Tarihi Yapılardaki Taş Malzeme Bozulmalarının Gözlemsel Tespiti: Mardin Eski Amerikan Misyoner Koleji Örneği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4, 2761 - 2778, 16.12.2023

Lale Karataş

https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1156788

Öz

Taş yapıları incelemek, sorunları anlamak ve koruma ihtiyaçlarını belirlemek için bozulma modellerini doğru bir şekilde tanımlamak temel bir gerekliliktir. ICOMOS sözlüğünde standartlaştırılmış çeşitli bozulma tipleri belirlenmiştir; ancak, bu metodolojiler karmaşık durumları yorumlamakta yetersiz kalabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, bozulma tipleri coğrafi bağlamlarına uygun olarak tanımlanmalı ve haritalanmalıdır. Bu amaçları çeşitli ülkelerde sürdürmek bağlamında, tarihî binalardaki malzeme problemleri ve müdahaleler için belirlenen aşamaların coğrafi bağlam içinde sistematik olarak örneklenmesi önemlidir. Bu bağlamda yürütülen çalışma, Mardin'deki tarihî taş binalardaki malzeme problemleri ve müdahaleler için belirlenen aşamaları sistemli bir şekilde örneklemek amacıyla, Eski Amerikan Misyoneri Koleji Hastanesi örneği üzerinden sürdürülebilir bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mardin Eski Amerikan Misyoneri Koleji Hastanesi, Mardin'de korunan bir kentsel arkeolojik alan içinde bulunan, birçok çevresel etkiye rağmen yıllara dayanan eşsiz bir kültür anıtıdır. Eski Amerikan Misyoneri Koleji Hastanesi ile ilgili malzeme bozulmalarını belirlemek ve belgelemek için bir sınıflandırma yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, literatür araştırması, gözlem yoluyla belirleme ve fotoğraf çekme yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bilgiler betimleyici ve sistemli analiz yöntemleri aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın, Mardin Eski Amerikan Misyoneri Koleji Hastanesi'nin taş malzeme problemlerini ele almanın yanı sıra bu coğrafi bağlamdaki diğer binalarla ilgili bozulma tiplerini ve koruma önerilerini örneklemesi beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mardin, Geleneksel Taş Bina, Taş Bozulmaları,, Bozulma Tipleri, Koruma

Detection of Stone Material Deterioration in Historical Masonry Buildings by Observational Methods: Mardin Former American Missionary College

Öz

It is essential requirement to define the deterioration models correctly to understand the problems, and to determine the conservation needs and conservation acts, when investigating the stone buildings. Various deterioration types standardized as in the dictionary of ICOMOS are appropriate to achieve the stated objectives; however, these methodologies remain incapable to interpret the situation in complex cases. Therefore, deterioration types must be defined and mapped in accordance with their geographical contexts. Within the context of ensuring the continuity of these objectives in various countries, it is important to exemplify the determination and articulation stages intended for the material problems and interventions on the historical buildings systematically within the geographic context. The study conducted within this context is to exemplify the determination and articulation stages intended for the material problems and interventions systematically within the geographic context, based on Former American Missionary College Hospital case, to manage the material problems on historical masonry buildings in Mardin, which is a unique geographic context, in a sustainable manner. Mardin Former American Missionary College Hospital, which remains within the preserved urban archaeological site in Mardin, is a unique cultural monument, which survives over the years, despite exposure to many environmental influences. A classification was made to determine and document the material deteriorations regarding the Former American Missionary College Hospital. Literature research, determination via observation, and documentation through photographing methods were used in the study. The information obtained was assessed via the descriptive and systematic analysis methods. The study is expected to make contribution into the literature both in terms of addressing the stone material problems of Mardin Former American Missionary College Hospital and of exemplifying the deterioration types and conservation suggestions regarding the other buildings within this geographical context.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mardin, Traditional Stone Building, Stone Deteriorations, Deterioration Types, Conservation

Kaynakça

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