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Psikolojik Güçlendirmenin Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışına Etkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2012, Sayı: 23, 19 - 48, 01.06.2012

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, psikolojik güçlendirmenin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı üzerine olan etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda A kamu kurumunda çalışanlara yönelik bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada psikolojik güçlendirme; anlam, uyum, özerklik, etki, sosyo-politik destek, stratejik bilgiye/kaynaklara erişim ve birim kültürü boyutları ele alınırken örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı, diğergamlık, vicdanlılık, sivil erdem, centilmenlik ve nezaket boyutları ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, diğergamlık ve vicdanlılık ile anlam, uyum, özerklik, etki, sosyo-politik destek, stratejik bilgiye/kaynaklara erişim ve birim kültürü boyutları arasında orda düzeyde pozitif bir ilişkinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca centilmenlik ve nezaket ile anlam ve uyum arasında da orta düzeyde pozitif bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Özetle, psikolojik güçlendirmenin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışını olumlu etkilediği görülmüştür

Kaynakça

  • Alge, Bradley J.; Ballinger, Gary A.; Tangirala, Subrahmaniam,;Oakley, James L. (2006), Information Privacy In Organizations: Empowering Creative and Extrarole Performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 91 (1): 221–232.
  • Allen, David; Shore, Lynn, M.; Griffeth, Rodger W. (2003), “The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Supportive Human Resource Practices in the Turnover Process”,. Journal of Management, (29): 99- 118.
  • Allen, Natalie ve Meyer, John P. (1996), “Affective, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization: An Examination of Construct Validity”, Journal of Vocational Behaviour, (49): 252-276.
  • Allison, Barbara J.; Voss, Richard Steven ve Dryer, Sean (2001), “Student Classroom and Career Success: The Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Journal of Education for Business, 76(5): 282- 294.
  • Alper, Steve; Tjosvold, Dean; Law, Kenneth S. (2000), “Conflict Management, Efficacy and Performance in Organizational Teams”, Personnel Psychology, 53(3): 625-642.
  • Anderson, Stelia E. ve Williams, Larry J. (1996), “Interpersonal, Job, and Individual Factors Related to Helping Processes At Work”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 81: 282–296.
  • Ashforth, Blake E. (1989), The Experience of Powerlessness in Organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 43: 207–242.
  • Bandura, Albert (1982), “Self-efficacy in Human Agency”, American Psychologist, No: 37: 122-147.
  • Bandura, Albert (1986), Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A social cognitive theory, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Hall, NJ.
  • Bandura, Albert (1989), “Human Agency In Social Cognitive Theory”, American Psychologist, 44: 1175–1184.
  • Bandura, Albert (1997), Self-efficacy: The Exercise of Control, NY: Freeman, New York.
  • Becker, Thomas E. ve Vance, Robert J (1993), “Construct Validity of Three Types of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: An Illustration of the Direct Product Model with Refinements,” Journal of Management, 19(3): 663-682.
  • Blau, Peter M. (1964), Exchange and Power in Social Life, Wiley, New York
  • Bowen, David E. ve Edward E. Lawler III. (1992), “The Empowerment of Service Workers: What, Why, How, And When?”, Sloan Management Review, 33(3): 31-9.
  • Cacioppe, Ron (1998), “Structured Empowerment: An Award –Winning Program at the Burswood Resort Hotel”, Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 19(5): 264-274.
  • Chan, Yuen Hung (2003), A Nomological Network Approach to the Study of Antecedents, Moderator, Mediators and Outcomes of Psychological Empowerment, The University of Memphis.
  • Cole, Nina (1995), “How Employee Empowerment Improves Manufacturing Performance”, Academy of Management Executive, 9(1): 80-81.
  • Conger, Jay A. ve Kanungo, Rabindra N. (1988), “The Empowerment Process: Integrating Theory and Practice”, Academy of Management Review, 13(3): 471-482.
  • Dalal, Reeshad S. (2005), “A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Counterproducti ve Work Behavior”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 90: 1241–1255.
  • Deci, Edward L.; Connell, James P. ve Ryan, Richard M. (1989), “Self- determination in a Work Organization”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 580–590.
  • Deluga, Ronald. J. (1995), “The Relation Between Trust in The Supervisor and Subordinate Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Military Psychology, 7(1): 1-16.
  • DiPaola, Micheal ve Hoy, Wayne K. (2005), “Organizational Citizenship of Faculty and Achvievement of High School Students”, The High School Journal, The University of North Caroline Press, Feb/Mar: 35- 44.
  • Field, Laurie (1997), “Impediments to Empowerment and Learning Within Organizations, The Learning Organization, 4(4): 149-158.
