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Factors Affecting Life Expectancy at Birth: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis Approach

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 275 - 289

Murat Konca

Öz

This study examined the factors affecting life expectancy at birth through dynamic panel data analysis techniques. The explanatory variables of the study were; per capita income, number of physicians, higher education graduate ratio, and greenhouse gas emissions. According to the analysis results, per capita income and higher education graduate ratio significantly increased life expectancy at birth (p<0.05); while greenhouse gas emissions significantly decreased (p<0.05). It is thought that the results obtained from this study can guide political decision-makers to improve life expectancy at birth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Life expectancy at birth dynamic panel data analysis Arellano and Bond

Kaynakça

  • Aanegola, R., Sakai, S. N. ve Kumar, N. (2022). Longitudinal analysis of the determinants of life expectancy and healthy life expectancy: A causal approach. Healthcare Analytics, (2), 100028.
  • Abbas, H. S. M., Azhar, A. ve Gul, A. A. (2024). Impact of environmental and economic determinants on life expectancy: a sustainable development exploration in Sino-Pak from 1965 to 2020. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 23(1), 40-56.
  • Abubakari, M., Owoob, N. S. ve Nketiah-Amponsah, E. (2019). Socio-economic determinants of life expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ghanaian Journal of Economics, 7(1), 156-177.
  • Amuka, J. I., Asogwa, F. O., Ugwuanyi, R. O., Omeje, A. N. ve Onyechi, T. (2018). Climate change and life expectancy in a developing country: evidence from greenhouse gas (CO2) emission in Nigeria. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 8(4), 113.
  • Țarcă, V., Țarcă, E. ve Moscalu, M. (2024). Social and Economic Determinants of Life Expectancy at Birth in Eastern Europe. Healthcare, 12(11), 1-15.
  • Arellano, M. ve Bond, S. (1991). Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations. The review of economic studies, 58(2), 277-297.
  • Arellano, M. ve Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models. Journal of econometrics, 68(1), 29-51.
  • Awad, A. ve Yussof, I. (2016). Democracy and human development nexus: The african experience. Journal of Economic Cooperation & Development, 37(2), 1.
  • Aydın, B. (2020). The impact of economic indicators on life expectancy: A panel data analysis. Istanbul Journal of Economics, 70(1), 163-181.
  • Azam, M. ve Adeleye, B. N. (2024). Impact of carbon emissions sources on life expectancy in Asia and the Pacific region. Natural Resources Forum, 48(1), 35-57.
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, Third Edition, England: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Bhutto, N. A., Chang, B. H., Adeel, S., Seelro, A. D. ve Qureshi, M. U. (2023). Global warming, economic development and their impact on the life expectancy: An empirical evidence from Pakistan. Studies of Applied Economics, 41(1).
  • Blum, H.L. (1974). Planning for Health: Development and Application of Social Change Theory, New York: Human Sciences Press.
  • Blundell, R. ve S. Bond, (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models, Journal of Econometrics, (87), 115–143.
  • Bond, S., Hoeffler, A. ve Temple, J. (2001). GMM Estimation of Empirical Growth Models https://www.nuff.ox.ac.uk/Economics/papers/2001/w21/bht10.pdf (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • Byaro, M., Nkonoki, J. ve Mayaya, H. (2021). The contribution of trade openness to health outcomes in sub-Saharan African countries: A dynamic panel analysis. Research in Globalization, (3), 100067.
