarım parametreleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca elde edilen bu sonuçların ilerleyen çalışmalarda kullanılması ve “Biyofilik Ayaz İzi” veya “Biyofilik Yeterlilik Katsayısı” gibi kavramların literatüre kazandırılması amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyofilik Tasarım
• Biyofilik Tasarım Parametreleri
• SWARA
• Biyofilik Yeterlilik Katsayısı

Determining The Weights of Biophilic Design Parameters via SWARA Method

Öz

This study is conducted to determine the weights of biophilic design parameters created by empirical experiments in the literature and the effects of the human-space-nature relationship in human psychology, due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic that the whole world has been exposed to. It is aimed to calculate the weights of biophilic design parameters, that are discussed under 3 main headings and 14 basic parameters in the literature by using the SWARA method, which is used to determine criteria weights in decision making and performance evaluation processes. Accordingly, a survey has been conducted on 40 national and international architects working for both academic and non-academic environments. The survey results are used in the SWARA method and the weights of the biophilic design parameters are determined. According to the results obtained, prospect (wide panorama), visual connection with the nature and connection with the natural system parameters and processes are determined as the most important design parameters to determine the effects of human-space-nature relationship in human psychology. It is also aimed to use these results in further studies to establish and to develop the concepts like "Biophilic Footprint" or "Biophilic Efficiency Coefficient" in the architectural literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biophilic Design
• Biophilic Design Parameters
• SWARA
• Biophilic Efficiency Coefficient

Kaynakça

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