Türkiye'de Yapısal Kırılmalar Altında Yolsuzluk ‐ Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi
Yıl 2014,
Sayı: 27, 73 - 86, 01.06.2014
Furkan Beşel
Fatih Savaşan
Öz
et Ekonomik büyümeyi etkileyen birçok faktör bulunmakla beraber bu çalışmada “Yolsuzluk – Ekonomik Büyüme” ilişkisi analiz edilmiştir. Yolsuzluk üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda yolsuzluğun ekonomik büyümeyi olumlu etkilediğini savunan görüşlerin yanı sıra olumsuz etkilediği görüşü de savunulmaktadır. Türkiye için, 1985:01- 2012:11 dönemi aylık verileri kullanılarak sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Yapısal kırılmaları da dikkate alan Zivot-Andrews birim kök, Gregory-Hansen eşbütünleşme ve Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testleri uygulanarak elde edilen bulgulara göre değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisi bulunmadığı, ancak ekonomik büyümeden yolsuzluklara doğru ve tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
Kaynakça
- Akçacı, Taner (2013), “Eğitim Harcamalarının İktisadi Büyümeye Etkisi”, Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(5): 65-79.
- Ali, Nasrul, Grant Cullen and Dominic Gasbarro (2010), “The Coexistence of Corruption and Economic Growth in East Asia: Miracle or Alarm?”, Murdoch Business School.
- Aydoğuş, İsmail, Erol Kutlu, Selim Yıldırım (2005), “Yolsuzluk ve Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F Dergisi, VII(2): 1-21.
- Baldemir, Ercan, Hatice Özkoç, Öznur İşçi (2009), “MIMIC Model ve Yolsuzluk Üzerine Türkiye Uygulaması”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2): 49-63.
- Beck, Paul J. and Michael W. Maher (1986), “A Comparison of Bribery and Bidding in Thin Markets”, Economics Letters, 20: 1-5.
- Drury, A.Cooper, Jonathan Krieckhaus and Michael Lusztig (2006), “Corruption, Democracy and Economic Growth”, International Political Science Review, 27(2): 121-136.
- Farida, Moe and Fredoun Ahmadi-Esfahani (2006), “Corruption and Economic Growth in Lebanon”, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society 52nd Annual Conference.
- Gedikli, Ayfer (2011), “Kamu Hizmetlerinin Yönetimi Sürecinde Yolsuzluğun Derinleştirdiği Ekonomik Büyüme ve Yoksulluk Sorunu Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, Öneri, 9(36): 169- 188.
- Gerni, Mine, Ömer Selçuk Emsen, Dilek Özdemir ve Özge Buzdağlı (2012), “Yolsuzluğun Belirleyicileri ve Büyüme ile İlişkileri”, International Conference On Eurasian Economies, 1B: 131-139.
- Giray, Filiz (2005), “Yolsuzluk ve Yolsuzluğun Vergi Yapısı Üzerine Etkileri”, İ.Ü. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(9): 93-122.
- Glynn, John, Nelson Perera and Reetu Verma (2007), “Unit Root Tests and Structural Breaks: A Survey with Applications”, Journal of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, 3(1): 63-79.
- Göktan, Alper (2009), “Yolsuzluğun Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkileri ve Yolsuzluğu Önleme Stratejileri”, Çimento İşveren, Temmuz: 20-27.
- Gregory, Allan W. and Bruce E. Hansen (1996), “Residual-based tests for cointegration in models with regime shifts”, Journal of Econometrics, 70(1): 99-126.
- Gupta, Sanjeev, Hamid Davoodi, Rosa Alonso-Terme (1998), “Does Corruption Affect İncome İnequality And Poverty? ”, IMF Working Paper, 76:41
- http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/ Erişim Tarihi: 10.02.2014
- http://www.prsgroup.com/
- Erişim Tarihi: 18.01.2014
- Huang, Chiung-Ju (2012), “Corruption, Economic Growth, and Income Inequality: Evidence from Ten Countries in Asia”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and TechnolnICRG, 66: 354-358.
