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A Critical Review of “Red Media, Blue Media: Evidence of Ideological Selectivity in Media Use”

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 2, 119 - 125, 30.06.2019

Öz

Bu eleştiride, Iyengar ve Hahn (2009) tarafından yapılan “Kırmızı Medya, Mavi Medya: Medya Kullanımında İdeolojik Seçiciliğin Bulguları” çalışması içerik, örnekleme ve metodoloji açısından eleştirel bir biçimde incelenecektir. Eleştiri boyunca, sorunlu bazı noktalara rağmen, medya kullanımı ve partizanlık ilişkisine odaklanan söz konusu çalışmanın, yeni medya ve siyaset bilimi literatürüne katkıda bulunan kapsamlı ve güncellenmiş bir örnek sağladığı vurgulanacaktır. Haber talebinin, bir kişinin siyasal tercihleri ölçütünde algılanan haber kurumunu yakınlığına göre değiştiğini ve partizan afinitesine dayanan seçici bir medya maruziyet modelinin var olduğunu savunan yazarlar, iddialarını yeterince detaylandırmakta ve deneysel desteklerin yanı sıra tutarlı ve destekleyici bir teorik çerçeveyle hipotezlerini test etmektedir. Yazarlar, sırasız seçim modelini kullanarak haber etiketlerinin genel etkilerini, haber seçiminde seçmeli maruziyet bulgularını ve seçicilik ile partizanlık arasındaki ilişkiyi ele almaktadır. Daha iyi ve daha tutarlı bir analiz sağlamak amacıyla, bu çalışma aynı zamanda birkaç eleştiri de ortaya sunmaktadır. Bu eleştiriler arasında medya tüketicilerinin sorunlu genellemesi, örnek medya seçim prosedürlerinin yetersiz gerekçelendirilmesi, haberlerin belirsiz bir şekilde sınıflandırılması, medyanın izleyiciler üzerindeki rolünün yanı sıra sosyal medya araçları gibi diğer yeni medya türlerinin analiz içerisinde bulunmaması yer almaktadır

Kaynakça

  • Abramowitz, Alan I., et al. “Incumbency, Redistricting, and the Decline of Competition in U.S. House Elections.” The Journal of Politics, vol. 68, no. 1, 2006, pp. 75–88. JSTOR, doi:10.1111/j.1468-2508.2006.00371.x.
  • Abramowitz, Alan I., and Kyle L. Saunders. “Exploring the Bases of Partisanship in the American Electorate: Social Identity vs. Ideology.” Political Research Quarterly, vol. 59, no. 2, June 2006, pp. 175–87. SAGE Journals, doi:10.1177/106591290605900201.
  • Festinger, Leon. A Theory Of Cognitive Dissonance. Evanston, Ill.: Row, Peterson [1957. Print.
  • Fiorina, Morris P., et al. Culture Wars? The Myth of Polarized America. Pearson Longman, 2005.
  • Iyengar, Shanto, and Kyu S. Hahn. “Red Media, Blue Media: Evidence of Ideological Selectivity in Media Use.” Journal of Communication, vol. 59, no. 1, Mar. 2009, pp. 19–39. academic-oup-com.proxy.cc.uic.edu, doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.01402.x.
  • Layman, Geoffrey C., and Thomas M. Carsey. “Party Polarization and ‘Conflict Extension’ in the American Electorate.” American Journal of Political Science, vol. 46, no. 4, 2002, pp. 786–802. JSTOR, doi:10.2307/3088434.
  • Lazarsfeld, Paul F.,, Berelson, Bernard,Gaudet, Hazel,The People’s Choice: How The Voter Makes Up His Mind In A Presidential Campaign. New York: Columbia University Press, 1948. Print.
  • Mullainathan, Sendhil, and Andrei Shleifer. “The Market for News.” The American Economic Review, vol. 95, no. 4, 2005, pp. 1031–53.
  • Pfau, Michael,, Houston, J. Brian,Semmler, Shane M.,Mediating The Vote: The Changing Media Landscape In U.S. Presidential Campaigns. Lanham, Md. : Rowman & Littlefield, 2007. Print.
  • Polsby, Nelson W. Consequences Of Party Reform. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983. Print.
  • Sears, David O., and Jonathan L. Freedman. “Selective Exposure to Information: A Critical Review.” The Public Opinion Quarterly, vol. 31, no. 2, 1967, pp. 194–213.
  • Sunstein, Cass R. Republic.com 2.0. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007. Print.

