Araştırma Makalesi
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Rekreatif Amaçlı Mücadele Sporlarına Katılan Sporcularda Narsistik Eğilimler ve Egzersiz Bağımlılığı

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 1257 - 1270, 31.12.2025

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, narsistik kişilik özelliklerinin egzersiz bağımlılığı üzerindeki etkisini rekreatif mücadele sporlarına katılan sporcular özelinde incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Antalya ili Alanya ilçesinden uygun örnekleme ile seçilen 355 sporcu (187 erkek, 168 kadın) çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veri toplama araçları olarak Narsist Kişilik Envanteri, Genişletilmiş Egzersiz Bağımlılığı Envanteri ve demografik bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Korelasyonel tarama modeli benimsenmiş, analizlerde t-testi, ANOVA, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri uygulanmıştır (p<0,05).
Bulgular: Kadın katılımcılar narsistik kişilik genelinde (p=0,040) ve hak iddia etme/sömürü alt boyutunda (p=0,021) erkeklerden yüksek puan almıştır. 22-23 yaş grubu egzersiz bağımlılığında diğer yaş gruplarından düşük puan göstermiştir (p=0,008). Spor süresi arttıkça egzersiz bağımlılığı yükselmiştir (p=0,005). Narsistik özellikler ile egzersiz bağımlılığı arasında pozitif korelasyon tespit edilmiştir (r=0,434). Narsistik özellikler egzersiz bağımlılığı varyansının %20'sini açıklamıştır (R²=0,200).
Sonuç: Narsisizm egzersiz bağımlılığının önemli yordayıcısı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi, egzersiz bağımlılığının önlenmesi ve zararlarının azaltılması açısından kritik önem taşımaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Akova, O., Şahin, G., & Öğretmenoğlu, M. (2019). Rekreasyon deneyiminin psikolojik iyi oluş üzerine etkisi: Y kuşağı üzerinde bir araştırma. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 4(2), 124-139. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.579581
  • Akyüz, O., & Özbek, S. (2024). Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin bazı değişkenlere göre narsistik kişilik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. International Journal of Sport Exercise and Training Sciences - IJSETS, 10(4), 206-214. https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.1561179
  • Aydın, D., Bilge Baltacı, U., Erzen, E., Szabo, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023). The Turkish version of the exercise addiction inventory: Validity and reliability. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 10(2), 184-193.
  • Bruno, A., Quattrone, D., Scimeca, G., Cicciarelli, C., Romeo, V. M., Pandolfo, G., Zoccali, R. A., & Muscatello, M. R. (2014). Unraveling exercise addiction: The role of narcissism and self-esteem. Journal of Addiction, 2014, Article 987841. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/987841
  • Bugay, A., Delevi, R., & Mullet, E. (2021). Attitude toward women in Turkey: Combined effect of sex, place, and culture. Current Psychology, 40(7), 3284-3292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019- 00273-2
  • Campbell, W. K., & Miller, J. D. (Eds.). (2011). The handbook of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder: Theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatments. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118093108
  • Cascio, C. N., Konrath, S. H., & Falk, E. B. (2015). Narcissists' social pain seen only in the brain. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 10(3), 335-341. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsu072
  • Chalabaev, A., Sarrazin, P., Fontayne, P., Boiché, J., & Clément-Guillotin, C. (2013). The influence of sex stereotypes and gender roles on participation and performance in sport and exercise: Review and future directions. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(2), 136-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.10.005
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences(2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Davis, C. (1992). Body image, dieting behaviours, and personality factors: A study of highperformance female athletes. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 23(3), 179-192.
  • Davis, C., Dionne, M., & Shuster, B. (2001). Physical and psychological correlates of appearance orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191- 8869(00)00006-4
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the selfdetermination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  • Doğan, T., & Çolak, T. S. (2020). Türkçe Narsistik Kişilik Envanteri'nin (NKE-13) psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 21(3), 259-267.