  • Chang, H., Wang, S. ve Wang, Y. (2023). Correlation and Its Changing Characteristics in the Main Belt and Road Countries of Life Expectancy and GDP Per Capita from 1990 to 2020. Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology, (54), 328-334.
  • Chewe, M. ve Hangoma, P. (2020). Drivers of health in sub-Saharan Africa: a dynamic panel analysis. Health Policy Open, (1), 100013.
  • Çetin, M. ve Seker, F. (2014). Ticari Açiklik Ve Finansal Gelişmenin Doğrudan Yabanci Yatirimlar Üzerindeki Etkisi: Oecd Ülkeleri Üzerine Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 28(1), 125-147.
  • Çoban, H. ve Balıkçıoğlu, E. (2016). Triple deficit or twin divergence: A dynamic panel analysis. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 12(1), 271-280.
  • Dion, P., Tremblay, M. A., Gagnon, R. ve Sirag, E. (2024). Life Expectancy at Birth and Infant Mortality Rates of Indigenous Populations in Canada from 2004 to 2016. Canadian Studies in Population, 51(2), 1-36.
  • Feng, C., Wang, H., Lu, N., Chen, T., He, H., Lu, Y., ve Tu, X. M. (2014). Log-transformation and its implications for data analysis. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 26(2), 105-109.
  • Gilligan, A. M. ve Skrepnek, G. H. (2015). Determinants of life expectancy in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Health Policy and Planning, 30(5), 624-637.
  • Guo, A., Ullah, O., Zeb, A., Din, N. U. ve Hussain, S. (2024). Unveiling health dynamics: Exploring the impact of CO2 emissions, urbanization, and renewable energy on life expectancy and infant mortality in SAARC countries (1990–2022). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1477-8947.12460 (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • Hansen, L. P. (1982). Large sample properties of generalized method of moments estimators. Econometrica: Journal of the econometric society, 1029-1054.
  • Hasnawati, S., Usman, M., Elfaki, F. A., Faisol, A. ve Russel, E. (2024). Modeling the Relationship between Life Expectancy, Population Growth, Carbon Dioxide Emission, and GDP Growth in Indonesia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 14(4), 484-500.
  • Hayaloğlu, P. (2015). Kırılgan beşli ülkelerinde finansal gelişme ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Dinamik panel veri analizi. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(1), 131-144.
  • He, L. ve Li, N. (2020). The linkages between life expectancy and economic growth: some new evidence. Empirical Economics, 58(5), 2381-2402.
  • Houweling, T. A., Kunst, A. E., Looman, C. W. ve Mackenbach, J. P. (2005). Determinants of under-5 mortality among the poor and the rich: a cross-national analysis of 43 developing countries. International journal of epidemiology, 34(6), 1257-1265.
  • Immurana, M., Iddrisu, A. A. ve Boachie, M. K. (2021). Does taxation on harmful products influence population health? Evidence from Africa using the dynamic panel system GMM approach. Quality & Quantity, 55(3), 1091-1103.
  • Jebeli, S. S. H., Hadian, M. ve Souresrafil, A. (2019). Study of health resource and health outcomes: Organization of economic corporation and development panel data analysis. Journal of education and health promotion, 8(1), 70.
  • Jha, C. K. (2019). Financial reforms and corruption: Evidence using GMM estimation. International Review of Economics & Finance, (62), 66-78.
  • Jung-Choi, K., Khang, Y. H., Cho, H. J. ve Yun, S. C. (2014). Decomposition of educational differences in life expectancy by age and causes of death among South Korean adults. BMC public health, (14), 1-9.
