A COMPREHENSİVE OVERVİEW OF SUİCİDAL BEHAVİOR: RİSK FACTORS, ASSESSMENT AND PREVENTİON

Öz

Suicide is a major public health concern that emerges from the complex interaction of biological, psychological, and socio-cultural factors, extending beyond an individual behavior. The present study examines the phenomenon of suicide within a multidimensional framework by addressing risk factors, assessment processes, and prevention approaches from a comprehensive perspective. First, the conceptual framework and classifications of suicide are discussed, followed by up-to-date global prevalence data. Risk factors associated with suicidal behavior are evaluated in terms of genetic predisposition, mental health disorders, social isolation, economic difficulties, and prior suicide attempts. Additionally, variations in risk patterns based on age and gender are highlighted. The study also outlines commonly used assessment tools and clinical interview techniques in the evaluation of suicide risk. In terms of intervention, therapeutic approaches, pharmacological treatments, and integrative models are addressed. Finally, individual and societal prevention strategies are discussed. The findings emphasize the importance of early identification, systematic risk assessment, and multidisciplinary approaches in the prevention of suicide

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Suicide
• Risk Factors
• Suicide Prevention

İntihar Davranışına Kapsamlı Bir Bakış: Risk Faktörleri, Değerlendirme ve Önleme

Öz

İntihar bireysel bir davranış olmanın ötesinde biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyo-kültürel etkenlerin etkileşimiyle ortaya çıkan önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Mevcut çalışma intihar olgusunu çok boyutlu bir çerçevede ele alarak risk faktörleri, değerlendirme süreçleri ve önleme yaklaşımlarını bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla incelemektedir. Çalışmada öncelikle intiharın kavramsal çerçevesi ve sınıflandırmaları ele alınmış, ardından küresel düzeydeki yaygınlığına ilişkin güncel veriler sunulmuştur. İntihar davranışıyla ilişkili risk faktörleri; genetik yatkınlık, ruh sağlığı bozuklukları, sosyal izolasyon, ekonomik zorluklar ve geçmiş intihar girişimleri bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca yaş ve cinsiyet değişkenleri temelinde farklılaşan risk örüntülerine dikkat çekilmiştir. İntiharın değerlendirilmesi sürecinde kullanılan ölçme araçları ve klinik görüşme teknikleri açıklanmış, risk faktörlerine yer verilmiştir. Müdahale kapsamında terapötik yaklaşımlar, farmakolojik tedavi ve bütüncül müdahale modelleri ele alınmıştır. Son olarak intiharı önlemeye yönelik bireysel ve toplumsal düzeyde geliştirilen stratejiler tartışılmıştır. Çalışma intiharın önlenmesinde erken tanılama, risk değerlendirmesi ve multidisipliner yaklaşımların önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İntihar
• Risk Faktörleri
• İntiharı Önleme

Kaynakça

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