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THE ECONOMY-POLITICS OF FRANCE DURING THE CHARLES DE GAULLE ERA (1958-1969)

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 51 , 371 - 388 , 20.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.18493/kmusekad.1643560
https://izlik.org/JA74HG39AX

Öz

Charles de Gaulle has been one of the most prominent political figures in French history. Throughout de Gaulle’s time in power, a foreign and domestic economic-political framework consistent with the scope and motto known as “Gaullism” was established. The main thesis of this study is that Gaullist domestic and foreign policy was built on the axes of “independence,” “sovereignty,” and “nationalism.” The political and economic outlook in domestic policy was significant in this context. In the foreign policy perspective, de Gaulle's perception of security and his relations with NATO were noteworthy. However, his approach to Anglo-American-centered regional and global political competition made it necessary to evaluate him in a different context. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive and holistic analysis of the de Gaulle era based on the foundations of foreign and domestic policy. The importance of this comprehensive framework is considered crucial to the originality of the study. In this context, following an evaluation of his brief life story and his journey into politics, the fundamental outlook of France during the de Gaulle era between 1958 and 1969 is analyzed.

Kaynakça

  • Aliyev, P. (2023). Charles De Gaulle’s Effect on French Politics. Gazi Akademik Bakış, 17(33), 207-227.
  • Armaoğlu, F. (2014). 20. Yüzyıl Siyasi Tarihi 1914-1995. İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları.
  • Bange, O. (2000). The EEC Crisis of 1963 Kennedy, Macmillan, de Gaulle and Adenaur in Conflict. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Berstein, S. (1994). De Gaulle and Gaullism in the Fifth Republic. H. Gough and J. Horne (Ed.), De Gaulle and Twentieth-Century France (ss. 109-123), London: Edward Arnold-Hodder Headline Group.
  • Berstein, S. (1989). The Rebuplic of de Gaulle, 1958-1969. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bozo, F. (2001). Two Strategies for Europe De Gaulle, United States and the Atlantic Allianca. Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield.
  • Calleo, D. P. (2011). De Gaulle’s Visions for Europe. B. J. Rowland (Ed.), Charles de Gaulle’s Legacy of Ideas, Maryland: Lexington Books.
  • Cicioğlu, F. ve Kalkan, D. (2019). De Gaulle’den Frexit Tartışmalarına: Fransa Avrupa Birliği’nin Neresinde?. Bilgi, 21(1), 1-38.
  • Chivvis, C. S. (2011), De Gaulle and the Dollar. B. J. Rowland (Ed.), Charles de Gaulle’s Legacy of Ideas içinde, Maryland: Lexington Books.
  • Demirkıran, Ö. (2007). Fransa’nın Güvenlik Politikası: De Gaulle Dönemi (1958-1969). Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(5), 79-92.
  • DePorte, A. W. (1968). De Gaulle’s Foreign Policy 1944-1946. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Eichengreen, B. (2007). The European Economy Since 1945. Princeton-Oxford: Princeton University Press.
  • Eyrice, E. (2008). Cezayir’in Fransız Sömürgeciliğine Karşı Yürüttüğü Bağımsızlık Mücadelesi, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi.) Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Fransa Büyükelçiliği Enformasyon ve Basın Servisi. (t.y.) General De Gaulle Fransa Cumhurbaşkanı.
  • Gaffney, J. (2010). Political Leadership in France From Charles de Gaulle to Nicolas Sarkozy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Gordon, P. H. (1993). A Certain Idea of France French Security Policy and The Gaullist Legacy. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Gueniffey, P. (2020). Napoleon and De Gaulle Heroes and History. Cambrigde-London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
  • Jackson, J. (2018). De Gaulle. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
  • Johnson, D. (1994). De Gaulle and France’s Role in the World. H. Gough and J. Horne (Ed.), De Gaulle and Twentieth-Century France (ss. 83-94), London: Edward Arnold-Hodder Headline Group.
  • Keylor, W. R. (2020). Charles De Gaulle, A Thorn in the Side of Six American Presidents. Maryland: Rowman Littlefield.
  • Kissenger, H. (2008). Diplomasi. (Çev. İ. H. Kurt), İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
  • Kramer, M. (2010). Introduction: De Gaulle and Gaullism in France’s Cold War Policy. C. Nuenlist, A. Locher, G. Martin (Ed.), Globalizing De Gaulle International Perspectives on French Foreign Policy 1958-1969 içinde (ss. 1- 22), Maryland: Lexington Books.
  • Lacouture, J. (1993). De Gaulle The Ruler 1945-1970. New York-London: W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Lacouture, J. (1990). De Gaulle The Rebel 1890-1944. New York-London: W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Loriaux, M. (1991). France After Hegemony International Change and Financial Reform. London: Cornell University Press.
  • Maclean, M. (2002). Economic Management and French Business From De Gaulle to Chirac. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Mahan, E. R. (2002), Kennedy, De Gaulle, and Western Europe. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Mahoney, D. J. (2017). De Gaulle Statesmanship, Grandeur, and Modern Democracy. New York: Routledge.
  • Mangold, P. (2006). The Almost Impossible Ally Harold Macmillan ve Charles De Gaulle. New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers.
  • Martin, G. J. (2013). General De Gaulle’s Cold War Challenging American Hegemony 1963-1968. New York- Oxford: Berghahn.
  • Martin, G. (2010). Conclusion: A Gaullist Grand Strategy?. C. Nuenlist, A. Locher, G. Martin (Ed.), Globalizing De Gaulle International Perspectives on French Foreign Policy 1958-1969 içinde (ss. 291-308), Maryland: Lexington Books.
  • McLaughlin, S. J. (2019). JFK and de Gaulle How America and France Failed in Vietnam. 1961-1963, Kentucy: University Press of Kentucy.
  • Molchanov, N. (1985). General De Gaulle His Life and Work. Progress Publishers.
  • Monnet, E. (2018). Contolling Credit: Cantral banking and Planned Economy in Postwar France 1948-1973. Cambridge: Cambrigde University Press.
  • Nester, W. R. (2014). De Gaulle’s Legacy The Art of Power in France’s Fifth Republic. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • O’Dwyer, G. (2017). Charles de Gaulle, the International System, and the Existential Difference. London-New York: Routledge.
  • Peters, D. J. (1966). A Short History of France. London: Pergamon Press.
  • Price, R. (2020). Fransa’nın Kısa Tarihi. (Çev. Ö. Akpınar), İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi.
  • Remond, R. (1971). The Right Wing in France From 1815 to de Gaulle. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania.
  • Reyn, S. (2010). Atlantis Lost The American Experience with De Gaulle 1958-1969. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
  • Soysal, İ. (1987). General De Gaulle’ün Türkiye Ziyareti (25-30 Ekim 1968). Belleten, 51(200), 949-964.
  • Verdun, A. (2000). European Responses to Globalization and Financial Market Integration Perceptions of Economic and Monetary Union in Britain, France and Germany. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • World Bank (2025). World Development Indicators, https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world- development-indicators

