AR-GE HARCAMALARINDA PATENT STOĞUNUN ÖNEMİ: İMALAT SANAYİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA

Öz

Özet Bilgiye dayalı ekonomilerin büyümesinin Ar-Ge ve teknolojik yeniliklerle desteklendiği yaygın olarak kabul edilmektedir. Gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin Ar-Ge'ye büyük oranlarda yatırım yapmasıyla birlikte, bilimsel verimliliğe ve Ar-Ge sürecine olan ilgi giderek artmaktadır. Birçok firma patent alarak pazarda rekabet gücü elde etmek için Ar-Ge çalışmaları yapmaktadır. Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, imalat sanayinde faaliyet gösteren firmaların Ar-Ge harcamaları yapmasında bilgi stoğunun öneminin araştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Çalışma kapsamında bağımlı değişkenin tüm değerlerine ulaşılamaması sebebiyle Tobit model kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan değişkenler; Ar-Ge harcamaları, patent sayısı, patent stoğu ve ciro değişkenleridir. Bulgular: Elde edilen tahmin sonuçlarına göre Ar-Ge harcamalarının artmasında patent stoğu ve ciro pozitif etkiye sahipken patent sayısı ise negatif etkiye sahiptir. Özgünlük: Literatür taraması yapıldığında patentleri konu alan akademik çalışma sayısının çok fazla olduğu görülmektedir. Patent stoğunun önemine dikkat çeken çalışmaların nispeten genel patent sayıları çalışmalarına göre daha az olması ve bu konuda Türkiye imalat sanayiye yönelik bir araştırma yapılmamış olmasından dolayı bu çalışmanın literatüre katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Patent
• patent stoğu
• Ar-ge harcamaları
• bilgi stoğu
• Tobit model

THE IMPORTANCE OF PATENT STOCK IN R&D EXPENDITURES: AN APPLICATION ON TURKISH MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

Öz

Abstract It is widely recognized that the growth of knowledge-based economies is supported by R&D and technological innovation. With developed and developing countries investing heavily in R&D, there is growing interest in scientific productivity and the R&D process. Many firms carry out R&D activities in order to gain competitive power in the market by obtaining patents. In this study, a Tobit model was estimated using the variables of R&D expenditures, number of patents, patent stock and turnover for the years 2003-2021. According to the estimation results obtained, patent stock and turnover have a positive effect on the increase in R&D expenditures, while the number of patents has a negative effect. Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the importance of stock of knowledge in R&D expenditures of firms operating in the manufacturing industry. Method: Within the scope of the study, Tobit model was used since all values of the dependent variable could not be reached. The variables used in the study are R&D expenditures, number of patents, patent stock and turnover. Findings: According to the estimation results obtained, patent stock and turnover have a positive effect on the increase in R&D expenditures, while the number of patents has a negative effect. Originality: A literature review reveals that the number of academic studies on patents is very high. This study is thought to contribute to the literature since the studies emphasizing the importance of patent stock are relatively fewer than the studies on the number of patents in general and no research has been conducted on the Turkish manufacturing industry.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Patent
• patent stock
• R&D expenditures
• knowledge stock
• Tobit model

Kaynakça

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