  • Forrester, Russ (2000), “Empowerment: Rejuvenating a Potent Idea”, Academy of Management Executive, 3(14): 67-80.
  • George, Jennifer M. (1996), “Group Affective tone. In M. A. West” (Ed.) Handbook of work Group Psychology, Wiley, New York içinde: 77– 94.
  • George, Jennifer M. ve Jones, Gareth R. (1997), “Organizational Spontaneity in Context”, Human Performance, 10: 153–170.
  • Graham, Jill W. (2000), “Promoting Civic Virtue Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Contemporary Questions Rooted in Classical Quandaries From Political Philosophy”, Human Resources Management Review, 10: 61–77.
  • Hackman, Richard ve Oldham, Greg (1980), Work Redesign. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Hall, Margaret (1992), Women and Empowerment: Strategies for Increasing Autonomy, Hemisphere, Washington.
  • Hossien, Nezakati; Omid, Asgari; Faraz, Karimi ve Vajihe, Kohzadi (2010), Fostering Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Through Human Resources Empowerment (HRE), World Journal of Management, 2(3): 47 – 64.
  • Ilies, Remus; Nahrgang, Jennifer D. ve Morgeson, Frederick P. (2007), “Leader–member Exchange and Citizenship Behaviors: A Meta- analysis”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 92: 269–277.
  • Ilies, Remus; Spitzmuller, Matthias; Fulmer, Ingrid Smithey ve Johnson, Michael D. (2009), “Personality And Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role Of Job Satisfaction”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 94: 945–959.
  • Jiing-Lih Farh; Chen-Bo Zhong ve Organ, Dennis W. (2004), “Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the People's Republic of China”, Organization Science, 15: 241-253.
  • Johnson, Angel (2008), The Influence of Need for Achievement, Need for Affiliation,Leadership Support, and Organizational Culture Onorganizational Citizenship Behavior, (Ph.D. Thesis), Alliant International University, Los Angeles.
  • Johnson, Robin D. ve Thurston, Elizabeth K. (1997), “Achieving Empowerment Using the Empowerment Strategy Grid”, Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 18(2): 64-73.
  • Judge, Timothy A. ve Bono, Joyce E. (2001), Relationship of Core Self- evaluations Traits—self-esteem, Generalized Self-efficacy, Locus of Control, and Emotional Stability—with Job Satisfaction and Job performance: A Meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86: 80– 92.
  • Kanter, Rosabeth Moss (1977), Men and Women of the Corporation, Basic Books, New York.
  • Kanter, Rosabeth Moss (1979), “Power Failure in Management Circuits”, Harvard Business Review, 57: 65–75.
  • Kanter, Rosabeth Moss (1983), The Change Masters. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
  • Karambayya, Rekha (1989), Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Contextual Predictors and Organizational Consequences. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
  • Katz, Daniel (1964), “The Motivational Basis of Organizational Behavior”, Behavioral Science, 9: 131–133.
  • Katz, Daniel ve Kahn, Robert L. (1966), The Social Psychology of Organizations, Wiley, New York.
  • Kidder, Deborah L. (2002), “The Influence of Gender on the Performance of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors”, Journal of Management, 28: 629– 648.
  • Kirkman, Bradley L. ve Rosen, Benson (1999), “Beyond Self-management: Antecedents and Consequences of Team Empowerment”, Academy of Management Journal, 42: 58–74.
  • Kirkman, Bradley L. ve Shapiro, Debra L. (2001), “The Impact of Cultural Values on Job Satisfaction ond Organizational Commitment to Self- Managing Work Teams: The Mediating Role tf Employee Resistance”, Academy tf Management Journal, 44(3): 557-569.
  • Kirkman, Bradley L.; Tesluk, Paul E. ve Rosen, Benson (2004), “The Impact of Demographic Heterogeneity and Team Leader-Team Member Demographic Fit on Team Empowerment and Effectiveness”, Group and Organization Management, 29(3): 334-368.
  • Köse, Sevinç; Kartal, Burak ve Nilgün, Kayalı (2003), “Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı ve Tutuma İlişkin Faktörlerle İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 20: 1-19.
  • Lashley, Conrad (1995), “Towards An Understanding of Employee Empowerment In Hospitality Services”, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 7(1): 27-32.
  • Lawler, Edward Emmet III. (1973), Motivation In Work Organizations, Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
  • Lawler, Edward Emmet; Mohrman, Susan A. ve Benson, George (2001), Organizing For High Performance: Employee Involvement, TQM, Reengineering, and Knowledge Management in the Fortune 1000 Companies, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.
  • LePine, Jeffrey A.; Erez, Amir ve Johnson, Diane E. (2002), “The Nature and Dimensionality of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87: 52– 65.
  • MacKenzie, Scott B.; Podsakoff, Philip M. ve Fetter, Richard (1993), “The Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Evaluations of Salesperson Performance”, Journal of Marketing, 57(1): 70-81.
  • MacKenzie, Scott B.; Podsakoff, Philip M. ve Paine, Julie Beth (1999), “Do Citizenship Behaviors Matter More For Managers Than For Salespeople?”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,27: 396- 410.
