Toplam Kalite Yönetiminin Firma Performansı Üzerine Etkisi: Türkiye’de Marmara Bölgesindeki Orta ve Büyük Ölçekli Firmalara Yönelik Bir Araştırma

Öz

Organizasyonlar müşterilerine kaliteli ürün ve hizmet sağlayarak başarıya ulaşmaktadırlar. Toplam Kalite Yönetimini (TKY) kendisine felsefe edinmiş olan organizasyonlar ise bu başarılarını rekabetçi bir piyasa ortamında dünya çapında sürdürebilmektedirler. Bu çalışmada sürekli iyileştirme, liderlik, takım çalışması, müşteri odaklılık, eğitim, ürün tasarımı, tedarikçi kalitesinin yönetimi ve süreç yönetiminden oluşan Toplam Kalite Yönetimi uygulamalarının firma performansı üzerindeki etkisini belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç üzerine oluşturulmuş olan anket formu Türkiye’de Marmara Bölgesindeki 80 firmadan 200 kişiye uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada ilk olarak açıklayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ile değişkenler belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) AMOS 24 paket programı kullanarak ölçüm modeline uygulanmış ve uyum indeksleri hesaplanmıştır. Yapısal eşitlik modeli ile TKY uygulamalarının firma performansı üzerindeki etkisi belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda tedarikçi kalitesinin yönetimi, sürekli iyileştirme, liderlik ve süreç yönetimi ile firma performansı arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki bulunduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Son olarak bulunan sonuçlar daha önce yapılmış olan diğer çalışmalar ile karşılaştırılmış, çalışmanın kısıtları verilmiş ve çözümler hakkında önerilerde bulunulmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Firma Performansı,Kalite,Toplam Kalite Yönetimi,Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli

Kaynakça

1. Reid, R. D., & Sanders, N. R. (2005). Operations Management: An Integrated Approach (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
2. Ahire, S. L. (1997). Management Science- Total Quality Management interfaces: An integrative framework. Interfaces, 27(6), 91–105.
3. KAYNAK, Hale, (2003). “The relationship between total quality management practices and their effects on firm performance” Journal of Operations Management, Vol.21, No.4, pp. 405-435.
4. Sila, I., & Ebrahimpour, M. (2002). An investigation of the total quality management survey based research published between 1989 and 2000. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 19(7), 902 – 970.
5. Zink, K. J. (2011). The contribution of quality of work to organizational excellence. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 22(5), 567–585.
6. Vasileios, I. & Odysseas, M. (2015). The effects of ISO certification on the performance of Greek firms. The TQM journal. Vol. 27 No.1, pp.150-162
7. Karthi, S., Devadasan, S. R., Murugesh, R., Screenvasa, C. G. & Sivaram N. M. (2012). Global views on integrating six sigma and ISO certification, Total Quality Management, Vol.107 No.1, pp.103-24.
8. DAYTON Nick A. (2003). “The demise of total quality management (TQM)” The TQM Magazine, Vol.15, No.6, pp. 391-396.