- Huntington, Samuel P. (1968), “Political Order in Changing Societies”, Yale University Press.
- Jalles, Joao Tovar (2011), “The Impact of Democracy and Corruption on The Debt - Growth Relationship in Developing Countries”, Journal of Economic Development, 36(4): 41-72.
- Karagöz, Kadir ve Murat Karagöz (2010), “Yolsuzluk, Ekonomik Büyüme Ve Kamu Harcamaları: Türkiye İçin Ampirik Bir Analiz”, Sayıştay Dergisi, 76(Ocak-Mart): 5-22.
- Knack, Stephen and Philip Keefer (1995), “Institutions and Economic Performance: Cross- Country Tests Using Alternative Institutional Measures”, Economics and Politics, 7(3): 207-235.
- Koyuncu, Cüneyt and Gautam Bhattacharyya (2007), “Predicting Corrupt Practices in the Public Sector for 23 OECD Countries”, Applied Econometrics and International Development, pp. 15-36.
- Lambsdorff, J. Graf (2001), “Framework Document”, Transparency International Background.
- Lui, Francis T. (1985), “An Equilibrium Queuing Model of Bribery”, Journal of Political Economy, 93(4): 760-781.
- Mauro, Paolo (1995), “Corruption And Growth”, Quarterly Journal Of Economics, 110(3): 681- 712.
- Meon, Pierre-Guillaume and Khalid Sekkat (2005), “Does Corruption Grease or Sand The Wheels of Growth?”, Public Choice, 122: 69-97.
- Perron, Pierre (1989), “The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock, and The Unit Root
- Hypothesis”, Econometrica, 57: 1361-1401.
- Podobnik, Boris, Jia Shao, Djuro Njavro, Plamen Ch. Ivanov and H.E. Stanley (2008), “Influence of Corruption on Economic Growth Rate and Foreign Investment”, The European Physical Journal B, 63: 547-550.
- Powell, Benjamin, G.P. Manish and Malavika Nair (2010), “Corruption, Crime and Economic Growth”, Handbook on the Economics of Crime.
- Rahman, Matiur and Muhammad Mustafa (1997), “Dynamics of Real Exports and Real Economic Growths in 13 Seleceted Asian Countries”, Journal of Economic Development, 22(2): 81-95.
- Savasan, Fatih (2002), “Essays on the Hidden Economy”, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Kansas.
- Savasan, Fatih and M. Emin Altundemir (2007), “Corruption and Hidden Economy: Letting the Fingerprints Tell the Story”, European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, pp. 114-130.
- Schwert, G. William (1988), “Tests For Unit Roots: A Monte Carlo Investigation”, NBER Technical Working Paper Series, 7(2): 147-159.
- Tıraşoğlu, Muhammed ve Burcu Yıldırım (2012), “Yapısal Kırılma Durumunda Sağlık Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Türkiye Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Electronic Journal of Vocational Colleges, 2(2): 111-117.
- Toda, Hiro Y. and Taku Yamamoto (1995), “Statistical Inference In Vector Autoregressions With Possibly Integrated Processes”, Journal of Econometrics, 66(1-2): 225-250.
- Uğur, Mehmet and Nandini Dasgupta (2011), “Evidence on the Economic Growth Impacts of Corruption in Low-income Countries and Beyond: a Systematic Review”, EPPI-Centre Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London.
- Yakar, Soner ve Kemal Cebeci (2007), “Yolsuzluğun Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkileri Üzerine Teorik Bir İnceleme”, Çimento İşveren Dergisi, s.16-29.
- Yılancı, Veli ve Burcu Özcan (2010), “Yapısal Kırılmalar Altında Türkiye için Savunma Harcamaları ile GSMH Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi”, C.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 11(1): 21-33.
- Yüksel, Harun (2010), “Yolsuzluk ve Ekonomik Büyüme”, Akademik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 43: 41-47.
- Zivot, Eric and Donald W.K. Andrews (1992), “Further Evidence of the Great Crash, The Oil- Price Shock and The Unit Root Hypothesis”, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 10(3): 251-270.
