Türkiye'de İnsan Hakları: Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi ve Yarım Asırlık İmtihan

Öz

Türkiye, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi’ne taraf oluşundan neredeyse 35 yıl sonra, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’ne bireysel başvuru hakkını tanımıştır. O günden bugüne, Türkiye ile Mahkeme’nin oldukça ihtilaflı bir ilişkileri olmuştur. Mahkeme, Avrupa Konseyi üyelerinin temel insan haklarına bağlılığını temin etmede meşru bir otorite olduğundan, Türkiye de bu denetimden muaf değildir. Ne yazık ki Türkiye’nin sicili başarılı olmaktan çok uzaktır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi ile çatışmalı ilişkisi incelenecektir. İstatistiksel verilerin değerlendirilmesini takiben, tartışma öncelikle mahkeme kararlarının ulusal düzeyde uygulanmasına odaklanacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İnsan hakları, AİHM, Avrupa kamu düzeni

Human Rights in Turkey: The European Court of Human Rights and Half a Century Examination

Öz

After almost 35 years Turkey acceded the European Convention of Human Rights, the country recognized the individual petition right to the European Court of Human Rights. Until now, Turkey and the Court have a very struggling relationship. Since the Court is a legitimate authority to ensure the Council of Europe’s member states loyalty to fundamental human rights, Turkey is no exempt from this auditing. Unfortunately, Turkey’s record is away from successfull. In this paper Turkey’s conflicting relationship with the European Court of Human Rights will be addressed. After evaluating teh statistical data, the discussion will focus primarily on domestic application of the Court’s decisions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Human rights, ECHR, European public order

Kaynakça

1. Kitaplar
2. Dinan, Desmond (2005). Ever Closer Union: An Introduction to European Integration. USA: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
3. Gemalmaz, Semih (2012). Ulusalüstü İnsan Hakları Hukukunun Genel Teorisine Giriş. Cilt 2. İstanbul: Legal Yayıncılık. Makaleler
4. Anagnoustou, Dia (2010). “Does European Human Rights Law Matter? Implementation and Domestic Impact of Strasbourg Court Judgments in Minority- Related Policies”. International Journal of Human Rights, 14(5): 721- 743.
5. Caflisch, Lucius (2006). “The Reform of the European Court of Human Rights: Protocol No. 14 and Beyond”. Human Rights Law Review, 6(2): 403- 415.
6. Okay Tekinsoy, Özge (2011). “Avrupa Kamu Düzeni Kavramı”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1): 66- 79.
7. Özbudun, Ergun (2007).“Democratization Reforms in Turkey, 1993- 2004”. Turkish Studies, 8(2): 179- 196.
8. Ress, Georg (2004- 2005). “The Effect of Decisions and Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights in the Domestic Legal Order”. Texas International Law Journal, 40: 359- 389.

9. Elektronik Kaynaklar
10. http://www.coe.int/en/web/about-us/achievements (Çevrimiçi) 16 Haziran 2015.
11. http://www.coe.int/en/web/about-us/founding-fathers (Çevrimiçi) 25 Şubat 2015.
12. http://www.coe.int/en/web/about-us/structure (Çevrimiçi) 16 Haziran 2015.
13. http://www.coe.int/en/web/about-us/values (Çevrimiçi) 16 Haziran 2015.
14. http://www.coe.int/en/web/about-us/who-we-are (Çevrimiçi) 25 Şubat 2015.
15. http://www.coe.int/en/web/portal/10-october-against-death-penalty (Çevrimiçi) 16 Haziran 2015.
16. http://www.coe.int/t/democracy/intercultural_dialogue_en.asp (Çevrimiçi) 16 Haziran 2015.
17. http://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/CP_Turkey_ENG.pdf (Çevrimiçi) 16 Şubat 2014.
18. http://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Stats_violation_1959_2014_ENG.pdf (Çevrimiçi) 1 Mart 2015.
19. http://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Stats_violation_2014_ENG.pdf (Çevrimiçi) 1 Mart 2014.
20. http://www.uhdigm.adalet.gov.tr/sozlesmeler/coktaraflisoz/ak.html (Çevrimiçi) 16 Şubat 2015. Belgeler
21. Council of Europe, “Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms”, (adopted 4 November 1950- entry into force 3 September 1953), London, CETS 005.
22. Council of Europe, “Protocol No. 13 to the Convention fort he Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms concerning the Abolition of the Death Penalty in All Circumstances”, (adopted 3 May 2002- entry into force 1 July 2003), Vilnius, CETS 187.
23. Council of Europe, “Protocol No. 6 to the Convention fort he Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms concerning the Abolition of the Death Penalty”, (adopted 28 April 1983- entry into force 1 March 1985), Strasbourg, CETS 114.
24. Council of Europe, “Statute of the Council of Europe”, (adopted 5 May 1949- entry into force 3 August 1949), London, CETS 001.
25. European Court of Human Rights (Public Relations Office), “Overview 1959- 2014 ECHR”, Strasbourg: Public Relations Office of the Court, February 2015 (b).
26. European Court of Human Rights (Public Relations Office), “The European Court of Human Rights in Facts and Figures- 2014”, Strasbourg: Public Relations Office of the Court, February 2015 (a).
27. European Court of Human Rights, “Analysis of the Statistics 2012”, Strasbourg, January 2013.
28. European Court of Human Rights, “Analysis of the Statistics 2013”, Strasbourg, January 2014.
29. Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi, “Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasasının Bazı Maddelerinde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun”, 7.5.2012- 5982.