9. DAS, A., PAUL, H. and SWIERCZEK F. W. (2008). “Developing and validating total quality management (TQM) constructs in the context of Thailand's manufacturing industry” Benchmarking: An International Journal, Vol.15, No.1, pp. 52-72.
10. Talha, M. (2004). Total quality management (TQM): an overview. Bottom Line: Managing Library Finances, 17(1), 15 – 19.
11. Pheng, L. S., & Teo, J. A. (2004). Implementing Total Quality Management in Construction Firms. Journal of Management in Engineering, 20(1), 8 – 15.
12. Taylor, W. A. & Wright, G. H. (2003). A longitudinal study of TQM implementation: factors influencing success and failure. OMEGA, 31, 97-111
13. Fassoula, D. (2006). “Transforming the supply chain” Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, Vol.17 No.6, pp. 848-60.
14. Deming, W. E. (1986). Out of the crisis. Cambridge: MIT Center for Advanced Engineering Study.
15. Crosby, P. B. (1979). Quality is Free: The Art of Making Quality Certain. New York: Hodder & Stoughton.
16. FUENTES-F. M., C. A. ALBACETE-SAEZ and LOLERNS-MONTES J. (2004) “The impact of environmental characteristics on TQM principles and organizational performance” Omega, Vol.32, No.6, pp. 425-442
17. Leavengood, S., & Anderson, T. R. (2011, July 31 2011-Aug. 4 2011). Best practices in quality management for innovation performance. Paper presented at the Technology Management in the Energy Smart World (PICMET), 2011 Proceedings of PICMET '11.
18. Evangelos, L & Psomas, E. (2013). The effectiveness of the ISO quality management System in service firms. Total Quality Management and business excellence, Vol. 24 pp.769-781.
19. KAYNAK, Hale and HARTLEY Janet L. (2008) "A replication and extension of quality management into the supply chain” Journal of Operations Management, Vol.26, No.4, pp. 468-489
20. CHONG, Vincent K., and RUNDUS Michael J. (2004) “Total quality management, market competition and organizational performance” The British Accounting Review, Vol.36, No.2, pp. 155-172.
21. Sun, H., Hui, I. K., Tam, A. Y. K., & Frick, J. (2000). Employee involvement and quality management. The TQM Magazine, 12(5), 350 – 354.
22. Temtime, Z. T. (2003). The Moderating Impacts of Business Planning and Firm Size on Total Quality Management Practices. The TQM Magazine, 15(1), 52-60.
23. Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming (2 ed.). New York: Routledge.
24. Yong, J. & Wilkinson, A. (2002). The long and winding road: the evolution of quality management. Total Quality Management, Vol.13 No.1, pp. 101-21.
25. Su, Q., Li, Z., Zhang, S. X., Liu, Y. Y., & Dang, J. X. (2008). The impacts of quality management practices on business performance: an empirical investigation from China. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol. 25 No. 8, pp. 809-823.
26. D.L. Goetsch and S.B. Davis, Introduction to Total Quality, Quality, Productivity, Competitiveness (Englewood: Prentice Hall International Inc., 1994) 121-138.
27. Eskildsen, J. K., & Dahlgaard, J. J. (2000). A causal model for employee satisfaction. Total Quality Management, 11 (8), 1081- 1094.
28. Black, S., Porter, L.J. (1995) An empirical model for quality management. Total Quality Management, 6(2), 149-164.
29. PERÇİN, Selçuk (2006) “Imalat işletmelerinin yeni ürün geliştirme performansını etkileyen Faktörler: ISO 1000 firmalarına yönelik bir araştırma” Atatürk Üniversitesi İİBF dergisi” Cilt.20, sayı.1, ss.357-377.
30. GRÖßLER, Andreas and GRÜBNER Andre (2006) “An empirical model of the relationships between manufacturing capabilities” International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol.26, No.5, pp. 458-485.
31. Augustyn, M. M. & Pheby, J. D. (2012).ISO 9000 and performance of small tourism enterprises: a focus on Westons Cider Company. Managing Quality management practices, Vol. 10 No. 6, pp. 360-88.
32. Bell, M. & Omachonu, V. (2011). "Quality system implementation process for business success", International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol. 28 No. 7, pp. 723 – 73.
33. Aslanertik, E., & Tabak, B. (2006). Marketing And Cost Dimensions of ISO Implementations of Small and Medium sized Manufacturers: A Case study analysis. E.g. Academic Review, Vol. 6 No.2, pp. 47-57.
34. Laszlo, G. P. (1999). Implementing a quality management program – three Cs of success: commitment, culture, cost. The TQM Magazine, 11(4), 231 – 237.
35. Ooi, K. B., Bakar, N. A., Arumugam, V., Vellapan, L., & Loke, A. K. Y. (2007). Does TQM influence employees' job satisfaction? An empirical case analysis. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 24(1), 62 – 77.
36. Palo, S., & Padhi, N. (2005). How HR professionals drive TQM: a case study in an Indian organization. The TQM Magazine, 17(5), 467 – 485.
37. Montes, J. L., Jover, A. V., & Fernandez, L. M. M. (2003). Factors affecting the relationship between total quality management and organizational performance. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 20(2), 189 – 209.
38. Prajogo and Brown, The Relationship Between TQM Practices and Quality Performance and the Role of Formal TQM Programs: An Australian Emprical Study (2004).
39. Jabnoun and Sedrani, TQM, Culture, and Performance in UAE Manufacturing Firms, Journal of Quality Management, 1(1), 2005, 67-89.
40. RAHMAN, Shams-ur. and BULLOCK Philip. (2005) “Soft TQM, hard TQM, and organisational performance relationships: an empirical investigation” Omega, Vol.33, No .1, pp. 73-83
41. Curkovic, S., Vickery, S., Droge, C. (2000) Quality-related action programs: their impact on quality performance and firm performance. Decision Sciences, 31(4), 885-905.
42. KHAN, Jamshed H. (2003) “Impact of total quality management on productivity” The TQM Magazine, Vol.15, No.6, pp. 374-380.
43. Sahney, S., Banwet, D. K., & Karunes, S. (2008). An integrated framework of indices for quality management in education: a faculty perspective. The TQM Journal, 20(5), 502 – 519.
44. Shahraki, A., Konarizadeh, M., Paghaleh, M. J., & Zarei, M. (2011). HRM effects on TQM. Business Management Dynamics, 1(3), 1 – 12.
45. Schonberger, R. (1992). Is strategy strategic? Impact of total quality management on strategy. Academemy of Management Executive, 6(3), 80 – 87.