  • Mathieu, John E.; Gilson, Lucy L. ve Ruddy, Thomas M. (2006), “Empowerment and Team Effectiveness: An Empirical Test of An Integrated Model”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 91: 97-108.
  • Morrison, Elizabeth Wolfe (1996), “Organizational Citizenship Behavior As a Critical Link Between HRM Practices and Service Quality”, Human Resource Management, 35(4): 493-512.
  • Organ, Dennis (1977), “A Reappraisal And Reinterpretation of The Satisfaction–Causes–Performance Hypothesis”, Academy of Management Review, 2: 46–53.
  • Organ, Dennis (1988), Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome, Lexington Books, Lexington.
  • Organ, Dennis ve Konovsky, Mary (1989), “Cognitive Versus Affective Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 3–10.
  • Organ, Dennis ve Lingl, Andreas (1995), “Personality, Satisfaction, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, The Journal of Social Psychology, 135(3): 339-350.
  • Organ, Dennis ve Ryan, Katherine (1995), “A Meta-analytic Review of Attitudinal and Dispositional Predictors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Personel Psychology, 48: 775-802.
  • Podsakoff, Nathan P.; Blume, Brian D.; Whiting, Steven W. ve Podsakoff, Philip M. (2009), “Individual- And Organizational-Level Consequences of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Meta- Analysis”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 94: 122–141.
  • Podsakoff, Philip M.; MacKenzie, Scott B.; Paine, Julie Beth ve Bachrach, Daniel G. (2000), “Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of The Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions For Future Research”, Journal of Management, 26: 513-563.
  • Psoinos, Anna; Kern, Thomas ve Smithson, Steve (2000), “An Exploratory Study of Information Systems In Support of Employee Empowerment”, Journal of Information Technology, 15(3): 211- 230.
  • Randolph, W. Alan (1995), “Navigating The Journey to Empowerment”, Organizational Dynamics, 23(4): 19-32.
  • Randolph, W. Alan ve Sashkin, Marshall (2002), “Can Organizational Empowerment Work in Multinational Settings?”, Academy of Management Executive, 16(1): 102- 115.
  • Rhoades, Linda ve Eisenberger, Robert (2002), “Perceived Organizational Support: A Review of the Literature”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87: 698-714.
  • Rodell, Jessica B. ve Judge, Timothy A. (2009), “Can “good” Stressors Spark “bad” Behaviors? The Mediating Role of Emotions in Links of Challenge and Hindrance Stressors with Citizenship and Counterproductive Behaviors”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 94: 1438–1451.
  • Royer, Linda (2009), Structural and Psychological Empowerment of Community/Public Health Nurses, (Ph. D. Thesis), George Mason University, Fairfax.
  • Schein, Edgar H. (1992), Organizational culture and leadership, 12, 2. Baskı, Jossey- Bass, San Francisco.
  • Spreitzer, Gretchen M. (1995), “Psychology empowerment in the workplace: dimensions, measurement, and validation”, Academy of Management Journal, 38(5): 1442-1465.
  • Spreitzer, Gretchen M. (1996), “Social structural characteristics of psychological empowerment”, Academy of Management Journal, 39: 483–504.
  • Spreitzer, Gretchen M. (2008), “Taking stock: A review of more than twenty years of research on empowerment at work”, (Eds.) J. Barling & C. L. Cooper (2008), Handbook of organizational behavior, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage içinde: 54–72.
  • Spreitzer, Gretchen M.; Kizilos, Mark A. ve Nason, Stephen W. (1997), “A dimensional analysis of the relationship between psychological empowerment and effectiveness, satisfaction, and strain”, Journal of Management, 23(5): 679-704.
  • Thomas, Kenneth W. ve Velthouse, Betty A. (1990), “Cognitive elements of empowerment: An "interpretive" model of intrinsic task motivation”, Academy of Management Review, 15: 666-681.
  • Tompson, Holly B. ve Werner, Jon M. (1997), “The impact of role conflict/facilitation on core and discretionary behaviors: Testing a mediated model”, Journal of Management, 23(4): 583-601.
  • Tsui, Anne S.; Pearce, Jone L.; Porter, Lyman W. ve Tripoli, Angela M. (1997), “Alternative approaches to the employee-organization relationship: Does investment in employees pay off?”, Academy of Management Journal, 40: 1089-1121.
  • VanYperen, Nico W. ve Van den Berg, Agnes E. (1999), “Towards a better understanding of the link between participation in decision-making and organizational citizenship behaviour: A multilevel analysis”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 72: 377–392.
  • Wat, Dennis ve Shaffer, Margaret A. (2005), “Equity and relationship quality influences on organizational citizenship behaviors the mediating role of trust in the supervisor and empowerment”, Personel Review, 34(4): 406-422.
  • Xiao-Ping, Chen; Chun, Hui ve Sego, Douglas J. (1998), “The role of organizational citizenship behavior in turnover: Conceptualization and Preliminary Tests of Key Hypotheses”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(6): 922–931.
  • Yukl, Gary A. (1989), Leadership in Organizations, Prentice Hall Englewood, Cliffs, NJ.

