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İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 275 - 335, 19.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.62124/kluhfd.1801104

Öz

İklim değişikliği karşısında hakları tehlikede olan çocuklar, son yıllarda haklarının ihlal edildiğinden bahisle uluslararası insan hakları mekanizmalarına başvurularda bulunmaktadırlar. Çocuklar, iklim değişikliğinin zararlı etkilerine karşı yetişkinlere nazaran daha savunmasız olmakla birlikte yetişkinlerden çok daha uzun bir süre bu zararlı etkilere maruz kalma tehlikesi altındadırlar. Yakın zamanda Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuk Hakları Komitesi tarafından iklim değişikliği özelinde çocuk hakları ve çevre hakkında 26 Sayılı genel yorum yayımlanmıştır. Anılan genel yorum, iklim değişikliğinin çocukların haklarından yararlanmalarını engellemesi sebebiyle devletlerin bu hususta yerine getirmeleri gereken yükümlülükleri somutlaştırmak açısından yol göstericidir. Komite tarafından yayımlanan genel yorumlar hukuki olarak bağlayıcılığa sahip olmasa da uluslararası hukuk çerçevesindeki yumuşak hukuku meydana getiren belgeler olması sebebiyle gelecekteki emredici hukuk kurallarının oluşturulması açısından önemlidir. Çalışmamızda, iklim değişikliği ve çocuk hakları arasındaki bağlantıyı somutlaştıran 26 sayılı genel yorumda belirtilen devlet yükümlülüklerinin gerçekleştirilmesi hususunda Türkiye’deki hukuki boşlukları ve engelleri belirlemek amaçlanmaktadır. Ardından, Türkiye için belirlenen bu hukuki boşlukların doldurulması ve engellerin aşılması üzerine önerilerde bulunulacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Alçık M, ‘Koruma/Özerklik Dengesinde Çocuğun Dinlenilme Hakkı ve Mahkemeye Erişimi’ iç Şafak Evran Topuzkanamış (ed), İnsan Haklarında Buluşmak (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2022).
  • Alçık Engürülü M, ‘AİHM’in Çevre İçtihadının İklim Değişikliği Davalarına Uygulanabilirliği’, (2023) 72(3) Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 1007, 1054.
  • Alçık Engürülü M, Çevresel Halk Katılımının Bir Aracı Olarak Yargı (Yetkin Yayınları 2024).
  • Algan M, Anayasa Hukukunda Çocuk Hakları (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2021).
  • Alston P, Mégret F, ‘Introduction Appraising the United Nations Human Rights Regime’ iç Frédéric Mégret and Philip Alston (edr), The United Nations and Human Rights A Critical Appraisal, (Second Edition, Oxford University Press 2020).
  • Arts K, ‘Children’s Rights and Climate Change’ iç Claire Fenton-Glynn (ed), Children's Rights and Sustainable Development: Interpreting the UNCRC for Future Generations (Cambridge University Press 2019).
  • Atılgan Pazvantoğlu C, ‘Yumuşak Hukuk Tartışmaları Çerçevesinde BM İş Dünyası ve İnsan Hakları Rehber İlkeleri’nin Değerlendirilmesi’, (2021) 27(2) Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi 1131, 1155.
  • Bakker C, ‘Climate Change and Children’s Rights’ iç Jonathan Todres and Shani M. King (edr), The Oxford Handbook of Children’s Rights (Oxford University Press, 2020).
  • Boyar O, ‘Devletin Pozitif Yükümlülükleri ve Dolaylı Yan Etki’ iç Sibel İnceoğlu (ed), İnsan Hakları Avrupa Sözleşmesi ve Anayasa, Anayasa Mahkemesine Bireysel Başvuru Kapsamında Bir İnceleme (Avrupa Konseyi, 2013).
  • Düwell M, Bos G, ‘Why’Rights’ of Future People?’ iç Marcus Düwel, Gerhard Bos and Naomi Van Steenbergen (edr), Towards the Ethics of a Green Future the Theory and Practice of Human Rights for Future People, (Routhledge 2018) 9, 27.
  • Evans C, ‘Introduction Appraising the United Nations Human Rights Regime’ iç Frédéric Mégret and Philip Alston (edr), The United Nations and Human Rights a Critical Appraisal (Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 2020).
  • Gosseries A, ‘On Future Generations’ Future Rights’ (2008) 16 Journal of Political Philosophy 446, 474.
  • Herstein O J, ‘The Identity and (Legal) Rights of Future Generations’ (2009) 77 5/6 The George Washington Law Review 1173, 1215.
  • Horn L, ‘Climate Change Litigation Actions for Future Generations’ (2008) 25 Environment and Planning Law Journal 115-135.
  • Köybaşı S, İklim Değişikliğine Karşı Yeşil Anayasalcılık (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2023).
  • Köybaşı S, Özkardeş N, ‘İnsan Hakları Çerçevesinde İklim Değişikliğinden Meydana Gelecek Felaketlerden İdarenin Sorumluluğu’ (2025) 83(3) İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 1228, 1266.
  • Lewis B, Environmental Human Rights and Climate Change Current Status and Future Prospects (Springer 2018). Lewis B, ‘Human Rights Duties Towards Future Generations and The Potential for Achieving Climate Justice’ (2016) 34(3) Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 206, 226.
  • Liefaard T, ‘Access to Justice The Children: Towards a Specific Research and Implementation Agenda’, (2019) 27(2) The International Journal of Human Rights 195, 217.
  • Nolan A, ‘Children and Future Generations Rights Before the Courts: The Vexed Question of Definitions’ (2024) 13(3) Transnational Environmental Law 522, 546.
