İŞYERİ NEZAKETSİZLİĞİNİN PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYE DÜZEYİNE ETKİSİ: HEMŞİRELER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, yoğun ve stresli çalışma ortamında çalışan hemşirelerin işyerlerinde karşılaştıkları nezaketsiz durumların, birçok örgütsel pozitif davranışlar ile ilişkili olan psikolojik sermaye düzeylerine nasıl etki ettiğinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu araştırmanın örneklemini bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinde çalışan 267 hemşire oluşturdu. Araştırmada örneklem seçimine gidilmemiş olup, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden tüm hemşireler araştırmaya dâhil edildi. Veriler, Şubat-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında geçerlik ve güvenirliği Kutlu ve Bilgin tarafından yapılan, Cronbach Alpha katsayısı .90 olan “İşyeri Nezaketsizlik Ölçeği” (12 ifade) ile geçerlik ve güvenirliği Oruç tarafından yapılan, Cronbach Alpha katsayısı .93 olan “Psikolojik Sermaye Ölçeği” (12 ifade) ve hemşirelerin sosyodemografik (9 ifade) özelliklerini içeren toplam 33 maddelik anket formu ile toplandı. Araştırma öncesi gerekli tüm izinler alındı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatiksel yöntemlerin yanı sıra ANOVA, t testi ve regresyon analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin %72.4’ü kadın, yaş ortalamaları 33.77±5.33, %67.7’si evli ve %70.8’i lisans mezunu olduğu belirlendi. Her iki ölçekte erkeklerin puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Yaşları ve nezaket düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Eğitim durumları ile psikolojik sermaye düzeyleri arasında da anlamlı bir fark saptandı (p<0.05). Ayrıca işyeri nezaketsizliğinin, psikolojik sermaye düzeyini negatif yönde etkilediği belirlendi (p<0.05). Sonuç: Bu araştırmada, işyeri nezaketsizliğinin artmasının, hemşirelerin psikolojik sermaye düzeylerini düşürdüğü sonucuna varıldı. Ayrıca hemşirelerin eğitim düzeyleri düştükçe karşılaştıkları iş yeri nezaketsizliğinin arttığı, eğitim seviyelerinin yükseldikçe psikolojik sermaye düzeylerinin arttığı sonucuna ulaşıldı. Bu doğrultuda, hemşirelerin işyerinde nezaketsizliği arttıran nedenlerin belirlenmesi, özellikle yönetici hemşirelere ve diğer çalışanlara bu konuda eğitimler verilmesi, kurum sosyalliğinin arttırılması ile psikolojik sermaye düzeylerinin artabileceği sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemşire
• İş yeri
• Organizasyon ve yönetim
• Psikolojik
• Yönetim hemşireliği araştırması

THE EFFECT OF WORKPLACE INCIVILITY ON PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL LEVEL: A STUDY ON NURSES

Öz

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine how the incivility situations encountered by nurses working in a busy and stressful work environment affect their psychological capital levels, which are associated with many organizational positive behaviors. Method: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 267 nurses working in a training and research hospital. No sample selection was made in the study, and all nurses who agreed to participate in the study were included in the study. The data were collected from the “Workplace Incivility Scale” (12 statements) with a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of .90, validity and reliability made by Kutlu and Bilgin between February and April 2021, and the “Psychological Capital Scale” with a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of .93, validity and reliability of which was made by Oruç. It was collected with a 33 item questionnaire form including (12 statements) and sociodemographic (9 statements) characteristics of nurses. All necessary permissions were obtained before the research. In the evaluation of the data, ANOVA, t test and regression analysis were used as well as descriptive statistical methods. Results: It was determined that 72.4% of the nurses participating in the study were female, their average age was 33.77±5.33, 67.7% were married and 70.8% had a bachelor's degree. It was determined that the mean scores of men on both scales were higher. It was determined that there was a significant difference between their ages and kindness levels (p<0.05). There was also a significant difference between educational status and psychological capital levels (p<0.05). In addition, it was determined that workplace incivility negatively affected the level of psychological capital (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that increasing workplace incivility reduces nurses' psychological capital levels. In addition, it was concluded that as the education level of the nurses decreased, the workplace incivility they encountered increased, and the level of psychological capital increased as the education level increased. In this direction, it has been concluded that the psychological capital levels of nurses can increase by determining the reasons that increase incivility in the workplace, providing trainings to manager nurses and other employees on this subject, and increasing the sociality of the institution

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nurse
• Work place
• Organization and administration
• Psychological
• Administrative nursing research

Kaynakça

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