İslami Bankacılık, Yenilenebilir-Yenilenemez Enerji ile Ekonomik Büyümenin Çevre Kalitesi Üzerindeki Rolü: Seçilmiş Ülkeler İçin LCC Hipotezinin Test Edilmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 106 - 131

Tolga Ergün

Öz

Finans sektörü enerji kaynaklarının yatırıma dönüştürülmesinde finansman sağlayıcı konumundadır. Son yıllarda finans sektörü içinde geleneksel bankacılığa alternatif olarak hızlı gelişim gösteren İslami bankacılık sektörü çevre dostu projelerin finansmanında önemli rol üstlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada çevresel kalite üzerinde İslami bankacılığın etkisinin yük faktörü eğrisi (LCC) hipotezi kapsamında araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda kurulan araştırma modelinde bağımlı değişken olarak çevre kalitesi göstergesini ifade eden yük kapasitesi faktörü (LCF) kullanılmıştır. İslami bankacılık varlıkları, öz sermaye kârlılığı, yenilenebilir-yenilenemez enerji ile kişi başı reel gayri safi yurt içi hâsıla bağımsız değişkenler olarak modelde ele alınmıştır. Çalışma İslami bankacılık alanında önde gelen Türkiye, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri, Kuveyt, Pakistan ve Endonezya ülkeleri üzerinde yapılmıştır. Beş ülkeye ait 2013-2022 arasındaki 10 yıllık veriler panel veri analizi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda LCC hipotezinin analiz edilen ülkeler için geçerli olduğu saptanmıştır. Yük kapasitesi faktörü üzerinde İslami bankacılık varlıklarının pozitif yönde etkisi olduğu ancak öz sermaye kârlılığının ise negatif yönlü bir etki oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan, analiz edilen ülkelerde yenilenebilir enerji ile yenilenemez enerji tüketiminin, yük kapasitesi faktörünü negatif yönde etkilediği ortaya koyulmuştur. Sonuç olarak, analiz edilen ülkelerde birincil enerji kaynakları yerine temiz enerji yatırımları için uygun maliyetle ve kolay erişimle daha fazla finansman sağlanarak yenilenebilir enerji kullanımının teşvik edilmesi ve yaygın hale getirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İslami Finans, İslami Bankacılık, Yenilenebilir-Yenilenemez Enerji, Yük Kapasitesi Faktörü, Panel Veri Analizi.

The Role of Islamic Banking, Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy and Economic Growth on Environmental Quality: Testing the LCC Hypothesis for Selected Countries

Öz

The financial sector is a provider of finance in the transformation of energy resources into investments. In recent years, the Islamic banking sector, which has developed rapidly as an alternative to conventional banking in the financial sector, has played an important role in financing environmentally friendly projects. In this context, the study aims to investigate the impact of Islamic banking on environmental quality under the load factor curve (LCC) hypothesis. In this direction, the load capacity factor (LCF), which is the indicator of environmental quality, was used as the dependent variable in the established research model. Islamic banking assets, return on equity, renewable/non-renewable energy and real gross domestic product per capita were considered as independent variables in the model. The study was conducted in Türkiye, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Pakistan and Indonesia, which are among the leading countries in Islamic banking. The 10-year data between 2013-2022 of five countries was examined with a panel data analysis. As a result of the study, it was found that the LCC hypothesis is valid for the countries studied. It was found that Islamic banks' assets had a positive effect on the load capacity factor, but return on equity had a negative effect. On the other hand, the consumption of renewable energy and non-renewable energy was found to have a negative effect on the load capacity factor in the analyzed countries. Therefore, it is necessary to promote and spread the use of renewable energy by providing more financing with affordable costs and easy access for investments in clean energy instead of primary energy sources in the analyzed countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Islamic Finance, Islamic Banking, Renewable-Non-Renewable Energy, Load Capacity Factor, Panel Data Analysis.

Kaynakça

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