  • Parker L, Mestre J, Jodoin S and Wewerinke-Singh M, ‘When the Kids Put Climate Change on Trial: Youth-Focused Rights-Based Climate Litigation Around the World’, (2022) 13(1) Journal of Human Rights and The Environment 64, 89.
  • Ruppel-Schlichting K, Human S and Ruppel OC, ‘Climate Change and Children’s Rights: An International Law Perspective’ iç Oliver C. Ruppel, Christian Roschmann and Katharina Ruppel-Schlichting (edr), Climate Change: International Law and Global Governance, (Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 2013) 349, 378.
  • Sanz-Caballero S, ‘Children’s Rights in A Changing Climate: A Perspective from The United Nations Convention on The Rights of The Child’, (2013)13 Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics 1, 14.
  • Skogly S I, ‘The Right to Continuous Improvement of Living Conditions and Human Rights of Future Generations - A Circle Impossible to Square?’ iç Jessie Hohmann and Beth Goldblatt (edr), The Right to the Coninuous Improvement of Living Conditions (Hart Publishing 2021) 147, 163.
  • Solakoğlu Sayarlıoğlu C, ‘İklim Değişikliği ve Çocuk Hakları’ iç Türkân Yalçın (ed), Çocuk Yazıları (Savaş Yayınevi 2022).
  • Swinkels M, de Vette O, Toom V, ‘Future Design in the Public Policy Process: Giving a Voice to Future Generations’ (2025) Policy Studies 1,21.
  • Yüksel C, ‘İklim Değişikliği ile Mücadelede Bir Araç Olarak Uluslararası İnsan Hakları Hukuku’, (2022) 10(2) Ceza Hukuku ve Kriminolojisi Dergisi 339, 366.
  • İnternet Kaynakları
  • Araújo, R, Koessler, L, ‘The Rise of the Constitutional Protection of Future Generations’, (VerfBlog August 2022) <https://verfassungsblog.de/the-rise-of-the-constitutional-protection-of-future-generations/> Son Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2025.
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  • Maastricht Principles on The Human Rights of Future Generations, <https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/new-york/events/hr75-future-generations/Maastricht-Principles-on-The-Human-Rights-of-Future-Generations.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığı, ‘Çevre Eğitimi ve İklim Değişikliği Dersi Öğretim Planı’ <https://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay.aspx?PID=1143> Son Erişim Tarihi:09.09.2025.
  • Nolan A, ‘General Comment No.26 on Children and the Environment – A Milestone in International Human Rights Law?’, (EJIL:Talk!, Septembre 2023) <www.ejiltalk.org/general-comment-no-26-on-children-and-the-environment-a-milestone-in-international-human-rights-law/> Son Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2025.
  • Nolan A, ‘The Children are the Future - Or Not? Exploring The Complexities of the Relationship between the Rights of Children and Future Generations’, (EJIL:Talk!, May 2022) <https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-children-are-the-future-or-not-exploring-the-complexities-of-the-relationship-between-the-rights-of-children-and-future-generations/> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Statement on human rights and climate change, Joint statement / by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, the Committee on the Rights of the Child and the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, <https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3871313> Son Erişim Tarihi:19.08.2023.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı, ‘2023-2028 Türkiye Çocuk Hakları Strateji Belgesi ve Eylem Planı’, https://www.aile.gov.tr/media/132816/turkiye-c-ocuk-haklari-strateji-belgesi-ve-eylem-plani-2023-2028-dijital.pdf Son Erişim Tarihi:09.09.2025.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, İklim Değişikliği Eylem Planı 2011-2023, <https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/iklim/editordosya/file/eylem%20planlari/Iklim%20Degisikligi%20Eylem%20Plani_TR.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, İklim Değişikliği, Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2024-2030), <https://iklim.gov.tr/db/turkce/icerikler/files/Iklim%20Degisikligine%20Uyum%20Stratejisi%20ve%20Eylem%20Planı.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, <https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:07.06.2025.
  • United Nations, General Comment 26, ‘Report of The First Children and young People’s Consultation September 2022’, <https://childrightsenvironment.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Report-of-the-first-Children-and-Young-Peoples-Consultation.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.08.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘The Impacts of Climate Change on The Human Rights of People in Vulnerable Situations’, A/HRC/50/57, <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G22/336/00/PDF/G2233600.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:05.09.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘Analytical study on the relationship between climate change and the full and effective enjoyment of the rights of the child’ <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G17/110/91/pdf/G1711091.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:29.06.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘Report of The Special Rapporteur on The Issue of Human Rights Obligations Relating to The Enjoyment of a Safe, Clean, Healthy and Sustainable Environment’ <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G18/017/29/PDF/G1801729.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:01.07.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 36 (2018) on Article 6 of The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, on The Right to Life, Adopted by the Committee at its 124th session (8 October to 2 November 2018), < https://www.refworld.org/docid/5e5e75e04.html> Son Erişim Tarihi:07.09.2025.
  • United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘General Comment No. 26 on Children’s Rights and The Environment, With a Special Focus on Climate Change’ < https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4019010?ln=fr> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.08.2025. United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘General measures of implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (arts. 4, 42 and 44, para. 6)’, CRC/GC/2003/5, <https://docs.un.org/en/CRC/GC/2003/5> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.09.2025.
  • United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘Concluding Observations on the Combined Fourth and Fifth Periodic Reports of Türkiye’ CRC/C/TUR/CO/4-5 < https://docs.un.org/en/CRC/C/TUR/CO/4-5> Son Erişim Tarihi: 09.09.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Committee ‘Views adopted by the Committee under article 5 (4) of the Optional Protocol, Concerning Communication No. 3624/2019’ <https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CCPR%2fC%2f135%2fD%2f3624%2f2019&Lang=en> Son Erişim Tarihi 23.09.2025.