Research on the Effect of Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Psychological Empowerment

Yıl 2012, Sayı: 23, 19 - 48, 01.06.2012

Öz

The main aim of this study is to show the effects of psychological empowerment on
organizational citizenship behaviors. For this purpose, we have conducted a field
study on the employees of “A” called a public organization. In this study, we have
examined psychological empowerment with dimensions consisting of meaning,
compliance, autonomy, impact, and socio-political support, access to strategic
information/resources, and agency culture; and also organizational citizenship
behaviors with those consisting of altruism, courtesy, conscientiousness, civic virtue,
and sportsmanship. We have found that the relationships between dimensions of
altruism and conscientiousness and those of meaning, compliance, autonomy,
impact, and socio-political support, accessing to strategic information/resources, and
agency culture are neither stronger nor weaker (median) and positive; additionally,
we have suggested that the relationships between dimensions of sportsmanship and
courtesy and those of meaning and compliance are also median and positive. Briefly,
we have determined that psychological empowerment has positive effects on
organizational citizenship behaviors.

Kaynakça

  • Alge, Bradley J.; Ballinger, Gary A.; Tangirala, Subrahmaniam,;Oakley, James L. (2006), Information Privacy In Organizations: Empowering Creative and Extrarole Performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 91 (1): 221–232.
  • Allen, David; Shore, Lynn, M.; Griffeth, Rodger W. (2003), “The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Supportive Human Resource Practices in the Turnover Process”,. Journal of Management, (29): 99- 118.
  • Allen, Natalie ve Meyer, John P. (1996), “Affective, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization: An Examination of Construct Validity”, Journal of Vocational Behaviour, (49): 252-276.
  • Allison, Barbara J.; Voss, Richard Steven ve Dryer, Sean (2001), “Student Classroom and Career Success: The Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Journal of Education for Business, 76(5): 282- 294.
  • Alper, Steve; Tjosvold, Dean; Law, Kenneth S. (2000), “Conflict Management, Efficacy and Performance in Organizational Teams”, Personnel Psychology, 53(3): 625-642.
  • Anderson, Stelia E. ve Williams, Larry J. (1996), “Interpersonal, Job, and Individual Factors Related to Helping Processes At Work”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 81: 282–296.
  • Ashforth, Blake E. (1989), The Experience of Powerlessness in Organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 43: 207–242.
  • Bandura, Albert (1982), “Self-efficacy in Human Agency”, American Psychologist, No: 37: 122-147.
  • Bandura, Albert (1986), Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A social cognitive theory, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Hall, NJ.
  • Bandura, Albert (1989), “Human Agency In Social Cognitive Theory”, American Psychologist, 44: 1175–1184.
  • Bandura, Albert (1997), Self-efficacy: The Exercise of Control, NY: Freeman, New York.
  • Becker, Thomas E. ve Vance, Robert J (1993), “Construct Validity of Three Types of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: An Illustration of the Direct Product Model with Refinements,” Journal of Management, 19(3): 663-682.
  • Blau, Peter M. (1964), Exchange and Power in Social Life, Wiley, New York
  • Bowen, David E. ve Edward E. Lawler III. (1992), “The Empowerment of Service Workers: What, Why, How, And When?”, Sloan Management Review, 33(3): 31-9.
  • Cacioppe, Ron (1998), “Structured Empowerment: An Award –Winning Program at the Burswood Resort Hotel”, Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 19(5): 264-274.
  • Chan, Yuen Hung (2003), A Nomological Network Approach to the Study of Antecedents, Moderator, Mediators and Outcomes of Psychological Empowerment, The University of Memphis.