A Critical Review of “Red Media, Blue Media: Evidence of Ideological Selectivity in Media Use”

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 2, 119 - 125, 30.06.2019

Öz

In this review, the study of “Red Media, Blue Media: Evidence of Ideological Selectivity in Media Use” which was conducted by Iyengar and Hahn (2009) will be critically examined in terms of its content, sampling, and methodology. Throughout the paper, despite several problematic points, it will be underlined that the study focusing on the media use and its relationship with partisanship provides a thorough and updated example that contributes to the new media and political science literature. While arguing that there exists a pattern of selective media exposure based on partisan affinity, where the demand for news varies with the perceived affinity of the news institution to an individual’s political preferences, the authors adequately elaborate their claim and test their hypothesis with a consistent and supportive theoretical framework as well as empirical backing. Using the unordered choice model, the authors consider the overall effects of news labels, evidence of selective exposure in news selection, and the relationship between selectiveness and involved partisanship. To provide better and more coherent analysis, this paper also provides several criticisms. These criticisms include the problematic generalization of media consumers, insufficient justification of sample media selection procedures, ambiguous categorization of the news, no mentioning of the role of media on audiences as well as the absence of other new media types such as social media outputs in the analysis.

Kaynakça

  • Abramowitz, Alan I., et al. “Incumbency, Redistricting, and the Decline of Competition in U.S. House Elections.” The Journal of Politics, vol. 68, no. 1, 2006, pp. 75–88. JSTOR, doi:10.1111/j.1468-2508.2006.00371.x.
  • Abramowitz, Alan I., and Kyle L. Saunders. “Exploring the Bases of Partisanship in the American Electorate: Social Identity vs. Ideology.” Political Research Quarterly, vol. 59, no. 2, June 2006, pp. 175–87. SAGE Journals, doi:10.1177/106591290605900201.
  • Festinger, Leon. A Theory Of Cognitive Dissonance. Evanston, Ill.: Row, Peterson [1957. Print.
  • Fiorina, Morris P., et al. Culture Wars? The Myth of Polarized America. Pearson Longman, 2005.
  • Iyengar, Shanto, and Kyu S. Hahn. “Red Media, Blue Media: Evidence of Ideological Selectivity in Media Use.” Journal of Communication, vol. 59, no. 1, Mar. 2009, pp. 19–39. academic-oup-com.proxy.cc.uic.edu, doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.01402.x.
  • Layman, Geoffrey C., and Thomas M. Carsey. “Party Polarization and ‘Conflict Extension’ in the American Electorate.” American Journal of Political Science, vol. 46, no. 4, 2002, pp. 786–802. JSTOR, doi:10.2307/3088434.
  • Lazarsfeld, Paul F.,, Berelson, Bernard,Gaudet, Hazel,The People’s Choice: How The Voter Makes Up His Mind In A Presidential Campaign. New York: Columbia University Press, 1948. Print.
  • Mullainathan, Sendhil, and Andrei Shleifer. “The Market for News.” The American Economic Review, vol. 95, no. 4, 2005, pp. 1031–53.
  • Pfau, Michael,, Houston, J. Brian,Semmler, Shane M.,Mediating The Vote: The Changing Media Landscape In U.S. Presidential Campaigns. Lanham, Md. : Rowman & Littlefield, 2007. Print.
  • Polsby, Nelson W. Consequences Of Party Reform. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983. Print.
  • Sears, David O., and Jonathan L. Freedman. “Selective Exposure to Information: A Critical Review.” The Public Opinion Quarterly, vol. 31, no. 2, 1967, pp. 194–213.
  • Sunstein, Cass R. Republic.com 2.0. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007. Print.
Toplam 12 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makale İncelemesi
Yazarlar

Reha Atakan Çetin Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Çetin, R. A. (2019). A Critical Review of “Red Media, Blue Media: Evidence of Ideological Selectivity in Media Use”. Kastamonu İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi(2), 119-125.