  • Weiss E B, ‘Intergenerational equity’, in Anne Peters and Rüdiger Wolfrum (edr), The Max Planck Encyclopaedia of Public International Law, <https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e1421> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 275 - 335, 19.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.62124/kluhfd.1801104

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Alçık M, ‘Koruma/Özerklik Dengesinde Çocuğun Dinlenilme Hakkı ve Mahkemeye Erişimi’ iç Şafak Evran Topuzkanamış (ed), İnsan Haklarında Buluşmak (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2022).
  • Alçık Engürülü M, ‘AİHM’in Çevre İçtihadının İklim Değişikliği Davalarına Uygulanabilirliği’, (2023) 72(3) Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 1007, 1054.
  • Alçık Engürülü M, Çevresel Halk Katılımının Bir Aracı Olarak Yargı (Yetkin Yayınları 2024).
  • Algan M, Anayasa Hukukunda Çocuk Hakları (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2021).
  • Alston P, Mégret F, ‘Introduction Appraising the United Nations Human Rights Regime’ iç Frédéric Mégret and Philip Alston (edr), The United Nations and Human Rights A Critical Appraisal, (Second Edition, Oxford University Press 2020).
  • Arts K, ‘Children’s Rights and Climate Change’ iç Claire Fenton-Glynn (ed), Children's Rights and Sustainable Development: Interpreting the UNCRC for Future Generations (Cambridge University Press 2019).
  • Atılgan Pazvantoğlu C, ‘Yumuşak Hukuk Tartışmaları Çerçevesinde BM İş Dünyası ve İnsan Hakları Rehber İlkeleri’nin Değerlendirilmesi’, (2021) 27(2) Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi 1131, 1155.
  • Bakker C, ‘Climate Change and Children’s Rights’ iç Jonathan Todres and Shani M. King (edr), The Oxford Handbook of Children’s Rights (Oxford University Press, 2020).
  • Boyar O, ‘Devletin Pozitif Yükümlülükleri ve Dolaylı Yan Etki’ iç Sibel İnceoğlu (ed), İnsan Hakları Avrupa Sözleşmesi ve Anayasa, Anayasa Mahkemesine Bireysel Başvuru Kapsamında Bir İnceleme (Avrupa Konseyi, 2013).
  • Düwell M, Bos G, ‘Why’Rights’ of Future People?’ iç Marcus Düwel, Gerhard Bos and Naomi Van Steenbergen (edr), Towards the Ethics of a Green Future the Theory and Practice of Human Rights for Future People, (Routhledge 2018) 9, 27.
  • Evans C, ‘Introduction Appraising the United Nations Human Rights Regime’ iç Frédéric Mégret and Philip Alston (edr), The United Nations and Human Rights a Critical Appraisal (Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 2020).
  • Gosseries A, ‘On Future Generations’ Future Rights’ (2008) 16 Journal of Political Philosophy 446, 474.
  • Herstein O J, ‘The Identity and (Legal) Rights of Future Generations’ (2009) 77 5/6 The George Washington Law Review 1173, 1215.
  • Horn L, ‘Climate Change Litigation Actions for Future Generations’ (2008) 25 Environment and Planning Law Journal 115-135.
  • Köybaşı S, İklim Değişikliğine Karşı Yeşil Anayasalcılık (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2023).
  • Köybaşı S, Özkardeş N, ‘İnsan Hakları Çerçevesinde İklim Değişikliğinden Meydana Gelecek Felaketlerden İdarenin Sorumluluğu’ (2025) 83(3) İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 1228, 1266.
  • Lewis B, Environmental Human Rights and Climate Change Current Status and Future Prospects (Springer 2018). Lewis B, ‘Human Rights Duties Towards Future Generations and The Potential for Achieving Climate Justice’ (2016) 34(3) Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 206, 226.
  • Liefaard T, ‘Access to Justice The Children: Towards a Specific Research and Implementation Agenda’, (2019) 27(2) The International Journal of Human Rights 195, 217.
  • Nolan A, ‘Children and Future Generations Rights Before the Courts: The Vexed Question of Definitions’ (2024) 13(3) Transnational Environmental Law 522, 546.
  • Parker L, Mestre J, Jodoin S and Wewerinke-Singh M, ‘When the Kids Put Climate Change on Trial: Youth-Focused Rights-Based Climate Litigation Around the World’, (2022) 13(1) Journal of Human Rights and The Environment 64, 89.
  • Ruppel-Schlichting K, Human S and Ruppel OC, ‘Climate Change and Children’s Rights: An International Law Perspective’ iç Oliver C. Ruppel, Christian Roschmann and Katharina Ruppel-Schlichting (edr), Climate Change: International Law and Global Governance, (Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 2013) 349, 378.
  • Sanz-Caballero S, ‘Children’s Rights in A Changing Climate: A Perspective from The United Nations Convention on The Rights of The Child’, (2013)13 Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics 1, 14.
  • Skogly S I, ‘The Right to Continuous Improvement of Living Conditions and Human Rights of Future Generations - A Circle Impossible to Square?’ iç Jessie Hohmann and Beth Goldblatt (edr), The Right to the Coninuous Improvement of Living Conditions (Hart Publishing 2021) 147, 163.
  • Solakoğlu Sayarlıoğlu C, ‘İklim Değişikliği ve Çocuk Hakları’ iç Türkân Yalçın (ed), Çocuk Yazıları (Savaş Yayınevi 2022).
