A Fail Safe Electronic Card Design for Lifts

Öz

With the impact of digitalization and Industry 4.0, many systems used in our daily lives include more electronic and programmable electronic components. This increased complexity has also revealed many safety risks. The international community has put forward many standards and regulations to make these systems safer. At this point, the IEC 61508 standard identifies the hardware and software requirements for a safety-related system to be implemented. Over time, many sectoral standards have been derived from IEC 61508. In this study, we focus on lifts, which the city dweller uses regularly, and the reliability of these systems. In this context, it is aimed to control the opening of the doors that provide access to the lift shaft with a safe and reliable electronic card. The aim is to reach the required safety integrity level in the electrical safety equipment table in EN 81-20 standard by designing and implementing the electronic system. The designed electronic card is expected to track the positions of the doors securely and produce appropriate notifications. In this context, a SIL 3 level system according to IEC 61508 with a 1oo2 safety architecture has been designed and implemented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• FMEA
• Functional Safety
• Lifts
• Reliability

ASANSÖRLER İÇİN HATADA GÜVENLİ BİR ELEKTRONİK KART TASARIMI

Öz

Dijitalleşme ve endüstri 4.0’ın etkisi ile gündelik hayatımızda kullandığımız birçok sistemde artık daha fazla elektronik ve programlanabilir elektronik bileşen bulunmaktadır. Bu artan karmaşıklık beraberinde birçok güvenlik riskini de açığa çıkartmıştır. İlgili sistemleri güvenli kılmak adına uluslararası camia birçok standart ve regülasyon ortaya koymuştur. Bu noktada IEC 61508 standardı güvenlikle ilgili sistemin hayata geçirebilmek için donanımsal ve yazılımsal açıdan gerekli özellikleri tanılamaktadır. Zaman içinde IEC 61508 temel alınarak birçok sektörel standart türetilmiştir. Bu çalışmada şehir insanının gündelik hayatında düzenli aralıklar ile kullandığı asansör sistemleri ve bu sistemlerin güvenilirliği üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu kapsamda asansör kuyusuna erişim sağlayan kapıların açılmasının kontrolü güvenli bir elektronik kart ile gerçeklenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu tasarlanan ve hayata geçirilen elektronik sistemin EN 81-20 standardında bulunan elektrik güvenlik tertibatları tablosundaki gerekli emniyet bütünlük seviyesine ulaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Tasarlanan elektronik kart kapıların pozisyonlarını güvenli bir şekilde takip etmesi ve uygun bildirimi üretmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu kapsamda 1oo2 güvenlik mimarisine sahip IEC 61508’e göre SIL 3 seviyesinde bir sistem tasarlanmış ve hayata geçirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fonksiyonel Güvenlik
• Asansör
• FMEA
• Güvenilirlik

Kaynakça

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