  • Cole, Nina (1995), “How Employee Empowerment Improves Manufacturing Performance”, Academy of Management Executive, 9(1): 80-81.
  • Conger, Jay A. ve Kanungo, Rabindra N. (1988), “The Empowerment Process: Integrating Theory and Practice”, Academy of Management Review, 13(3): 471-482.
  • Dalal, Reeshad S. (2005), “A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Counterproducti ve Work Behavior”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 90: 1241–1255.
  • Deci, Edward L.; Connell, James P. ve Ryan, Richard M. (1989), “Self- determination in a Work Organization”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 580–590.
  • Deluga, Ronald. J. (1995), “The Relation Between Trust in The Supervisor and Subordinate Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Military Psychology, 7(1): 1-16.
  • DiPaola, Micheal ve Hoy, Wayne K. (2005), “Organizational Citizenship of Faculty and Achvievement of High School Students”, The High School Journal, The University of North Caroline Press, Feb/Mar: 35- 44.
  • Field, Laurie (1997), “Impediments to Empowerment and Learning Within Organizations, The Learning Organization, 4(4): 149-158.
  • Forrester, Russ (2000), “Empowerment: Rejuvenating a Potent Idea”, Academy of Management Executive, 3(14): 67-80.
  • George, Jennifer M. (1996), “Group Affective tone. In M. A. West” (Ed.) Handbook of work Group Psychology, Wiley, New York içinde: 77– 94.
  • George, Jennifer M. ve Jones, Gareth R. (1997), “Organizational Spontaneity in Context”, Human Performance, 10: 153–170.
  • Graham, Jill W. (2000), “Promoting Civic Virtue Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Contemporary Questions Rooted in Classical Quandaries From Political Philosophy”, Human Resources Management Review, 10: 61–77.
  • Hackman, Richard ve Oldham, Greg (1980), Work Redesign. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Hall, Margaret (1992), Women and Empowerment: Strategies for Increasing Autonomy, Hemisphere, Washington.
  • Hossien, Nezakati; Omid, Asgari; Faraz, Karimi ve Vajihe, Kohzadi (2010), Fostering Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Through Human Resources Empowerment (HRE), World Journal of Management, 2(3): 47 – 64.
  • Ilies, Remus; Nahrgang, Jennifer D. ve Morgeson, Frederick P. (2007), “Leader–member Exchange and Citizenship Behaviors: A Meta- analysis”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 92: 269–277.
  • Ilies, Remus; Spitzmuller, Matthias; Fulmer, Ingrid Smithey ve Johnson, Michael D. (2009), “Personality And Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role Of Job Satisfaction”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 94: 945–959.
  • Jiing-Lih Farh; Chen-Bo Zhong ve Organ, Dennis W. (2004), “Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the People's Republic of China”, Organization Science, 15: 241-253.
  • Johnson, Angel (2008), The Influence of Need for Achievement, Need for Affiliation,Leadership Support, and Organizational Culture Onorganizational Citizenship Behavior, (Ph.D. Thesis), Alliant International University, Los Angeles.
  • Johnson, Robin D. ve Thurston, Elizabeth K. (1997), “Achieving Empowerment Using the Empowerment Strategy Grid”, Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 18(2): 64-73.
  • Judge, Timothy A. ve Bono, Joyce E. (2001), Relationship of Core Self- evaluations Traits—self-esteem, Generalized Self-efficacy, Locus of Control, and Emotional Stability—with Job Satisfaction and Job performance: A Meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86: 80– 92.
  • Kanter, Rosabeth Moss (1977), Men and Women of the Corporation, Basic Books, New York.
  • Kanter, Rosabeth Moss (1979), “Power Failure in Management Circuits”, Harvard Business Review, 57: 65–75.
  • Kanter, Rosabeth Moss (1983), The Change Masters. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
  • Karambayya, Rekha (1989), Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Contextual Predictors and Organizational Consequences. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