  • Swinkels M, de Vette O, Toom V, ‘Future Design in the Public Policy Process: Giving a Voice to Future Generations’ (2025) Policy Studies 1,21.
  • Yüksel C, ‘İklim Değişikliği ile Mücadelede Bir Araç Olarak Uluslararası İnsan Hakları Hukuku’, (2022) 10(2) Ceza Hukuku ve Kriminolojisi Dergisi 339, 366.
  • İnternet Kaynakları
  • Araújo, R, Koessler, L, ‘The Rise of the Constitutional Protection of Future Generations’, (VerfBlog August 2022) <https://verfassungsblog.de/the-rise-of-the-constitutional-protection-of-future-generations/> Son Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2025.
  • Constitute Project, https://www.constituteproject.org/constitutions?lang=en&q=future%20generations&status=in_force Son Erişim Tarihi:13.11.2025.
  • Maastricht Principles on The Human Rights of Future Generations, <https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/new-york/events/hr75-future-generations/Maastricht-Principles-on-The-Human-Rights-of-Future-Generations.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığı, ‘Çevre Eğitimi ve İklim Değişikliği Dersi Öğretim Planı’ <https://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay.aspx?PID=1143> Son Erişim Tarihi:09.09.2025.
  • Nolan A, ‘General Comment No.26 on Children and the Environment – A Milestone in International Human Rights Law?’, (EJIL:Talk!, Septembre 2023) <www.ejiltalk.org/general-comment-no-26-on-children-and-the-environment-a-milestone-in-international-human-rights-law/> Son Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2025.
  • Nolan A, ‘The Children are the Future - Or Not? Exploring The Complexities of the Relationship between the Rights of Children and Future Generations’, (EJIL:Talk!, May 2022) <https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-children-are-the-future-or-not-exploring-the-complexities-of-the-relationship-between-the-rights-of-children-and-future-generations/> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Statement on human rights and climate change, Joint statement / by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, the Committee on the Rights of the Child and the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, <https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3871313> Son Erişim Tarihi:19.08.2023.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı, ‘2023-2028 Türkiye Çocuk Hakları Strateji Belgesi ve Eylem Planı’, https://www.aile.gov.tr/media/132816/turkiye-c-ocuk-haklari-strateji-belgesi-ve-eylem-plani-2023-2028-dijital.pdf Son Erişim Tarihi:09.09.2025.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, İklim Değişikliği Eylem Planı 2011-2023, <https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/iklim/editordosya/file/eylem%20planlari/Iklim%20Degisikligi%20Eylem%20Plani_TR.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, İklim Değişikliği, Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2024-2030), <https://iklim.gov.tr/db/turkce/icerikler/files/Iklim%20Degisikligine%20Uyum%20Stratejisi%20ve%20Eylem%20Planı.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, <https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:07.06.2025.
  • United Nations, General Comment 26, ‘Report of The First Children and young People’s Consultation September 2022’, <https://childrightsenvironment.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Report-of-the-first-Children-and-Young-Peoples-Consultation.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.08.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘The Impacts of Climate Change on The Human Rights of People in Vulnerable Situations’, A/HRC/50/57, <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G22/336/00/PDF/G2233600.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:05.09.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘Analytical study on the relationship between climate change and the full and effective enjoyment of the rights of the child’ <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G17/110/91/pdf/G1711091.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:29.06.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘Report of The Special Rapporteur on The Issue of Human Rights Obligations Relating to The Enjoyment of a Safe, Clean, Healthy and Sustainable Environment’ <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G18/017/29/PDF/G1801729.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:01.07.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 36 (2018) on Article 6 of The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, on The Right to Life, Adopted by the Committee at its 124th session (8 October to 2 November 2018), < https://www.refworld.org/docid/5e5e75e04.html> Son Erişim Tarihi:07.09.2025.
  • United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘General Comment No. 26 on Children’s Rights and The Environment, With a Special Focus on Climate Change’ < https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4019010?ln=fr> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.08.2025. United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘General measures of implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (arts. 4, 42 and 44, para. 6)’, CRC/GC/2003/5, <https://docs.un.org/en/CRC/GC/2003/5> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.09.2025.
  • United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘Concluding Observations on the Combined Fourth and Fifth Periodic Reports of Türkiye’ CRC/C/TUR/CO/4-5 < https://docs.un.org/en/CRC/C/TUR/CO/4-5> Son Erişim Tarihi: 09.09.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Committee ‘Views adopted by the Committee under article 5 (4) of the Optional Protocol, Concerning Communication No. 3624/2019’ <https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CCPR%2fC%2f135%2fD%2f3624%2f2019&Lang=en> Son Erişim Tarihi 23.09.2025.
  • Weiss E B, ‘Intergenerational equity’, in Anne Peters and Rüdiger Wolfrum (edr), The Max Planck Encyclopaedia of Public International Law, <https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e1421> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 275 - 335, 19.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.62124/kluhfd.1801104

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Alçık M, ‘Koruma/Özerklik Dengesinde Çocuğun Dinlenilme Hakkı ve Mahkemeye Erişimi’ iç Şafak Evran Topuzkanamış (ed), İnsan Haklarında Buluşmak (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2022).
  • Alçık Engürülü M, ‘AİHM’in Çevre İçtihadının İklim Değişikliği Davalarına Uygulanabilirliği’, (2023) 72(3) Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 1007, 1054.
  • Alçık Engürülü M, Çevresel Halk Katılımının Bir Aracı Olarak Yargı (Yetkin Yayınları 2024).
  • Algan M, Anayasa Hukukunda Çocuk Hakları (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2021).