CHARLES DE GAULLE DÖNEMİ (1958-1969) FRANSA’NIN EKONOMİ-POLİTİĞİ

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 51 , 371 - 388 , 20.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.18493/kmusekad.1643560
https://izlik.org/JA74HG39AX

Öz

Chales de Gaulle, Fransa tarihinin en dikkat çeken siyasi aktörlerinden birisi olmuştur. De Gaulle’ün iktidar süreci boyunca, “Gaullizm” olarak adlandırılan kapsama ve mottoya uygun bir dış ve iç ekonomi-politik çerçevenin tesis edilmiş olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın temel tezi de Gaullist iç ve dış politikanın; “bağımsızlık”, “egemenlik” ve “milliyetçilik” eksenleri üzerine inşa edilmiş olduğudur. İç politikadaki siyasi ve iktisadi görünüm, bu bağlamda önem arz etmiştir. Dış politik perspektifte ise de Gaulle’ün güvenlik algısı ve NATO ile ilişkileri dikkat çekmiştir. Bununla birlikte Anglo-Amerikan odaklı bölgesel ve küresel siyasi rekabete yaklaşımı, onun farklı bir bağlamda değerlendirilmesini zaruri kılmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın temel amacı, de Gaulle döneminin dış ve iç politika zeminleri üzerinden hareket edilerek bütüncül ve kapsamlı olarak analiz edilmesidir. Çalışmanın özgünlüğü adına bu bütüncül çerçevenin önem arz ettiği düşünülmüştür. Bu kapsamda, onun kısa yaşam öyküsünün ve siyasete uzanan sürecin değerlendirilmesinin ardından 1958-1969 yılları arasında de Gaulle dönemi Fransa’sının temel görünümü analiz edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Aliyev, P. (2023). Charles De Gaulle’s Effect on French Politics. Gazi Akademik Bakış, 17(33), 207-227.
  • Armaoğlu, F. (2014). 20. Yüzyıl Siyasi Tarihi 1914-1995. İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları.
  • Bange, O. (2000). The EEC Crisis of 1963 Kennedy, Macmillan, de Gaulle and Adenaur in Conflict. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Berstein, S. (1994). De Gaulle and Gaullism in the Fifth Republic. H. Gough and J. Horne (Ed.), De Gaulle and Twentieth-Century France (ss. 109-123), London: Edward Arnold-Hodder Headline Group.
  • Berstein, S. (1989). The Rebuplic of de Gaulle, 1958-1969. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bozo, F. (2001). Two Strategies for Europe De Gaulle, United States and the Atlantic Allianca. Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield.
  • Calleo, D. P. (2011). De Gaulle’s Visions for Europe. B. J. Rowland (Ed.), Charles de Gaulle’s Legacy of Ideas, Maryland: Lexington Books.
  • Cicioğlu, F. ve Kalkan, D. (2019). De Gaulle’den Frexit Tartışmalarına: Fransa Avrupa Birliği’nin Neresinde?. Bilgi, 21(1), 1-38.
  • Chivvis, C. S. (2011), De Gaulle and the Dollar. B. J. Rowland (Ed.), Charles de Gaulle’s Legacy of Ideas içinde, Maryland: Lexington Books.
  • Demirkıran, Ö. (2007). Fransa’nın Güvenlik Politikası: De Gaulle Dönemi (1958-1969). Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(5), 79-92.
  • DePorte, A. W. (1968). De Gaulle’s Foreign Policy 1944-1946. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Eichengreen, B. (2007). The European Economy Since 1945. Princeton-Oxford: Princeton University Press.
  • Eyrice, E. (2008). Cezayir’in Fransız Sömürgeciliğine Karşı Yürüttüğü Bağımsızlık Mücadelesi, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi.) Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Fransa Büyükelçiliği Enformasyon ve Basın Servisi. (t.y.) General De Gaulle Fransa Cumhurbaşkanı.
  • Gaffney, J. (2010). Political Leadership in France From Charles de Gaulle to Nicolas Sarkozy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Gordon, P. H. (1993). A Certain Idea of France French Security Policy and The Gaullist Legacy. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Gueniffey, P. (2020). Napoleon and De Gaulle Heroes and History. Cambrigde-London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
  • Jackson, J. (2018). De Gaulle. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
  • Johnson, D. (1994). De Gaulle and France’s Role in the World. H. Gough and J. Horne (Ed.), De Gaulle and Twentieth-Century France (ss. 83-94), London: Edward Arnold-Hodder Headline Group.
