EVALUATION OF ANXIETY BURDEN AMONG PARENTS OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY PATIENTS

Öz

OBJECTIVE: Parents of a child with cancer faces many physical and psychological challenging factors during the diagnosis and treatment process. This study was conducted to examine the level of anxiety and the factors affecting anxiety in this parent group.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted in a pediatric hematology treatment center between June and July 2021 after obtaining ethical permissions. The 'STAI anxiety scale questionnaire' was administered to 100 parents whose children were diagnosed with cancer. The data was evaluated with appropriate statistical methods (chi-square, Anova and mean-t-test) selected according to the distribution feature; p<0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.
RESULTS: It was observed that the number of children in families with high income was significantly lower (p=0.023). As the education level increased, the STAI anxiety scale scores of the parents also increased statistically significantly (p=0.019). It was observed that the child's receiving treatment, being in remission, or relapsed illness did not have a significant effect on the parental anxiety level (p=0.785).
CONCLUSIONS: Parents' high education level and reduced income were found to be associated with increased anxiety levels. Informative meetings to be held at regular intervals with parents in company of psychologists can have a reducing effect on anxiety.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anksiyete
• Çocuk
• Ebeveynler
• Hematoloji
• Onkoloji.
• Anxiety
• Child
• Parents
• Hematology
• Oncology

PEDİATRİK HEMATOLOJİ-ONKOLOJİ HASTALARININ EBEVEYNLERİNİN KAYGI YÜKÜNÜN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

AMAÇ: Kanser hastası çocuğa sahip ebeveyn tanı ve tedavi sürecinde fiziksel ve psikolojik bir çok zorlayıcı faktörle yüzleşir. Bu çalışma bu ebeveyn grubunda kaygı düzeyi ve kaygıya etki eden faktörleri incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Araştırma, Haziran - Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında bir çocuk hematoloji tedavi merkezinde gerekli etik izinler alınarak yapıldı. Çocuğu kanser tanısı almış 100 ebeveyne ‘STAI anksiyete ölçeği anketi’ uygulandı. Veriler dağılım özelliğine göre seçilmiş olan uygun istatiksel yöntemlerle (ki-kare, Anova ve ortalama-t-testi) ile değerlendirildi; p<0,05 istatiksel anlamlı olarak kabul edilmişdi.
BULGULAR: Gelir durumu yüksek ailelerin çocuk sayısının anlamlı olarak düşük olduğu görüldü (p=0,023). Eğitim düzeyi arttıkça, anne ve babaların STAI kaygı ölçeği skorlarının da istatistiksel anlamlı olarak arttığı görüldü (p=0,019). Hasta çocuğun tedavi alıyor olmasının, remisyonda olmasının veya relaps hastalık durumunun ebeveyn kaygı düzeyine anlamlı etki etmediği görüldü (p=0,785).
SONUÇ: Ebeveynin yüksek eğitim seviyesi ve azalmış gelir durumu artmış anksiyete düzeyi ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Anne ve babalar ile psikolog eşliğinde düzenli aralıklarla yapılacak bilgilendirme toplantıları kaygıyı azaltıcı etkide bulunabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anksiyete
• Çocuk
• Ebeveynler
• Hematoloji
• Onkoloji.
• Anxiety
• Child
• Parents
• Hematology
• Oncology

Kaynakça

1. 1. Johnston WT, Erdmann F, Newton R, Steliarova-Foucher E, Schüz J, Roman E. Childhood cancer: Estimating regional and global incidence. Cancer Epidemiol. 2021;71(Pt B):101662.
2. 2. McCarthy MC, Clarke NE, Vance A, Ashley DM, Heath JA, Anderson VA. Measuring psychosocial risk in families caring for a child with cancer: the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT2.0). Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;53(1):78-83.
3. 3. Kutluk MT, Yeşilipek A. Pediatric cancer registry in Turkey 2009-2020 (TPOG & TPHD). Journal of Clinical Oncology 2021(39);15:22519-22519.
4. 4. Kose S, Arar AT, Yildirim G. The Relationship Between the Care Loads and Anxiety Levels of Parents Whose Child Has Cancer/Kanser Tanisi Konmus Cocuga Sahip Olan Ebeveynlerin Bakim Yukleri Ile Anksiyete Duzeyleri Arasindaki Iliski. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing. 2019;16(4):282-8.
5. 5. Pagano E, Baldi I, Mosso ML, et al. The economic burden of caregiving on families of children and adolescents with cancer: a population-based assessment. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61(6):1088-93.
6. 6. Koch KD, Jones BL. Supporting Parent Caregivers of Children with Life-Limiting Illness. Children. 2018;5(7):85.
7. 7. Yıldırım G, Göktaş SB, Köse S, Yıldız T. Kemoterapi Tedavisi Gören Çocukların Annelerindeki Kaygı Düzeyleri. International Journal of Basic and Clinical Medicine. 2015;2(2):69-76.
8. 8. Arıkan D, Çelebioğlu A. Kanserli Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerin Durumluluk ve Sürekli Anksiyete Düzeyinin İncelenmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilim Dergisi. 2010;2(1).

9. 9. Wang J, Shen N, Zhang X, et al. Care burden and its predictive factors in parents of newly diagnosed children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in academic hospitals in China. Support Care Cancer. 2017;25(12):3703-13.
10. 10. Walling EB, Fiala M, Connolly A, Drevenak A, Gehlert S. Challenges Associated With Living Remotely From a Pediatric Cancer Center: A Qualitative Study. J Oncol Pract. 2019;15(3):219-229.
11. 11. Eyigor S, Karapolat H, Yesil H, Kantar M. The quality of life and psychological status of mothers of hospitalized pediatric oncology patients. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2011;28(5):428-38.
12. 12. Creswell PD, Wisk LE, Litzelman K, Allchin A, Witt WP. Parental depressive symptoms and childhood cancer: the importance of financial difficulties. Support Care Cancer. 2014;22(2):503-11.
13. 13. Çınar S, Boztepe H, Ay A, et al. Predictors of Parenting Stress in Parents of Children with Cancer in Turkey. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2021;(1):102022.
14. 14. Elcigil A, Conk Z. Determining the burden of mothers with children who have cancer. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi. 2010;3(4):175-81.
15. 15. Van Warmerdam J, Zabih V, Kurdyak P, Sutradhar R, Nathan PC, Gupta S. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder in parents of children with cancer: A meta-analysis. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2019;66(6):27677.
16. 16. Boman K, Lindahl A, Björk O. Disease-related distress in parents of children with cancer at various stages after the time of diagnosis. Acta Oncol. 2003;42(2):137-46.
17. 17. Norberg AL, Boman KK. Parent distress in childhood cancer: a comparative evaluation of posttraumatic stress symptoms, depression and anxiety. Acta Oncol. 2008;47(2):267-74.
18. 18. Dunn MJ, Rodriguez EM, Barnwell AS, Grossenbacher JC, Vannatta K, Gerhardt CA, Compas BE. Posttraumatic stress symptoms in parents of children with cancer within six months of diagnosis. Health Psychol. 2012;31(2):176-85.
19. 19. Masa'deh R, Jarrah S. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Parents of Children With Cancer in Jordan. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2017;31(1):8-12.
20. 20. Tükel R. Panik Bozukluğu. J Clin Psy. 2002;5(3): 5-13.