Yunanistan Borç Krizi: Nedenleri, Etkileri ve Alternatif Çözüm Önerileri

Öz

Yunanistan borç krizi, sadece Yunanistan’ı değil, Avrupa Birliği içerisindeki diğer ülkeleri de olumsuz etkilemiştir. Gittikçe bozulan makroekonomik yapı, artan ticari açık, zayıflayan rekabet gücü ve hatalı finansal yönetimle Yunanistan, ekonomi yönetiminde yeterince başarılı olamadığını ortaya koymuştur. Öte yandan, bir yandan AB üyesi diğer ülkelerin, diğer yandan da yerel yöneticilerin tüm çabalarına rağmen kamu borçlarını ödeme konusunda piyasa beklentilerinin giderek zayıflaması, Yunanistan borç krizinin derinleşmesine neden oluşturmuştur. Bu kriz, Yunanistan ekonomisindeki derin problemleri gün yüzüne çıkarması yanında, Avrupa Birliği bünyesinde uygulanan ortak para politikası ve ayrık maliye politikalarının da sorgulanmasına yol açmıştır. Üstelik birlik içindeki finansal bağımlılığın yüksek olması nedeniyle, para birliği içinde olan diğer ülkelere de krizin bulaşma ihtimali söz konusu olmuştur. Bu bilgiler ışığında, bu çalışmada Yunanistan borç krizinin endojen ve egzojen nedenleri belirtildikten sonra, krize yönelik olarak Yunanistan ve Avrupa Birliği tarafından alınan tedbirler üzerinde durulacaktır. Çalışmanın son kısmında ise krize yönelik olarak kısa ve uzun vadede uygulanabilecek alternatif çözüm önerileri açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yunanistan borç krizi, Avrupa Birliği, finansal sürdürülebilirlik, borç yapılanması

The Greek Sovereign Debt Crisis: Causes, Impacts and Some Policy Recommendation

Öz

The Greek Sovereign Debt Crisis, exposed both Greece and Eurozone. Greek authorities had failed to overcome endemic problems of fiscal mismanagement, low competitiveness and trade deficits. Steady deterioriation of Greek macroeconomic fundamentals and disappointing market expectations from Greek fiscal liabilities can be considered as the basic reasons of Greek crisis. Greek Debt Crisis has also brought questions with the Eurozone which has unified monetary policy and diverse fiscal policies. At this point, it has come to light that there may be a risk of contagion to the other EMU countries. This atricle provides an overview of the sovereign debt crisis in Greece, outlines the major causes of the crisis focusing on both domestic and international factors and the response of the local and Eurozone authorities to the crisis. Finally, short run and long run solution suggestions for the crisis will be explained

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Greece sovereign debt crisis, Eurozone, Fiscal sustainability, Debt restructuring

Kaynakça

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41. ÖNERİLERİ Ayfer GEDİKLİ•