- World Bank (1997), “Development Report”. (http: //econ.worldbank.org) Erişim Tarihi: 12.01.2013
Relationship Between Corruption and Economic Growth Under Structural Breaks
Yıl 2014,
Sayı: 27, 73 - 86, 01.06.2014
Furkan Beşel
Fatih Savaşan
Öz
There are many factors that affect economic growth, one of which is corruption. This study analyzes
the relationship between corruption and economic growth. There are two views on the effect of
corruption on growth. One view claims that corruption has positive effect on growth whereas the other
predicts negative one. This paper utilizes monthly data from 1985 to 2012 and checks for cointegration
and causality between corruption and economic growth. Zivot-Andrews unit root, Gregory-Hansen
cointegration and Toda-Yamamoto causality tests indicate that there is no cointegration between the
two and there is one-way causality from economic growth to corruption.
Kaynakça
- Akçacı, Taner (2013), “Eğitim Harcamalarının İktisadi Büyümeye Etkisi”, Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(5): 65-79.
- Ali, Nasrul, Grant Cullen and Dominic Gasbarro (2010), “The Coexistence of Corruption and Economic Growth in East Asia: Miracle or Alarm?”, Murdoch Business School.
- Aydoğuş, İsmail, Erol Kutlu, Selim Yıldırım (2005), “Yolsuzluk ve Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F Dergisi, VII(2): 1-21.
- Baldemir, Ercan, Hatice Özkoç, Öznur İşçi (2009), “MIMIC Model ve Yolsuzluk Üzerine Türkiye Uygulaması”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2): 49-63.
- Beck, Paul J. and Michael W. Maher (1986), “A Comparison of Bribery and Bidding in Thin Markets”, Economics Letters, 20: 1-5.
- Drury, A.Cooper, Jonathan Krieckhaus and Michael Lusztig (2006), “Corruption, Democracy and Economic Growth”, International Political Science Review, 27(2): 121-136.
- Farida, Moe and Fredoun Ahmadi-Esfahani (2006), “Corruption and Economic Growth in Lebanon”, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society 52nd Annual Conference.
- Gedikli, Ayfer (2011), “Kamu Hizmetlerinin Yönetimi Sürecinde Yolsuzluğun Derinleştirdiği Ekonomik Büyüme ve Yoksulluk Sorunu Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, Öneri, 9(36): 169- 188.
- Gerni, Mine, Ömer Selçuk Emsen, Dilek Özdemir ve Özge Buzdağlı (2012), “Yolsuzluğun Belirleyicileri ve Büyüme ile İlişkileri”, International Conference On Eurasian Economies, 1B: 131-139.
- Giray, Filiz (2005), “Yolsuzluk ve Yolsuzluğun Vergi Yapısı Üzerine Etkileri”, İ.Ü. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(9): 93-122.
- Glynn, John, Nelson Perera and Reetu Verma (2007), “Unit Root Tests and Structural Breaks: A Survey with Applications”, Journal of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, 3(1): 63-79.
- Göktan, Alper (2009), “Yolsuzluğun Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkileri ve Yolsuzluğu Önleme Stratejileri”, Çimento İşveren, Temmuz: 20-27.
- Gregory, Allan W. and Bruce E. Hansen (1996), “Residual-based tests for cointegration in models with regime shifts”, Journal of Econometrics, 70(1): 99-126.
- Gupta, Sanjeev, Hamid Davoodi, Rosa Alonso-Terme (1998), “Does Corruption Affect İncome İnequality And Poverty? ”, IMF Working Paper, 76:41
- http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/ Erişim Tarihi: 10.02.2014
- http://www.prsgroup.com/
- Erişim Tarihi: 18.01.2014
- Huang, Chiung-Ju (2012), “Corruption, Economic Growth, and Income Inequality: Evidence from Ten Countries in Asia”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and TechnolnICRG, 66: 354-358.
- Huntington, Samuel P. (1968), “Political Order in Changing Societies”, Yale University Press.
