İlişkili Hareket (Associated Motion) ve Türkçe Fiiller

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 16, 217 - 231, 28.06.2024

Abdullah Çiğil , Mehmet Alaybeyoğlu

https://doi.org/10.51531/korkutataturkiyat.1477923

Öz

Fiillere başta yön ilişkisi olmak üzere amaç, niyet, zamansal sıralama, görünüş vb. anlam ilişkileri yükleyen ilişkili hareket; zaman, görünüş, kip gibi evrensel bir kategori olarak kabul edilmektedir. İlk olarak Avustralya dillerinde tespit edilen ilişkili hareket, genel olarak morfolojik bir kategori olarak kabul edilmiş ve bu görüş, uzun yıllar kabul görmüştür. Ancak son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar, evrensel özellikler gösteren dil bilgisel bir kategorinin sadece bütün dillerde morfolojik yollarla karşılanmasının oldukça genel bir ifade olduğunu, bu tür kategorilerin başka dil bilgisel yollarla (söz dizimsel, sözlüksel) kodlanabileceğini göstermiştir. İlişkili hareket üzerine yapılan çalışmaların sayısı arttıkça bu kategorinin yalnızca morfolojik bir kategori olmadığı görüşü ağırlık kazanmıştır. Bu çalışma, evrensel bir kategori olarak kabul edilen ilişkili hareketin Türkçede de bulunduğunu ve morfo-sentaktik ve sözlüksel yollarla kodlandığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Türkçedeki ilişkili hareket üzerine yapılan ilk çalışma olması sebebiyle önem arz eden bu çalışmada ilişkili hareketin çok fiilli yapılar (seri fiil yapıları, birleşik fiil) ile kodlandığını ve bu yapıların oluşumunda kullanılan zaman ekleri ve zarf-fiil eklerinin morfolojik bir rol üstlendiği görüşü savunulmaktadır. Çalışmada, Türkçedeki ilişkili hareket örnekleri yazılı kaynaklardan ve konuşma dilinden tespit edilmiş, işlevlerine göre iki sınıfa (birleşik fiil şeklindeki ilişkili hareket, seri fiil şeklindeki ilişkili hareket) ayrılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkçedeki ilişkili hareket üzerine yapılacak çalışmalar için bazı veriler sunacağı gibi karşılaştırmalı dil araştırmalarında Türkçeyi ilişkili hareket özelliklerine göre değerlendirme imkânı sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hareket, fiil, ilişkili hareket, Türkçe.

Associated Motion and Turkish Verb

Öz

Verbs are given the direction relationship, purpose, intention, temporal sequence, aspect, etc. relational motion that imposes meaning relations; It is accepted as a universal category such as tense, aspect and mood. The associated motion, which was first detected in Australian languages, was generally accepted as a morphological category and this view has been accepted for many years, but recent studies have shown that a grammatical category with universal features is met only by morphological means in all languages showed that it can be encoded by grammatical means (syntactic, lexical). As the number of studies on associated movement increases, it has strengthened the view that this category is not just a morphological category. This study aims to reveal that the associated motion, which is accepted as a universal category, also exists in Turkish and is coded through morpho-syntactic and lexical means. In this study, which is important because it is the first study on associated motion in Turkish, it is argued that the relative motion in Turkish is coded with multi-verb structures (serial verb structures, compound verbs) and the tense suffixes and gerund suffixes used in the formation of these structures play a morphological role. In the study, examples of associated motion in Turkish were identified from written sources and spoken language and divided into two classes (associated motion in the form of compound verbs, related actions in the form of serial verbs) according to their functions. This study will provide some data for studies on associated motion in Turkish, as well as the opportunity to evaluate Turkish according to its associated motion features in cross-linguistic research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Motion, verb, associated motion, Turkish.

Kaynakça

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