  • Alston P, Mégret F, ‘Introduction Appraising the United Nations Human Rights Regime’ iç Frédéric Mégret and Philip Alston (edr), The United Nations and Human Rights A Critical Appraisal, (Second Edition, Oxford University Press 2020).
  • Arts K, ‘Children’s Rights and Climate Change’ iç Claire Fenton-Glynn (ed), Children's Rights and Sustainable Development: Interpreting the UNCRC for Future Generations (Cambridge University Press 2019).
  • Atılgan Pazvantoğlu C, ‘Yumuşak Hukuk Tartışmaları Çerçevesinde BM İş Dünyası ve İnsan Hakları Rehber İlkeleri’nin Değerlendirilmesi’, (2021) 27(2) Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi 1131, 1155.
  • Bakker C, ‘Climate Change and Children’s Rights’ iç Jonathan Todres and Shani M. King (edr), The Oxford Handbook of Children’s Rights (Oxford University Press, 2020).
  • Boyar O, ‘Devletin Pozitif Yükümlülükleri ve Dolaylı Yan Etki’ iç Sibel İnceoğlu (ed), İnsan Hakları Avrupa Sözleşmesi ve Anayasa, Anayasa Mahkemesine Bireysel Başvuru Kapsamında Bir İnceleme (Avrupa Konseyi, 2013).
  • Düwell M, Bos G, ‘Why’Rights’ of Future People?’ iç Marcus Düwel, Gerhard Bos and Naomi Van Steenbergen (edr), Towards the Ethics of a Green Future the Theory and Practice of Human Rights for Future People, (Routhledge 2018) 9, 27.
  • Evans C, ‘Introduction Appraising the United Nations Human Rights Regime’ iç Frédéric Mégret and Philip Alston (edr), The United Nations and Human Rights a Critical Appraisal (Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 2020).
  • Gosseries A, ‘On Future Generations’ Future Rights’ (2008) 16 Journal of Political Philosophy 446, 474.
  • Herstein O J, ‘The Identity and (Legal) Rights of Future Generations’ (2009) 77 5/6 The George Washington Law Review 1173, 1215.
  • Horn L, ‘Climate Change Litigation Actions for Future Generations’ (2008) 25 Environment and Planning Law Journal 115-135.
  • Köybaşı S, İklim Değişikliğine Karşı Yeşil Anayasalcılık (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2023).
  • Köybaşı S, Özkardeş N, ‘İnsan Hakları Çerçevesinde İklim Değişikliğinden Meydana Gelecek Felaketlerden İdarenin Sorumluluğu’ (2025) 83(3) İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 1228, 1266.
  • Lewis B, Environmental Human Rights and Climate Change Current Status and Future Prospects (Springer 2018). Lewis B, ‘Human Rights Duties Towards Future Generations and The Potential for Achieving Climate Justice’ (2016) 34(3) Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 206, 226.
  • Liefaard T, ‘Access to Justice The Children: Towards a Specific Research and Implementation Agenda’, (2019) 27(2) The International Journal of Human Rights 195, 217.
  • Nolan A, ‘Children and Future Generations Rights Before the Courts: The Vexed Question of Definitions’ (2024) 13(3) Transnational Environmental Law 522, 546.
  • Parker L, Mestre J, Jodoin S and Wewerinke-Singh M, ‘When the Kids Put Climate Change on Trial: Youth-Focused Rights-Based Climate Litigation Around the World’, (2022) 13(1) Journal of Human Rights and The Environment 64, 89.
  • Ruppel-Schlichting K, Human S and Ruppel OC, ‘Climate Change and Children’s Rights: An International Law Perspective’ iç Oliver C. Ruppel, Christian Roschmann and Katharina Ruppel-Schlichting (edr), Climate Change: International Law and Global Governance, (Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 2013) 349, 378.
  • Sanz-Caballero S, ‘Children’s Rights in A Changing Climate: A Perspective from The United Nations Convention on The Rights of The Child’, (2013)13 Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics 1, 14.
  • Skogly S I, ‘The Right to Continuous Improvement of Living Conditions and Human Rights of Future Generations - A Circle Impossible to Square?’ iç Jessie Hohmann and Beth Goldblatt (edr), The Right to the Coninuous Improvement of Living Conditions (Hart Publishing 2021) 147, 163.
  • Solakoğlu Sayarlıoğlu C, ‘İklim Değişikliği ve Çocuk Hakları’ iç Türkân Yalçın (ed), Çocuk Yazıları (Savaş Yayınevi 2022).
  • Swinkels M, de Vette O, Toom V, ‘Future Design in the Public Policy Process: Giving a Voice to Future Generations’ (2025) Policy Studies 1,21.
  • Yüksel C, ‘İklim Değişikliği ile Mücadelede Bir Araç Olarak Uluslararası İnsan Hakları Hukuku’, (2022) 10(2) Ceza Hukuku ve Kriminolojisi Dergisi 339, 366.
  • İnternet Kaynakları
  • Araújo, R, Koessler, L, ‘The Rise of the Constitutional Protection of Future Generations’, (VerfBlog August 2022) <https://verfassungsblog.de/the-rise-of-the-constitutional-protection-of-future-generations/> Son Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2025.
  • Constitute Project, https://www.constituteproject.org/constitutions?lang=en&q=future%20generations&status=in_force Son Erişim Tarihi:13.11.2025.
  • Maastricht Principles on The Human Rights of Future Generations, <https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/new-york/events/hr75-future-generations/Maastricht-Principles-on-The-Human-Rights-of-Future-Generations.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığı, ‘Çevre Eğitimi ve İklim Değişikliği Dersi Öğretim Planı’ <https://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay.aspx?PID=1143> Son Erişim Tarihi:09.09.2025.
