Yaşayan Tarih: Savaş Alanları Turizmi ve Yeniden Canlandırma Toplulukları Örneği

Öz

Post-modern toplumda refah düzeyindeki iyileşme, bilgi iletişim teknolojileri ve ulaşımdaki teknolojik gelişmelerle artan turizm hareketliliği tarihi sunum çeşitliliğini artırmıştır. İnsanlık tarihi boyunca yaşanmış dönemler, olaylar ve savaşlar; internet, film, dizi, bilgisayar oyunları ve turizm gibi ortamlardaki sunumlarla tekrar erişime açılmıştır. Kitle turizminin dünyaya yayılması sonrasında alternatif turizm ve özel ilgi turizmi de turizmin işleyiş biçimini çeşitlendirmiştir. Turizmin artan çeşitliliği geleneksel turizm türlerinden deneyim odaklı turizm türlerine geçişi hızlandırmıştır. Savaş alanları turizmi ve yaşayan tarih, deneyim odaklı turizmin parçasıdır. Yaşayan bir olgu olan tarihin ağırlıklı olarak ölü olarak adlandırılabilecek sayfalarla sunumu günümüzde farklılaşmaktadır. Bu sunumlardan biri de savaş alanları turizmi kapsamında yaşayan tarih topluluklarıdır. Bu çalışmada yaşayan tarih toplulukları betimleyici örnek olay çalışması ile ele alınmıştır. İkincil kaynaklardan veriler elde edilmiştir. Bu veriler ışığında dünya genelinde yer alan yaşayan tarih toplulukları ile ilgili bilgiler derlenmiştir. Tarihin turizm yoluyla hem öğrenme hem de eğlenme aracılığıyla gelecek nesillere aktarılması konusunda bazı öneriler getirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• miras turizmi
• savaş alanı turizmi
• anma etkinlikleri
• yeniden canlandırmalar
• yaşayan tarih.

Living History: The Case Of Battlefield Tourism and Re-Enactment Societies

Öz

In the post-modern society, tourism mobility has increased with the improvement in welfare, information and communication technologies, and technological developments in transportation. Such mobility has also increased the diversity of historical presentations. Periods, events, and wars experienced throughout the history of humanity have also been reopened with representations in media such as the internet, movies, TV series, computer games, and tourism. After the spread of mass tourism throughout the world, alternative tourism and special interest tourism have also diversified the way tourism operates. The increasing diversity of tourism has accelerated the transition from traditional tourism types to experience-oriented tourism types. Battlefield tourism and living history are identified as a part of experience-oriented tourism. History, which is a living phenomenon, has dominantly been presented mostly in pages, which have dead characteristics. However, this case is altering recently. One of these live presentations within the scope of battlefield tourism is living history communities. In this study, living historical societies are discussed through a descriptive case study. Data were obtained from secondary sources. In the light of these data, information about living history communities around the world has been compiled. Some suggestions have been made about the transmission of history to future generations by tourism through both learning and entertainment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• heritage tourism
• battlefield tourism
• commemorations
• re-enactments
• living history.

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