Determinants of Gender Discrimination in Working Hours: The Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Method

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 45, 1014 - 1034, 29.12.2023

Mücella Bursal , İsmail Şentürk

Öz

This study aims to analyze the determinants of gender-based working hours discrimination in the Turkish labor market with the Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition method by using the TURKSTAT Household Labour Force Survey data. The human capital variables (age group, marital status, education level, registration, working type, income, number of employees, occupation, and industry) were included in the explained part of the model; while the unexplained part of the model was labeled as discrimination. The findings of the study show that the coefficient of discrimination arising from the different treatment of women and men in the labor market is higher than the coefficient arising from human capital. It is found that the variables with the highest contribution to the coefficient of discrimination are marital status, working type, and education level, respectively. The findings show that there are differences and discrimination in working hours between women and men. Therefore, the importance of both social norms and labor market institutions in determining working hours is once again seen.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Blinder-Oaxaca, Gender discrimination, labor market, Turkey, workıng hours

Çalışma Saatlerinde Cinsiyet Ayrımcılığının Belirleyicileri: Blinder-Oaxaca Ayrıştırma Yöntemi

Öz

Bu çalışma, TÜİK Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketi verilerini kullanarak, Türkiye işgücü piyasasında cinsiyete dayalı çalışma saatleri ayrımcılığının belirleyicilerini Blinder-Oaxaca Ayrıştırma yöntemiyle analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Modelin açıklanan bölümünde beşeri sermaye değişkenleri (yaş grubu, medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi, kayıt, çalışma türü, gelir, çalışan sayısı, meslek ve sektör) yer almış; modelin açıklanamayan kısmı ise ayrımcılık olarak adlandırılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, işgücü piyasasında kadın ve erkeklere farklı muameleden kaynaklanan ayrımcılık katsayısının beşeri sermaye farklılığından kaynaklanan katsayısından daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrımcılık katsayısına en yüksek katkıyı sağlayan değişkenlerin sırasıyla medeni durum, çalışma şekli ve eğitim düzeyi olduğu bulunmuştur. Bulgular, çalışma saatlerinde kadınlar ve erkekler arasında farklılıklar ve ayrımcılık olduğunu göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla çalışma saatlerinin belirlenmesinde hem toplumsal normların hem de işgücü piyasası kurumlarının önemi bir kez daha görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Blinder-Oaxaca, Cinsiyet Ayrımcılığı, Çalışma Süreleri, İşgücü Piyasası, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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