  • Nolan A, ‘General Comment No.26 on Children and the Environment – A Milestone in International Human Rights Law?’, (EJIL:Talk!, Septembre 2023) <www.ejiltalk.org/general-comment-no-26-on-children-and-the-environment-a-milestone-in-international-human-rights-law/> Son Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2025.
  • Nolan A, ‘The Children are the Future - Or Not? Exploring The Complexities of the Relationship between the Rights of Children and Future Generations’, (EJIL:Talk!, May 2022) <https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-children-are-the-future-or-not-exploring-the-complexities-of-the-relationship-between-the-rights-of-children-and-future-generations/> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Statement on human rights and climate change, Joint statement / by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, the Committee on the Rights of the Child and the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, <https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3871313> Son Erişim Tarihi:19.08.2023.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı, ‘2023-2028 Türkiye Çocuk Hakları Strateji Belgesi ve Eylem Planı’, https://www.aile.gov.tr/media/132816/turkiye-c-ocuk-haklari-strateji-belgesi-ve-eylem-plani-2023-2028-dijital.pdf Son Erişim Tarihi:09.09.2025.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, İklim Değişikliği Eylem Planı 2011-2023, <https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/iklim/editordosya/file/eylem%20planlari/Iklim%20Degisikligi%20Eylem%20Plani_TR.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, İklim Değişikliği, Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2024-2030), <https://iklim.gov.tr/db/turkce/icerikler/files/Iklim%20Degisikligine%20Uyum%20Stratejisi%20ve%20Eylem%20Planı.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, <https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:07.06.2025.
  • United Nations, General Comment 26, ‘Report of The First Children and young People’s Consultation September 2022’, <https://childrightsenvironment.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Report-of-the-first-Children-and-Young-Peoples-Consultation.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.08.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘The Impacts of Climate Change on The Human Rights of People in Vulnerable Situations’, A/HRC/50/57, <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G22/336/00/PDF/G2233600.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:05.09.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘Analytical study on the relationship between climate change and the full and effective enjoyment of the rights of the child’ <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G17/110/91/pdf/G1711091.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:29.06.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘Report of The Special Rapporteur on The Issue of Human Rights Obligations Relating to The Enjoyment of a Safe, Clean, Healthy and Sustainable Environment’ <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G18/017/29/PDF/G1801729.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:01.07.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 36 (2018) on Article 6 of The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, on The Right to Life, Adopted by the Committee at its 124th session (8 October to 2 November 2018), < https://www.refworld.org/docid/5e5e75e04.html> Son Erişim Tarihi:07.09.2025.
  • United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘General Comment No. 26 on Children’s Rights and The Environment, With a Special Focus on Climate Change’ < https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4019010?ln=fr> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.08.2025. United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘General measures of implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (arts. 4, 42 and 44, para. 6)’, CRC/GC/2003/5, <https://docs.un.org/en/CRC/GC/2003/5> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.09.2025.
  • United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘Concluding Observations on the Combined Fourth and Fifth Periodic Reports of Türkiye’ CRC/C/TUR/CO/4-5 < https://docs.un.org/en/CRC/C/TUR/CO/4-5> Son Erişim Tarihi: 09.09.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Committee ‘Views adopted by the Committee under article 5 (4) of the Optional Protocol, Concerning Communication No. 3624/2019’ <https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CCPR%2fC%2f135%2fD%2f3624%2f2019&Lang=en> Son Erişim Tarihi 23.09.2025.
  • Weiss E B, ‘Intergenerational equity’, in Anne Peters and Rüdiger Wolfrum (edr), The Max Planck Encyclopaedia of Public International Law, <https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e1421> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.

LEGAL GAPS AND BARRIERS TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD’S GENERAL COMMENT NO. 26 IN TURKEY WITH REGARDS TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND CHILDREN’S RIGHTS

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 275 - 335, 19.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.62124/kluhfd.1801104

Öz

In recent years, children whose rights are endangered by climate change have increasingly appealed to international human rights mechanisms, claiming that their rights have been violated. Children are not only more vulnerable than adults to the harmful effects of climate change, but they are also at greater risk of being exposed to these effects for a much longer period. Recently, the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC or Committee) issued General Comment (GC) No. 26 on children’s rights and the environment, with a special focus on climate change. This GC serves as a guiding document in clarifying the obligations of states in ensuring that the adverse impacts of climate change do not hinder the enjoyment of children's rights. Although GC’s issued by the Committee do not have legally binding force, they are considered part of the body of soft law within international legal frameworks and are therefore significant for the development of future binding legal norms.
This article aims to identify the existing legal gaps and obstacles in Türkiye regarding the implementation of state obligations outlined in GC No. 26, which concretely links climate change and children's rights. Subsequently, the study will offer recommendations to address these legal gaps and overcome the identified challenges in the Türkiye context.

Kaynakça

  • Alçık M, ‘Koruma/Özerklik Dengesinde Çocuğun Dinlenilme Hakkı ve Mahkemeye Erişimi’ iç Şafak Evran Topuzkanamış (ed), İnsan Haklarında Buluşmak (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2022).
  • Alçık Engürülü M, ‘AİHM’in Çevre İçtihadının İklim Değişikliği Davalarına Uygulanabilirliği’, (2023) 72(3) Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 1007, 1054.
  • Alçık Engürülü M, Çevresel Halk Katılımının Bir Aracı Olarak Yargı (Yetkin Yayınları 2024).
  • Algan M, Anayasa Hukukunda Çocuk Hakları (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2021).
