HAİR LOSS: WHO NEEDS LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS?

Öz

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to emphasize the importance of history and physical examination in patients presenting with hair loss, and to determine in which patients laboratory tests are necessary.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: 622 patients with hair loss complaint, who applied to Karabük Training and Research Hospital Dermatology Clinic between April 2017 and April 2018 were included. The required complete blood count, serum glucose, vitamin B12, vitamin D, TSH, serum iron, iron binding capacity, and ferritin results and accompanying diseases were recorded in the patients diagnosed with any hair loss in the hospital database.

RESULTS: Of the 622 patients, 339 (55%) were female and 283 (45%) were male. 321 (51%) of the patients had diffuse hair loss, 210 of them (33%) alopecia areata, 72 of them (12%) were diagnosed with androgenetic alopecia. The number of patients with scarring hair loss complaints was 14, and the number of patients with tinea capitis diagnosed with hair loss complaints was 5. Iron deficiency anemia was detected in 10% of female patients who complained of diffuse hair loss and Vitamin D deficiency was detected in 30% of patients. It was 34 in scarring alopecia patients. There were no abnormal laboratory findings in women with alopecia areata, androgenetic alopecia and scatricial alopecia except iron deficiency seen in 10% of women with diffuse hair loss.No abnormal laboratory findings could be associated with hair loss in all male patients presenting with hair loss.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that laboratory examination of patients who presented with hair loss complaints did not give information about the cause except for selected patients. It will be a time and economic impact of not wanting unnecessary tests with a good anamnesis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hair loss,alopecia areata,alopecia,anemia,vitamin deficiency

SAÇ DÖKÜLMESİ: LABORATUAR İNCELEMELERİ KİME GEREKLİ?

Öz

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı saç dökülmesi şikâyetiyle başvuran hastalarda öykü ve fizik muayenenin önemini vurgulamak, hangi hastalarda laboratuvar tetkilerinin gerekli olduğunu ortaya koymaktır.

GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya Karabük Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Dermatoloji Polikliniğine Nisan 2017-Nisan 2018 tarihleri arasında saç dökülmesi şikayeti ile başvuran 622 hasta dâhil edildi. Hastane veri tabanındaki elektronik dosyalar yardımıyla herhangi bir saç dökülme türüne ait tanı alan hastaların tanı ve tedavi süreci içinde istenen tam kan sayımı, serum glukoz, vitamin B12, vitamin D, TSH, serum demir, demir bağlama kapasitesi sonuçları, eşlik eden hastalıkları kaydedildi. Bu veriler hastaların demografik özellikleriyle ve literatürle karşılaştırıldı.

BULGULAR: 622 hastanın 339’u (%55) kadın, 283’ünü (%45) erkek idi. Saç dökülmesi yakınmasıyla başvuran hastaların 321’ini (%51) yaygın saç dökülmesi, 210’unu (%33) alopesi areata, 72’sini (%12) androgenetik alopesi tanısı alan hastalar oluşturdu. Skarla sonuçlanmış saç kaybı yakınması olan hasta sayısı 14, saç dökülmesi yakınması nedeniyle başvurup tinea capitis tanısı alan hasta sayısı da 5 olarak belirlendi. Yaygın saç dökülmesi yakınmasıyla başvuran kadın hastaların %10’unda demir eksikliği anemisi, %30’unda Vitamin D eksikliği saptandı. Yaygın dökülme yakınması olan kadın hastaların %10’unda görülen demir eksikliği dışında, alopesi areata, androgenetik alopesi ve skatrisyel alopesili kadın hastalarda anormal labaratuar bulgusu saptanmadı. Saç dökülmesi ile başvuran tüm erkek hastalarda da saç dökülmesiyle ilişkilendirilebilecek anormal labaratuar bulgusu saptanmadı.

SONUÇ: Sonuç olarak saç dökülmesi şikâyeti ile başvuran bazı hastalarda laboratuar tetkikleri, saç dökülmesinin nedeni hakkında fikir vermektedir. İyi bir anamnez ve fizik muayene hangi hastada hangi testlerin istenmesi gerektiği konusunda yol gösterici olabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Saç dökülmesi,alopesi areata,androgenetik alopesi,vitamin eksikliği

Kaynakça

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