  • Katz, Daniel (1964), “The Motivational Basis of Organizational Behavior”, Behavioral Science, 9: 131–133.
  • Katz, Daniel ve Kahn, Robert L. (1966), The Social Psychology of Organizations, Wiley, New York.
  • Kidder, Deborah L. (2002), “The Influence of Gender on the Performance of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors”, Journal of Management, 28: 629– 648.
  • Kirkman, Bradley L. ve Rosen, Benson (1999), “Beyond Self-management: Antecedents and Consequences of Team Empowerment”, Academy of Management Journal, 42: 58–74.
  • Kirkman, Bradley L. ve Shapiro, Debra L. (2001), “The Impact of Cultural Values on Job Satisfaction ond Organizational Commitment to Self- Managing Work Teams: The Mediating Role tf Employee Resistance”, Academy tf Management Journal, 44(3): 557-569.
  • Kirkman, Bradley L.; Tesluk, Paul E. ve Rosen, Benson (2004), “The Impact of Demographic Heterogeneity and Team Leader-Team Member Demographic Fit on Team Empowerment and Effectiveness”, Group and Organization Management, 29(3): 334-368.
  • Köse, Sevinç; Kartal, Burak ve Nilgün, Kayalı (2003), “Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı ve Tutuma İlişkin Faktörlerle İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 20: 1-19.
  • Lashley, Conrad (1995), “Towards An Understanding of Employee Empowerment In Hospitality Services”, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 7(1): 27-32.
  • Lawler, Edward Emmet III. (1973), Motivation In Work Organizations, Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
  • Lawler, Edward Emmet; Mohrman, Susan A. ve Benson, George (2001), Organizing For High Performance: Employee Involvement, TQM, Reengineering, and Knowledge Management in the Fortune 1000 Companies, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.
  • LePine, Jeffrey A.; Erez, Amir ve Johnson, Diane E. (2002), “The Nature and Dimensionality of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87: 52– 65.
  • MacKenzie, Scott B.; Podsakoff, Philip M. ve Fetter, Richard (1993), “The Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Evaluations of Salesperson Performance”, Journal of Marketing, 57(1): 70-81.
  • MacKenzie, Scott B.; Podsakoff, Philip M. ve Paine, Julie Beth (1999), “Do Citizenship Behaviors Matter More For Managers Than For Salespeople?”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,27: 396- 410.
  • Mathieu, John E.; Gilson, Lucy L. ve Ruddy, Thomas M. (2006), “Empowerment and Team Effectiveness: An Empirical Test of An Integrated Model”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 91: 97-108.
  • Morrison, Elizabeth Wolfe (1996), “Organizational Citizenship Behavior As a Critical Link Between HRM Practices and Service Quality”, Human Resource Management, 35(4): 493-512.
  • Organ, Dennis (1977), “A Reappraisal And Reinterpretation of The Satisfaction–Causes–Performance Hypothesis”, Academy of Management Review, 2: 46–53.
  • Organ, Dennis (1988), Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome, Lexington Books, Lexington.
  • Organ, Dennis ve Konovsky, Mary (1989), “Cognitive Versus Affective Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 3–10.
  • Organ, Dennis ve Lingl, Andreas (1995), “Personality, Satisfaction, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, The Journal of Social Psychology, 135(3): 339-350.
  • Organ, Dennis ve Ryan, Katherine (1995), “A Meta-analytic Review of Attitudinal and Dispositional Predictors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Personel Psychology, 48: 775-802.
  • Podsakoff, Nathan P.; Blume, Brian D.; Whiting, Steven W. ve Podsakoff, Philip M. (2009), “Individual- And Organizational-Level Consequences of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Meta- Analysis”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 94: 122–141.
  • Podsakoff, Philip M.; MacKenzie, Scott B.; Paine, Julie Beth ve Bachrach, Daniel G. (2000), “Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of The Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions For Future Research”, Journal of Management, 26: 513-563.