  • Alston P, Mégret F, ‘Introduction Appraising the United Nations Human Rights Regime’ iç Frédéric Mégret and Philip Alston (edr), The United Nations and Human Rights A Critical Appraisal, (Second Edition, Oxford University Press 2020).
  • Arts K, ‘Children’s Rights and Climate Change’ iç Claire Fenton-Glynn (ed), Children's Rights and Sustainable Development: Interpreting the UNCRC for Future Generations (Cambridge University Press 2019).
  • Atılgan Pazvantoğlu C, ‘Yumuşak Hukuk Tartışmaları Çerçevesinde BM İş Dünyası ve İnsan Hakları Rehber İlkeleri’nin Değerlendirilmesi’, (2021) 27(2) Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi 1131, 1155.
  • Bakker C, ‘Climate Change and Children’s Rights’ iç Jonathan Todres and Shani M. King (edr), The Oxford Handbook of Children’s Rights (Oxford University Press, 2020).
  • Boyar O, ‘Devletin Pozitif Yükümlülükleri ve Dolaylı Yan Etki’ iç Sibel İnceoğlu (ed), İnsan Hakları Avrupa Sözleşmesi ve Anayasa, Anayasa Mahkemesine Bireysel Başvuru Kapsamında Bir İnceleme (Avrupa Konseyi, 2013).
  • Düwell M, Bos G, ‘Why’Rights’ of Future People?’ iç Marcus Düwel, Gerhard Bos and Naomi Van Steenbergen (edr), Towards the Ethics of a Green Future the Theory and Practice of Human Rights for Future People, (Routhledge 2018) 9, 27.
  • Evans C, ‘Introduction Appraising the United Nations Human Rights Regime’ iç Frédéric Mégret and Philip Alston (edr), The United Nations and Human Rights a Critical Appraisal (Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 2020).
  • Gosseries A, ‘On Future Generations’ Future Rights’ (2008) 16 Journal of Political Philosophy 446, 474.
  • Herstein O J, ‘The Identity and (Legal) Rights of Future Generations’ (2009) 77 5/6 The George Washington Law Review 1173, 1215.
  • Horn L, ‘Climate Change Litigation Actions for Future Generations’ (2008) 25 Environment and Planning Law Journal 115-135.
  • Köybaşı S, İklim Değişikliğine Karşı Yeşil Anayasalcılık (On İki Levha Yayıncılık 2023).
  • Köybaşı S, Özkardeş N, ‘İnsan Hakları Çerçevesinde İklim Değişikliğinden Meydana Gelecek Felaketlerden İdarenin Sorumluluğu’ (2025) 83(3) İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası 1228, 1266.
  • Lewis B, Environmental Human Rights and Climate Change Current Status and Future Prospects (Springer 2018). Lewis B, ‘Human Rights Duties Towards Future Generations and The Potential for Achieving Climate Justice’ (2016) 34(3) Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 206, 226.
  • Liefaard T, ‘Access to Justice The Children: Towards a Specific Research and Implementation Agenda’, (2019) 27(2) The International Journal of Human Rights 195, 217.
  • Nolan A, ‘Children and Future Generations Rights Before the Courts: The Vexed Question of Definitions’ (2024) 13(3) Transnational Environmental Law 522, 546.
  • Parker L, Mestre J, Jodoin S and Wewerinke-Singh M, ‘When the Kids Put Climate Change on Trial: Youth-Focused Rights-Based Climate Litigation Around the World’, (2022) 13(1) Journal of Human Rights and The Environment 64, 89.
  • Ruppel-Schlichting K, Human S and Ruppel OC, ‘Climate Change and Children’s Rights: An International Law Perspective’ iç Oliver C. Ruppel, Christian Roschmann and Katharina Ruppel-Schlichting (edr), Climate Change: International Law and Global Governance, (Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 2013) 349, 378.
  • Sanz-Caballero S, ‘Children’s Rights in A Changing Climate: A Perspective from The United Nations Convention on The Rights of The Child’, (2013)13 Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics 1, 14.
  • Skogly S I, ‘The Right to Continuous Improvement of Living Conditions and Human Rights of Future Generations - A Circle Impossible to Square?’ iç Jessie Hohmann and Beth Goldblatt (edr), The Right to the Coninuous Improvement of Living Conditions (Hart Publishing 2021) 147, 163.
  • Solakoğlu Sayarlıoğlu C, ‘İklim Değişikliği ve Çocuk Hakları’ iç Türkân Yalçın (ed), Çocuk Yazıları (Savaş Yayınevi 2022).
  • Swinkels M, de Vette O, Toom V, ‘Future Design in the Public Policy Process: Giving a Voice to Future Generations’ (2025) Policy Studies 1,21.
  • Yüksel C, ‘İklim Değişikliği ile Mücadelede Bir Araç Olarak Uluslararası İnsan Hakları Hukuku’, (2022) 10(2) Ceza Hukuku ve Kriminolojisi Dergisi 339, 366.
  • İnternet Kaynakları
  • Araújo, R, Koessler, L, ‘The Rise of the Constitutional Protection of Future Generations’, (VerfBlog August 2022) <https://verfassungsblog.de/the-rise-of-the-constitutional-protection-of-future-generations/> Son Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2025.
  • Constitute Project, https://www.constituteproject.org/constitutions?lang=en&q=future%20generations&status=in_force Son Erişim Tarihi:13.11.2025.
  • Maastricht Principles on The Human Rights of Future Generations, <https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/new-york/events/hr75-future-generations/Maastricht-Principles-on-The-Human-Rights-of-Future-Generations.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığı, ‘Çevre Eğitimi ve İklim Değişikliği Dersi Öğretim Planı’ <https://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay.aspx?PID=1143> Son Erişim Tarihi:09.09.2025.