  • Karyani, A., K., Kazemi, Z., Shaahmadi, F., Arefi, Z. ve Meshkani, Z. (2015). The main determinants of under 5 mortality rate (U5MR) in OECD countries: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Pediatrics, 3(1-2), 421-427.
  • Luy, M., Wegner-Siegmundt, C., Wiedemann, A. ve Spijker, J. (2015). Life expectancy by education, income and occupation in Germany: estimations using the longitudinal survival method. Comparative Population Studies-Zeitschrift für Bevölkerungswissenschaft, 40(4), 339-436.
  • Matthew, O. A., Osabohien, R., Fagbeminiyi, F. ve Fasina, A. (2018). Greenhouse gas emissions and health outcomes in Nigeria: Empirical insight from auto-regressive distribution lag technique. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 8(3), 43-50.
  • Mete, E. (2021). Ekonomik küreselleşme ve işgücü özgürlüğü kapsamında genç işsizliği: Dinamik panel veri analizi. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 9(3), 1012-1020.
  • Miladinov, G. (2020). Socioeconomic development and life expectancy relationship: evidence from the EU accession candidate countries. Genus, 76(1), 2.
  • Novak, A., Čepar, Ž. ve Trunk, A. (2016). The role of expected years of schooling among life expectancy determinants. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 20(1), 85-99.
  • OECD. (2024a). https://www.oecd.org/en/data/indicators/life-expectancy-at-birth.html (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • OECD. (2024b). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?tm=gross%20domestic%20product&pg=0&snb=112&vw=tb&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_REG_ECO%40DF_GDP&df[ag]=OECD.CFE.EDS&df[vs]=2.0&dq=A.CTRY...GDP..V.USD&pd=%2C&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • OECD. (2024c). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?tm=physician&pg=0&snb=14&vw=tb&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_HEALTH_EMP_REAC%40DF_PHYS&df[ag]=OECD.ELS.HD&df[vs]=1.0&dq=..10P3HB.....PA%2BP.&pd=2015%2C2020&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&ly[cl]=TIME_PERIOD&ly[rs]=HEALTH_PROF_ACTIVITY_STATUS&ly[rw]=REF_AREA (Accessed on 12 July 2024) OECD. (2024d). https://www.oecd.org/en/data/indicators/population-with-tertiary-education.html?oecdcontrol-160502821c-var6=25_34 (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • OECD. (2024e) https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?tm=greenhouse&pg=0&snb=24&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AIR_GHG%40DF_AIR_GHG&df[ag]=OECD.ENV.EPI&df[vs]=1.0&dq=.A.GHG._T.KG_CO2E_PS&pd=2014%2C&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • Osabohien, R., Aderemi, T. A., Akindele, D. B. ve Jolayemi, L. B. (2021). Carbon emissions and life expectancy in Nigeria. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 11(1), 497-501.
  • Radmehr, M. ve Adebayo, T. S. (2022). Does health expenditure matter for life expectancy in Mediterranean countries?. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(40), 60314-60326.
  • Regmi, J. (2023) Unraveling the mathematics behind Cobb-Douglas functions, https://jeevanregmi.medium.com/unraveling-the-mathematics-behind-cobb-douglas-functions-9fbf59b37e00 (Accessed on 30 October 2024).
  • Rodriguez-Alvarez, A. (2021). Air pollution and life expectancy in Europe: Does investment in renewable energy matter?. Science of the Total Environment, (792), 148480.
  • Roffia, P., Bucciol, A. ve Hashlamoun, S. (2023). Determinants of life expectancy at birth: A longitudinal study on OECD countries. International Journal of Health Economics and Management, 23(2), 189-212.
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Doğumda Beklenen Yaşam Süresini Etkileyen Faktörler: Bir Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi Yaklaşımı