  • Psoinos, Anna; Kern, Thomas ve Smithson, Steve (2000), “An Exploratory Study of Information Systems In Support of Employee Empowerment”, Journal of Information Technology, 15(3): 211- 230.
  • Randolph, W. Alan (1995), “Navigating The Journey to Empowerment”, Organizational Dynamics, 23(4): 19-32.
  • Randolph, W. Alan ve Sashkin, Marshall (2002), “Can Organizational Empowerment Work in Multinational Settings?”, Academy of Management Executive, 16(1): 102- 115.
  • Rhoades, Linda ve Eisenberger, Robert (2002), “Perceived Organizational Support: A Review of the Literature”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87: 698-714.
  • Rodell, Jessica B. ve Judge, Timothy A. (2009), “Can “good” Stressors Spark “bad” Behaviors? The Mediating Role of Emotions in Links of Challenge and Hindrance Stressors with Citizenship and Counterproductive Behaviors”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 94: 1438–1451.
  • Royer, Linda (2009), Structural and Psychological Empowerment of Community/Public Health Nurses, (Ph. D. Thesis), George Mason University, Fairfax.
  • Schein, Edgar H. (1992), Organizational culture and leadership, 12, 2. Baskı, Jossey- Bass, San Francisco.
  • Spreitzer, Gretchen M. (1995), “Psychology empowerment in the workplace: dimensions, measurement, and validation”, Academy of Management Journal, 38(5): 1442-1465.
  • Spreitzer, Gretchen M. (1996), “Social structural characteristics of psychological empowerment”, Academy of Management Journal, 39: 483–504.
  • Spreitzer, Gretchen M. (2008), “Taking stock: A review of more than twenty years of research on empowerment at work”, (Eds.) J. Barling & C. L. Cooper (2008), Handbook of organizational behavior, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage içinde: 54–72.
  • Spreitzer, Gretchen M.; Kizilos, Mark A. ve Nason, Stephen W. (1997), “A dimensional analysis of the relationship between psychological empowerment and effectiveness, satisfaction, and strain”, Journal of Management, 23(5): 679-704.
  • Thomas, Kenneth W. ve Velthouse, Betty A. (1990), “Cognitive elements of empowerment: An "interpretive" model of intrinsic task motivation”, Academy of Management Review, 15: 666-681.
  • Tompson, Holly B. ve Werner, Jon M. (1997), “The impact of role conflict/facilitation on core and discretionary behaviors: Testing a mediated model”, Journal of Management, 23(4): 583-601.
  • Tsui, Anne S.; Pearce, Jone L.; Porter, Lyman W. ve Tripoli, Angela M. (1997), “Alternative approaches to the employee-organization relationship: Does investment in employees pay off?”, Academy of Management Journal, 40: 1089-1121.
  • VanYperen, Nico W. ve Van den Berg, Agnes E. (1999), “Towards a better understanding of the link between participation in decision-making and organizational citizenship behaviour: A multilevel analysis”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 72: 377–392.
  • Wat, Dennis ve Shaffer, Margaret A. (2005), “Equity and relationship quality influences on organizational citizenship behaviors the mediating role of trust in the supervisor and empowerment”, Personel Review, 34(4): 406-422.
  • Xiao-Ping, Chen; Chun, Hui ve Sego, Douglas J. (1998), “The role of organizational citizenship behavior in turnover: Conceptualization and Preliminary Tests of Key Hypotheses”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(6): 922–931.
  • Yukl, Gary A. (1989), Leadership in Organizations, Prentice Hall Englewood, Cliffs, NJ.
Toplam 80 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA72MV53TG
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İlhami Yücel Bu kişi benim

Yavuz Demirel Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2012
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Sayı: 23

Kaynak Göster

APA Yücel, İ., & Demirel, Y. (2012). Psikolojik Güçlendirmenin Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışına Etkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(23), 19-48.

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