  • Nolan A, ‘General Comment No.26 on Children and the Environment – A Milestone in International Human Rights Law?’, (EJIL:Talk!, Septembre 2023) <www.ejiltalk.org/general-comment-no-26-on-children-and-the-environment-a-milestone-in-international-human-rights-law/> Son Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2025.
  • Nolan A, ‘The Children are the Future - Or Not? Exploring The Complexities of the Relationship between the Rights of Children and Future Generations’, (EJIL:Talk!, May 2022) <https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-children-are-the-future-or-not-exploring-the-complexities-of-the-relationship-between-the-rights-of-children-and-future-generations/> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Statement on human rights and climate change, Joint statement / by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, the Committee on the Rights of the Child and the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, <https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3871313> Son Erişim Tarihi:19.08.2023.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı, ‘2023-2028 Türkiye Çocuk Hakları Strateji Belgesi ve Eylem Planı’, https://www.aile.gov.tr/media/132816/turkiye-c-ocuk-haklari-strateji-belgesi-ve-eylem-plani-2023-2028-dijital.pdf Son Erişim Tarihi:09.09.2025.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, İklim Değişikliği Eylem Planı 2011-2023, <https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/iklim/editordosya/file/eylem%20planlari/Iklim%20Degisikligi%20Eylem%20Plani_TR.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, İklim Değişikliği, Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2024-2030), <https://iklim.gov.tr/db/turkce/icerikler/files/Iklim%20Degisikligine%20Uyum%20Stratejisi%20ve%20Eylem%20Planı.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, <https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:07.06.2025.
  • United Nations, General Comment 26, ‘Report of The First Children and young People’s Consultation September 2022’, <https://childrightsenvironment.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Report-of-the-first-Children-and-Young-Peoples-Consultation.pdf> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.08.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘The Impacts of Climate Change on The Human Rights of People in Vulnerable Situations’, A/HRC/50/57, <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G22/336/00/PDF/G2233600.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:05.09.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘Analytical study on the relationship between climate change and the full and effective enjoyment of the rights of the child’ <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G17/110/91/pdf/G1711091.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:29.06.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘Report of The Special Rapporteur on The Issue of Human Rights Obligations Relating to The Enjoyment of a Safe, Clean, Healthy and Sustainable Environment’ <https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G18/017/29/PDF/G1801729.pdf?OpenElement> Son Erişim Tarihi:01.07.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 36 (2018) on Article 6 of The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, on The Right to Life, Adopted by the Committee at its 124th session (8 October to 2 November 2018), < https://www.refworld.org/docid/5e5e75e04.html> Son Erişim Tarihi:07.09.2025.
  • United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘General Comment No. 26 on Children’s Rights and The Environment, With a Special Focus on Climate Change’ < https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4019010?ln=fr> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.08.2025. United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘General measures of implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (arts. 4, 42 and 44, para. 6)’, CRC/GC/2003/5, <https://docs.un.org/en/CRC/GC/2003/5> Son Erişim Tarihi:28.09.2025.
  • United Nations, Committee on The Rights on The Child, ‘Concluding Observations on the Combined Fourth and Fifth Periodic Reports of Türkiye’ CRC/C/TUR/CO/4-5 < https://docs.un.org/en/CRC/C/TUR/CO/4-5> Son Erişim Tarihi: 09.09.2025.
  • United Nations Human Rights Committee ‘Views adopted by the Committee under article 5 (4) of the Optional Protocol, Concerning Communication No. 3624/2019’ <https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CCPR%2fC%2f135%2fD%2f3624%2f2019&Lang=en> Son Erişim Tarihi 23.09.2025.
  • Weiss E B, ‘Intergenerational equity’, in Anne Peters and Rüdiger Wolfrum (edr), The Max Planck Encyclopaedia of Public International Law, <https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e1421> Son Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2025.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hukuk ve Beşeri Bilimler, Hukuk (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Merve Alçık Engürülü 0000-0002-5335-6540

Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi 22 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 19 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Alçık Engürülü, M. (2025). İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(2), 275-335. https://doi.org/10.62124/kluhfd.1801104
AMA Alçık Engürülü M. İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER. KLÜHFD. Aralık 2025;3(2):275-335. doi:10.62124/kluhfd.1801104
Chicago Alçık Engürülü, Merve. “İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER”. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 3, sy. 2 (Aralık 2025): 275-335. https://doi.org/10.62124/kluhfd.1801104.
EndNote Alçık Engürülü M (01 Aralık 2025) İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 3 2 275–335.
IEEE M. Alçık Engürülü, “İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER”, KLÜHFD, c. 3, sy. 2, ss. 275–335, 2025, doi: 10.62124/kluhfd.1801104.
ISNAD Alçık Engürülü, Merve. “İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER”. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 3/2 (Aralık2025), 275-335. https://doi.org/10.62124/kluhfd.1801104.
JAMA Alçık Engürülü M. İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER. KLÜHFD. 2025;3:275–335.
MLA Alçık Engürülü, Merve. “İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER”. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 3, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 275-3, doi:10.62124/kluhfd.1801104.
Vancouver Alçık Engürülü M. İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ VE ÇOCUK HAKLARI EKSENİNDE BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER ÇOCUK HAKLARI KOMİTESİNİN 26 SAYILI GENEL YORUMUNUN TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANMASININ ÖNÜNDEKİ HUKUKİ BOŞLUKLAR VE ENGELLER. KLÜHFD. 2025;3(2):275-33.