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 275 - 289

Murat Konca

Öz

Bu çalışmada, dinamik panel veri analizi teknikleri ile doğumda beklenen yaşam süresini etkileyen faktörler araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın açıklayıcı değişkenleri; kişi başına düşen gelir, hekim sayısı, yükseköğrenim mezunu oranı ve sera gazı emisyonudur. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, kişi başına düşen gelir ve yükseköğrenim mezunu oranı, doğumda beklenen yaşam süresini anlamlı şekilde artırmıştır (p<0,05); sera gazı emisyonu ise, anlamlı şekilde azaltmıştır (p<0,05). Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçların doğumda beklenen yaşam süresinde iyileştirme sağlama adına politik karar vericilere yol gösterici olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doğumda beklenen yaşam süresi dinamik panel veri analizi Arellano ve Bond

Destekleyen Kurum

Yoktur.

Teşekkür

Yoktur.

Kaynakça

  • Aanegola, R., Sakai, S. N. ve Kumar, N. (2022). Longitudinal analysis of the determinants of life expectancy and healthy life expectancy: A causal approach. Healthcare Analytics, (2), 100028.
  • Abbas, H. S. M., Azhar, A. ve Gul, A. A. (2024). Impact of environmental and economic determinants on life expectancy: a sustainable development exploration in Sino-Pak from 1965 to 2020. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 23(1), 40-56.
  • Abubakari, M., Owoob, N. S. ve Nketiah-Amponsah, E. (2019). Socio-economic determinants of life expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ghanaian Journal of Economics, 7(1), 156-177.
  • Amuka, J. I., Asogwa, F. O., Ugwuanyi, R. O., Omeje, A. N. ve Onyechi, T. (2018). Climate change and life expectancy in a developing country: evidence from greenhouse gas (CO2) emission in Nigeria. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 8(4), 113.
  • Țarcă, V., Țarcă, E. ve Moscalu, M. (2024). Social and Economic Determinants of Life Expectancy at Birth in Eastern Europe. Healthcare, 12(11), 1-15.
  • Arellano, M. ve Bond, S. (1991). Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations. The review of economic studies, 58(2), 277-297.
  • Arellano, M. ve Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models. Journal of econometrics, 68(1), 29-51.
  • Awad, A. ve Yussof, I. (2016). Democracy and human development nexus: The african experience. Journal of Economic Cooperation & Development, 37(2), 1.
  • Aydın, B. (2020). The impact of economic indicators on life expectancy: A panel data analysis. Istanbul Journal of Economics, 70(1), 163-181.
  • Azam, M. ve Adeleye, B. N. (2024). Impact of carbon emissions sources on life expectancy in Asia and the Pacific region. Natural Resources Forum, 48(1), 35-57.
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, Third Edition, England: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Bhutto, N. A., Chang, B. H., Adeel, S., Seelro, A. D. ve Qureshi, M. U. (2023). Global warming, economic development and their impact on the life expectancy: An empirical evidence from Pakistan. Studies of Applied Economics, 41(1).
  • Blum, H.L. (1974). Planning for Health: Development and Application of Social Change Theory, New York: Human Sciences Press.
  • Blundell, R. ve S. Bond, (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models, Journal of Econometrics, (87), 115–143.
  • Bond, S., Hoeffler, A. ve Temple, J. (2001). GMM Estimation of Empirical Growth Models https://www.nuff.ox.ac.uk/Economics/papers/2001/w21/bht10.pdf (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • Byaro, M., Nkonoki, J. ve Mayaya, H. (2021). The contribution of trade openness to health outcomes in sub-Saharan African countries: A dynamic panel analysis. Research in Globalization, (3), 100067.
  • Chang, H., Wang, S. ve Wang, Y. (2023). Correlation and Its Changing Characteristics in the Main Belt and Road Countries of Life Expectancy and GDP Per Capita from 1990 to 2020. Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology, (54), 328-334.
  • Chewe, M. ve Hangoma, P. (2020). Drivers of health in sub-Saharan Africa: a dynamic panel analysis. Health Policy Open, (1), 100013.
  • Çetin, M. ve Seker, F. (2014). Ticari Açiklik Ve Finansal Gelişmenin Doğrudan Yabanci Yatirimlar Üzerindeki Etkisi: Oecd Ülkeleri Üzerine Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 28(1), 125-147.
  • Çoban, H. ve Balıkçıoğlu, E. (2016). Triple deficit or twin divergence: A dynamic panel analysis. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 12(1), 271-280.
  • Dion, P., Tremblay, M. A., Gagnon, R. ve Sirag, E. (2024). Life Expectancy at Birth and Infant Mortality Rates of Indigenous Populations in Canada from 2004 to 2016. Canadian Studies in Population, 51(2), 1-36.
  • Feng, C., Wang, H., Lu, N., Chen, T., He, H., Lu, Y., ve Tu, X. M. (2014). Log-transformation and its implications for data analysis. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 26(2), 105-109.