  • Keylor, W. R. (2020). Charles De Gaulle, A Thorn in the Side of Six American Presidents. Maryland: Rowman Littlefield.
  • Kissenger, H. (2008). Diplomasi. (Çev. İ. H. Kurt), İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
  • Kramer, M. (2010). Introduction: De Gaulle and Gaullism in France’s Cold War Policy. C. Nuenlist, A. Locher, G. Martin (Ed.), Globalizing De Gaulle International Perspectives on French Foreign Policy 1958-1969 içinde (ss. 1- 22), Maryland: Lexington Books.
  • Lacouture, J. (1993). De Gaulle The Ruler 1945-1970. New York-London: W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Lacouture, J. (1990). De Gaulle The Rebel 1890-1944. New York-London: W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Loriaux, M. (1991). France After Hegemony International Change and Financial Reform. London: Cornell University Press.
  • Maclean, M. (2002). Economic Management and French Business From De Gaulle to Chirac. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Mahan, E. R. (2002), Kennedy, De Gaulle, and Western Europe. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Mahoney, D. J. (2017). De Gaulle Statesmanship, Grandeur, and Modern Democracy. New York: Routledge.
  • Mangold, P. (2006). The Almost Impossible Ally Harold Macmillan ve Charles De Gaulle. New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers.
  • Martin, G. J. (2013). General De Gaulle’s Cold War Challenging American Hegemony 1963-1968. New York- Oxford: Berghahn.
  • Martin, G. (2010). Conclusion: A Gaullist Grand Strategy?. C. Nuenlist, A. Locher, G. Martin (Ed.), Globalizing De Gaulle International Perspectives on French Foreign Policy 1958-1969 içinde (ss. 291-308), Maryland: Lexington Books.
  • McLaughlin, S. J. (2019). JFK and de Gaulle How America and France Failed in Vietnam. 1961-1963, Kentucy: University Press of Kentucy.
  • Molchanov, N. (1985). General De Gaulle His Life and Work. Progress Publishers.
  • Monnet, E. (2018). Contolling Credit: Cantral banking and Planned Economy in Postwar France 1948-1973. Cambridge: Cambrigde University Press.
  • Nester, W. R. (2014). De Gaulle’s Legacy The Art of Power in France’s Fifth Republic. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • O’Dwyer, G. (2017). Charles de Gaulle, the International System, and the Existential Difference. London-New York: Routledge.
  • Peters, D. J. (1966). A Short History of France. London: Pergamon Press.
  • Price, R. (2020). Fransa’nın Kısa Tarihi. (Çev. Ö. Akpınar), İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi.
  • Remond, R. (1971). The Right Wing in France From 1815 to de Gaulle. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania.
  • Reyn, S. (2010). Atlantis Lost The American Experience with De Gaulle 1958-1969. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
  • Soysal, İ. (1987). General De Gaulle’ün Türkiye Ziyareti (25-30 Ekim 1968). Belleten, 51(200), 949-964.
  • Verdun, A. (2000). European Responses to Globalization and Financial Market Integration Perceptions of Economic and Monetary Union in Britain, France and Germany. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • World Bank (2025). World Development Indicators, https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world- development-indicators
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Avrupa ve Bölge Çalışmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Samet Zenginoğlu 0000-0001-6061-8388

Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 10 Mart 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Nisan 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.18493/kmusekad.1643560
IZ https://izlik.org/JA74HG39AX
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 51

Kaynak Göster

APA Zenginoğlu, S. (2026). CHARLES DE GAULLE DÖNEMİ (1958-1969) FRANSA’NIN EKONOMİ-POLİTİĞİ. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal Ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 28(51), 371-388. https://doi.org/10.18493/kmusekad.1643560

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