- Jalles, Joao Tovar (2011), “The Impact of Democracy and Corruption on The Debt - Growth Relationship in Developing Countries”, Journal of Economic Development, 36(4): 41-72.
- Karagöz, Kadir ve Murat Karagöz (2010), “Yolsuzluk, Ekonomik Büyüme Ve Kamu Harcamaları: Türkiye İçin Ampirik Bir Analiz”, Sayıştay Dergisi, 76(Ocak-Mart): 5-22.
- Knack, Stephen and Philip Keefer (1995), “Institutions and Economic Performance: Cross- Country Tests Using Alternative Institutional Measures”, Economics and Politics, 7(3): 207-235.
- Koyuncu, Cüneyt and Gautam Bhattacharyya (2007), “Predicting Corrupt Practices in the Public Sector for 23 OECD Countries”, Applied Econometrics and International Development, pp. 15-36.
- Lambsdorff, J. Graf (2001), “Framework Document”, Transparency International Background.
- Lui, Francis T. (1985), “An Equilibrium Queuing Model of Bribery”, Journal of Political Economy, 93(4): 760-781.
- Mauro, Paolo (1995), “Corruption And Growth”, Quarterly Journal Of Economics, 110(3): 681- 712.
- Meon, Pierre-Guillaume and Khalid Sekkat (2005), “Does Corruption Grease or Sand The Wheels of Growth?”, Public Choice, 122: 69-97.
- Perron, Pierre (1989), “The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock, and The Unit Root
- Hypothesis”, Econometrica, 57: 1361-1401.
- Podobnik, Boris, Jia Shao, Djuro Njavro, Plamen Ch. Ivanov and H.E. Stanley (2008), “Influence of Corruption on Economic Growth Rate and Foreign Investment”, The European Physical Journal B, 63: 547-550.
- Powell, Benjamin, G.P. Manish and Malavika Nair (2010), “Corruption, Crime and Economic Growth”, Handbook on the Economics of Crime.
- Rahman, Matiur and Muhammad Mustafa (1997), “Dynamics of Real Exports and Real Economic Growths in 13 Seleceted Asian Countries”, Journal of Economic Development, 22(2): 81-95.
- Savasan, Fatih (2002), “Essays on the Hidden Economy”, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Kansas.
- Savasan, Fatih and M. Emin Altundemir (2007), “Corruption and Hidden Economy: Letting the Fingerprints Tell the Story”, European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, pp. 114-130.
- Schwert, G. William (1988), “Tests For Unit Roots: A Monte Carlo Investigation”, NBER Technical Working Paper Series, 7(2): 147-159.
- Tıraşoğlu, Muhammed ve Burcu Yıldırım (2012), “Yapısal Kırılma Durumunda Sağlık Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Türkiye Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Electronic Journal of Vocational Colleges, 2(2): 111-117.
- Toda, Hiro Y. and Taku Yamamoto (1995), “Statistical Inference In Vector Autoregressions With Possibly Integrated Processes”, Journal of Econometrics, 66(1-2): 225-250.
- Uğur, Mehmet and Nandini Dasgupta (2011), “Evidence on the Economic Growth Impacts of Corruption in Low-income Countries and Beyond: a Systematic Review”, EPPI-Centre Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London.
- Yakar, Soner ve Kemal Cebeci (2007), “Yolsuzluğun Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkileri Üzerine Teorik Bir İnceleme”, Çimento İşveren Dergisi, s.16-29.
- Yılancı, Veli ve Burcu Özcan (2010), “Yapısal Kırılmalar Altında Türkiye için Savunma Harcamaları ile GSMH Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi”, C.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 11(1): 21-33.
- Yüksel, Harun (2010), “Yolsuzluk ve Ekonomik Büyüme”, Akademik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 43: 41-47.
- Zivot, Eric and Donald W.K. Andrews (1992), “Further Evidence of the Great Crash, The Oil- Price Shock and The Unit Root Hypothesis”, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 10(3): 251-270.
- World Bank (1997), “Development Report”. (http: //econ.worldbank.org) Erişim Tarihi: 12.01.2013