International Strategies of Islamic Financial Institutions: Current Challenges and Future Trends

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 202 - 216, 15.10.2023

Ömer Faruk Aladağ

https://doi.org/10.52637/kiid.1352334

Cited By: 1

Öz

In an era of growing pressures towards financial ethics, social responsibility and sustainable development, Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) have emerged as new actors on the global financial stage. With their unique characteristics, IFIs offer a different approach to finance. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the international strategies adopted by Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) in their pursuit of global expansion. The current global financial landscape presents unique challenges and opportunities for IFIs in their cross-border operations. In this paper, the drivers, obstacles, and outcomes of IFIs' international strategies are evaluated. IFIs’ approaches to localization, standardization, partnerships, and technological innovations are examined. The article highlights how IFIs, guided by Sharia principles, navigate the complexities of global finance while remaining loyal to Islamic ethical practices. The significance of IFIs' international strategies in facilitating financial inclusion, stability and economic development particularly in Muslim emerging economies is also discussed. Subsequently, the factors that drive IFIs towards international expansion are explored. Increased demand for Sharia-compliant financial services, regulatory reforms, and the advantages of diversification in both product offerings and markets are among important motivators of international expansion for IFIs. How these drivers require IFIs to balance ethical considerations, regulatory compliance and financial performance is highlighted in detail. The challenges and obstacles faced by IFIs in their internationalization phase are analyzed in-depth. Cross-cultural differences, regulatory complexities and the need to achieve Sharia compliance across different contexts come to the fore as important challenges. The study is centered around the variety of international strategies IFIs implement to navigate the global markets. It explains local adaptation strategies that customize products and services to meet the unique preferences of diverse markets. The article also delves into standardization strategies that necessitate common operational principles to achieve economies of scale and ensure Sharia compliance. Furthermore, the article investigates how IFIs enlist technological innovations to improve customer experiences and establish a strong international presence. In this regard, digital platforms, AI-driven solutions and blockchain technology are main facilitators of IFIs in overcoming geographical barriers and providing user-friendly services. The role of strategic partnerships and alliances as a critical component of IFIs' international strategies is explored. Collaborations with local stakeholders enable expertise sharing, resource pooling and market penetration. The article concludes by discussing future trends and prospects for IFIs' international strategies. It pinpoints potential large-scale changes that will have a considerable impact on how IFIs engage in international expansion. The article emphasizes that, amidst all these turbulent conditions, a commitment to Islamic business ethics and social responsibility principles will continue to guide IFIs' strategic decisions as the most important anchors. In summary, this article offers a comprehensive examination of the international strategies pursued by Islamic financial institutions. By delving into the drivers, obstacles, and outcomes of IFIs' global expansion efforts, it provides valuable insights for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers. The article underscores how IFIs, driven by ethical considerations and guided by Sharia principles, can play a pivotal role in shaping the future of international finance while maintaining their commitment to social responsibility and financial inclusion.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Islamic finance, Islamic banks, strategic management, international strategy, strategic alliances

İslami Finans Kurumlarının Uluslararası Stratejileri: Mevcut Zorluklar ve Gelecek Trendler