  • Gilligan, A. M. ve Skrepnek, G. H. (2015). Determinants of life expectancy in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Health Policy and Planning, 30(5), 624-637.
  • Guo, A., Ullah, O., Zeb, A., Din, N. U. ve Hussain, S. (2024). Unveiling health dynamics: Exploring the impact of CO2 emissions, urbanization, and renewable energy on life expectancy and infant mortality in SAARC countries (1990–2022). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1477-8947.12460 (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • Hansen, L. P. (1982). Large sample properties of generalized method of moments estimators. Econometrica: Journal of the econometric society, 1029-1054.
  • Hasnawati, S., Usman, M., Elfaki, F. A., Faisol, A. ve Russel, E. (2024). Modeling the Relationship between Life Expectancy, Population Growth, Carbon Dioxide Emission, and GDP Growth in Indonesia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 14(4), 484-500.
  • Hayaloğlu, P. (2015). Kırılgan beşli ülkelerinde finansal gelişme ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Dinamik panel veri analizi. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(1), 131-144.
  • He, L. ve Li, N. (2020). The linkages between life expectancy and economic growth: some new evidence. Empirical Economics, 58(5), 2381-2402.
  • Houweling, T. A., Kunst, A. E., Looman, C. W. ve Mackenbach, J. P. (2005). Determinants of under-5 mortality among the poor and the rich: a cross-national analysis of 43 developing countries. International journal of epidemiology, 34(6), 1257-1265.
  • Immurana, M., Iddrisu, A. A. ve Boachie, M. K. (2021). Does taxation on harmful products influence population health? Evidence from Africa using the dynamic panel system GMM approach. Quality & Quantity, 55(3), 1091-1103.
  • Jebeli, S. S. H., Hadian, M. ve Souresrafil, A. (2019). Study of health resource and health outcomes: Organization of economic corporation and development panel data analysis. Journal of education and health promotion, 8(1), 70.
  • Jha, C. K. (2019). Financial reforms and corruption: Evidence using GMM estimation. International Review of Economics & Finance, (62), 66-78.
  • Jung-Choi, K., Khang, Y. H., Cho, H. J. ve Yun, S. C. (2014). Decomposition of educational differences in life expectancy by age and causes of death among South Korean adults. BMC public health, (14), 1-9.
  • Karyani, A., K., Kazemi, Z., Shaahmadi, F., Arefi, Z. ve Meshkani, Z. (2015). The main determinants of under 5 mortality rate (U5MR) in OECD countries: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Pediatrics, 3(1-2), 421-427.
  • Luy, M., Wegner-Siegmundt, C., Wiedemann, A. ve Spijker, J. (2015). Life expectancy by education, income and occupation in Germany: estimations using the longitudinal survival method. Comparative Population Studies-Zeitschrift für Bevölkerungswissenschaft, 40(4), 339-436.
  • Matthew, O. A., Osabohien, R., Fagbeminiyi, F. ve Fasina, A. (2018). Greenhouse gas emissions and health outcomes in Nigeria: Empirical insight from auto-regressive distribution lag technique. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 8(3), 43-50.
  • Mete, E. (2021). Ekonomik küreselleşme ve işgücü özgürlüğü kapsamında genç işsizliği: Dinamik panel veri analizi. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 9(3), 1012-1020.
  • Miladinov, G. (2020). Socioeconomic development and life expectancy relationship: evidence from the EU accession candidate countries. Genus, 76(1), 2.
  • Novak, A., Čepar, Ž. ve Trunk, A. (2016). The role of expected years of schooling among life expectancy determinants. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 20(1), 85-99.
  • OECD. (2024a). https://www.oecd.org/en/data/indicators/life-expectancy-at-birth.html (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • OECD. (2024b). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?tm=gross%20domestic%20product&pg=0&snb=112&vw=tb&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_REG_ECO%40DF_GDP&df[ag]=OECD.CFE.EDS&df[vs]=2.0&dq=A.CTRY...GDP..V.USD&pd=%2C&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • OECD. (2024c). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?tm=physician&pg=0&snb=14&vw=tb&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_HEALTH_EMP_REAC%40DF_PHYS&df[ag]=OECD.ELS.HD&df[vs]=1.0&dq=..10P3HB.....PA%2BP.&pd=2015%2C2020&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false&ly[cl]=TIME_PERIOD&ly[rs]=HEALTH_PROF_ACTIVITY_STATUS&ly[rw]=REF_AREA (Accessed on 12 July 2024) OECD. (2024d). https://www.oecd.org/en/data/indicators/population-with-tertiary-education.html?oecdcontrol-160502821c-var6=25_34 (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • OECD. (2024e) https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?tm=greenhouse&pg=0&snb=24&df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_AIR_GHG%40DF_AIR_GHG&df[ag]=OECD.ENV.EPI&df[vs]=1.0&dq=.A.GHG._T.KG_CO2E_PS&pd=2014%2C&to[TIME_PERIOD]=false (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