Öz

Finansal etik, sosyal sorumluluk ve sürdürülebilir kalkınmaya yönelik baskıların arttığı bir çağda, İslami Finans Kuruluşları (İFK'lar) küresel finans sahnesinde yeni aktörler olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. İFK'lar, kendilerine has özellikleriyle finans alanına farklı bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, İslami Finans Kuruluşlarının küresel genişleme arayışlarında benimsedikleri uluslararası stratejilerin kapsamlı bir analizini sunmaktadır. Mevcut küresel finans ortamı, İFK'lar için sınır ötesi faaliyetlerinde karşılarına çıkan zorluklar ve fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Bu makalede, İFK'ların uluslararası stratejilerinin itici güçleri, engelleri ve sonuçları değerlendirilmektedir. İFK'ların yerelleşme, standardizasyon, ortaklıklar ve teknolojik yeniliklere yaklaşımları incelenmektedir. Makale, İslami ilkeler tarafından yönlendirilen İFK'ların etik uygulamalara sadık kalarak küresel finansın karmaşıklıklarıyla nasıl baş ettiklerini vurgulamaktadır. İFK'ların uluslararası stratejilerinin özellikle gelişmekte olan Müslüman ülke ekonomilerinde finansal kapsayıcılığı, istikrarı ve ekonomik kalkınmayı kolaylaştırmadaki önemi de tartışılmaktadır. Daha sonra, İFK'ları uluslararası genişlemeye iten faktörler araştırılmaktadır. İslami ilkelere uyumlu finansal hizmetlere yönelik artan talep, düzenleyici reformlar ve hem ürün tekliflerinde hem de pazarlarda çeşitlendirmenin avantajları, İFK'lar için uluslararası genişlemenin önemli motivasyonları arasındadır. Bu itici güçlerin İFK'ların etik hususlar, mevzuata uyum ve finansal performans arasında nasıl bir denge kurmasını gerektirdiği ayrıntılı olarak incelenmektedir. İFK'ların uluslararasılaşma aşamasında karşılaştıkları zorluklar ve engeller derinlemesine analiz edilmektedir. Kültürler arası farklılıklar, düzenleyici çerçevelerde farklılıklar ve farklı bağlamlarda İslami ilkelere uyum sağlama ihtiyacı önemli zorluklar olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Çalışma, İFK'ların küresel piyasalarda başarılı olmak için uyguladıkları çeşitli uluslararası stratejiler etrafında odaklanmaktadır. Ürün ve hizmetleri farklı pazarların kendine özgü tercihlerine uygun şekilde özelleştiren yerel adaptasyon stratejilerini açıklamaktadır. Makale aynı zamanda ölçek ekonomilerine ulaşmak ve İslami ilkelere uygunluğu sağlamak için ortak operasyonel ilkeler gerektiren standardizasyon stratejilerini de incelemektedir. Makale ayrıca, İFK'ların müşteri deneyimlerini iyileştirmek ve güçlü bir uluslararası varlık oluşturmak için teknolojik yeniliklerden nasıl faydalandığını araştırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, dijital platformlar, yapay zekâ odaklı çözümler ve blok zinciri teknolojisi, coğrafi engelleri aşma ve kullanıcı dostu hizmetler sunma konusunda İFK'ların ana yardımcılarıdır. İFK'ların uluslararası stratejilerinin kritik bir bileşeni olarak stratejik ortaklıkların ve ittifakların rolü incelenmiştir. Yerel paydaşlarla yapılan iş birlikleri uzmanlık paylaşımı, kaynak havuzu oluşturma ve pazara nüfuz etmeyi mümkün kılmaktadır. Makale, İFK'ların uluslararası stratejileri için gelecekteki eğilimleri ve beklentileri tartışarak sona ermektedir. İFK'ların uluslararası genişlemeye nasıl katıldıkları üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olacak potansiyel büyük ölçekli değişikliklere işaret edilmektedir. Tüm bu çalkantılı koşulların ortasında, İslami iş etiği ve sosyal sorumluluk ilkelerine bağlılığın en önemli çıpalar olarak İFK'ların stratejik kararlarına rehberlik etmeye devam edeceği vurgulanmaktadır. Özetle, bu çalışma İslami finans kuruluşlarının izlediği uluslararası stratejilerin kapsamlı bir incelemesini sunmaktadır. İFK'ların küresel genişleme çabalarının itici güçlerini, engellerini ve sonuçlarını inceleyerek uygulayıcılar, araştırmacılar ve politika yapıcılar için değerli içgörüler sunmaktadır. Makale, etik kaygılarla hareket eden ve İslami ilkeler tarafından yönlendirilen İFK'ların, sosyal sorumluluk ve finansal kapsayıcılığa olan bağlılıklarını sürdürürken uluslararası finansın geleceğini şekillendirmede nasıl önemli bir rol oynayabileceklerinin altını çizmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İslami finans, katılım bankacılığı, stratejik yönetim, uluslararası strateji, stratejik iş birliği.

Kaynakça

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