  • Osabohien, R., Aderemi, T. A., Akindele, D. B. ve Jolayemi, L. B. (2021). Carbon emissions and life expectancy in Nigeria. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 11(1), 497-501.
  • Radmehr, M. ve Adebayo, T. S. (2022). Does health expenditure matter for life expectancy in Mediterranean countries?. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(40), 60314-60326.
  • Regmi, J. (2023) Unraveling the mathematics behind Cobb-Douglas functions, https://jeevanregmi.medium.com/unraveling-the-mathematics-behind-cobb-douglas-functions-9fbf59b37e00 (Accessed on 30 October 2024).
  • Rodriguez-Alvarez, A. (2021). Air pollution and life expectancy in Europe: Does investment in renewable energy matter?. Science of the Total Environment, (792), 148480.
  • Roffia, P., Bucciol, A. ve Hashlamoun, S. (2023). Determinants of life expectancy at birth: A longitudinal study on OECD countries. International Journal of Health Economics and Management, 23(2), 189-212.
  • Roodman, D. (2009). How to do xtabond2: An introduction to difference and system GMM in Stata. The stata journal, 9(1), 86-136.
  • Sasanipour, M. (2024). Disparities in life expectancy at birth: A comparative study of Iran and MENA region countries. Journal of Population Association of Iran, 18(36), 405-443.
  • Spoerri, A., Schmidlin, K., Richter, M., Egger, M. ve Clough-Gorr, K. M. (2014). Individual and spousal education, mortality and life expectancy in Switzerland: a national cohort study. J Epidemiol Community Health, 68(9), 804-810.
  • Swift, R. (2011). The relationship between health and GDP in OECD countries in the very long run. Health economics, 20(3), 306-322.
  • Taş, S., Atılgan, D. ve İspir, T. (2023). OECD Ülkelerinde Sera Gazı Salınımı ve Sağlık Harcamaları İlişkisi: Yatay Kesit Bağımlılığı Altında Panel Veri Analizi. Journal of Economics and Research, 4(1), 48-60.
  • Van Bon, N. (2015). The effects of public debt on inflation in developing economies of Asia: An empirical evidence based on panel differenced GMM regression and PMG estimation. The Empirical Economics Letters, 14(4), 1-20.
  • Varbanova, V., Hens, N. ve Beutels, P. (2023). Determinants of life-expectancy and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in European and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries: A longitudinal analysis (1990–2019). SSM-Population Health, (24), 1-14.
  • Warsame, A. A. (2023). Environmental pollution and life expectancy in Somalia: do renewable energy, urbanization, and economic growth matter?. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(51), 110528-110538.
  • Waziri, S. I., Nor, N. M., Abdullah, N. M. R. ve Adamu, P. (2016). Effect of the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and the life expectancy rate on economic growth in SSA countries: Difference GMM approach. Global Journal of Health Science, 8(4), 212.
  • Windmeijer, F. (2005). A finite sample correction for the variance of linear efficient two-step GMM estimators. Journal of econometrics, 126(1), 25-51.
  • Wooldridge, J.M. (2010). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, Second Edition, Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Yadav, P. K. ve Yadav, S. (2024). Subnational estimates of life expectancy at birth in India: evidence from NFHS and SRS data. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 1-18.
  • Yetim, B., Demirci, Ş., Konca, M., İlgün, G. ve Çilhoroz, Y. (2021). Türkiye’de bebek ölüm hızının sosyoekonomik belirleyicileri. Sosyoekonomi, 29(47), 367-381.
  • You, W. ve Donnelly, F. (2022). Physician care access plays a significant role in extending global and regional life expectancy. European Journal of Internal Medicine, (103), 62-68.
  • You, W. ve Donnelly, F. (2023). Although in shortage, nursing workforce is still a significant contributor to life expectancy at birth. Public health nursing, 40(2), 229-242.
  • Zimmerman, E. ve Woolf, S.H. (2014). https://www.nam.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/BPH-UnderstandingTheRelationship1.pdf (Accessed on 12 July 2024)
Toplam 64 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Politika ve Yönetim (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Murat Konca 0000-0002-6830-8090

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 25 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Temmuz 2024
Kabul Tarihi 10 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Konca, M. (2024). Doğumda Beklenen Yaşam Süresini Etkileyen Faktörler: Bir Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi Yaklaşımı. Ekonomi İşletme Siyaset Ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 10(2), 275-289.
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