  • Erbaş, Ü. (2022). Exploring combat athletes mental toughness by their demographics. International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences, 13(48), 638-655. https://doi.org/10.35826/ijoess.3150
  • Foster, J. D., Campbell, W. K., & Twenge, J. M. (2003). Individual differences in narcissism: Inflated self-views across the lifespan and around the world. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 469-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00026-6
  • Gentile, B., Miller, J. D., Hoffman, B. J., Reidy, D. E., Zeichner, A., & Campbell, W. K. (2013). A test of two brief measures of grandiose narcissism: The Narcissistic Personality Inventory–13 and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory–16. Psychological Assessment, 25(4), 1120-1136. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033192
  • Gezer, E. (2017). Beden eğitimi ve spor yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin narsistik eğilimleri. Journal of International Social Research, 10(53), 808-815. http://dx.doi.org/10.17719/jisr.20175334145
  • Godoy-Izquierdo, D., Navarrón, E., López-Mora, C., Díez-Fernández, A., Vélez-Toral, M., GodoyGarcía, J. F., & Ramírez-Molina, M. J. (2023). Exercise addiction in the sports context: What is known and what is yet to be known. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(3), 1057-1074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00641-9
  • Gori, A., Topino, E., Pucci, C., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021). The relationship between alexithymia, dysmorphic concern, and exercise addiction: The moderating effect of self-esteem. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(11), 1111. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111111
  • Göktaş, Z., & Güzel, M. C. (2023). Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin egzersiz bağımlılığı ve zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 24(1), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.1099174
  • Granziol, U., Griffiths, M. D., Zou, L., Yang, P., Herschel, H. K., Junker, A., & Szabo, A. (2023). The expanded exercise addiction inventory (EAI-3): Towards reliable and international screening of exercise-related dysfunction. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(6), 3678-3704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-023-01066-2
  • Grijalva, E., Newman, D. A., Tay, L., Donnellan, M. B., Harms, P. D., Robins, R. W., & Yan, T. (2015). Gender differences in narcissism: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 141(2), 261-310. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038231
  • Hazar, K., Koç, A. F., & Alpay, M. R. (2024). The effect of narcissistic personality traits of athletes on exercise addiction. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 12(1), 78-91. https://doi.org/10.61186/aassjournal.1375
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Juwono, I. D., Tolnai, N., & Szabo, A. (2022). Exercise addiction in athletes: A systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(6), 3113-3127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00568-1
  • Karaküçük, S. (2014). Rekreasyon: Boş zamanları değerlendirme (7. baskı). Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Karasar, N. (2019). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: Kavramlar, ilkeler, teknikler (34. baskı). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Koivula, N. (2001). Perceived characteristics of sports categorized as gender-neutral, feminine and masculine. Journal of Sport Behavior, 24(4), 377-393.
  • Kostorz, K., Sas-Nowosielski, K., & Wieliński, D. (2022). Exercise dependence in practitioners of martial arts and combat sports. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 16782. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416782
  • Lichtenstein, M. B., Griffiths, M. D., Hemmingsen, S. D., & Støving, R. K. (2021). The prevalence of exercise addiction symptoms in a sample of national level elite athletes. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3, 635418. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.635418
  • Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
  • Messner, M. A. (2002). Taking the field: Women, men, and sports. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Miller, K. J., & Mesagno, C. (2014). Personality traits and exercise dependence: Exploring the role of narcissism and perfectionism. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 12(4), 368-381. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2014.932821
  • Navabinejad, S., & Rostami, M. (2023). Mind and body in sync: The fascinating field of psychophysiology in sports. Health Nexus, 1(3), 38-40. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.hn.1.3.5
  • Roberts, B. W., Edmonds, G., & Grijalva, E. (2010). It is developmental me, not generation me: Developmental changes are more important than generational changes in narcissism—Commentary on
  • Trzesniewski & Donnellan (2010). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(1), 97-102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691609357019
  • Roberts, B. W., Edmonds, G., & Grijalva, E. (2017). Examining the link between narcissism and selfesteem over the lifespan. Journal of Research in Personality, 68, 119-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2017.01.007
  • Terry, A., Szabo, A., & Griffiths, M. (2004). The Exercise Addiction Inventory: A New Brief Screening Tool. Addiction Research & Theory, 12(5), 489-499. https://doi.org/10.1080/16066350310001637363
  • Tazegül, Ü. (2013). Bazı branştaki sporcuların narsisizm düzeyleri ile sosyo-demografik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.17155/spd.52551
  • Tazegül, Ü., & Güven, Ö. (2015). Vücut geliştirme sporcuları ile farklı spor dallarındaki sporcuların ve spor yapmayan bireylerin narsisizm seviyelerinin karşılaştırılması. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 33, 465-473. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/JASSS2770
  • Twenge, J. M., &Campbell, W. K. (2003). "Isn't it fun to get the respect that we're going to deserve?" Narcissism, social rejection, and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(2), 261-272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202239051
  • Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2009). The narcissism epidemic: Living in the age of entitlement. Free Press.
  • Twenge, J. M., Konrath, S., Foster, J. D., Campbell, W. K., & Bushman, B. J. (2008). Egos inflating over time: A cross-temporal meta-analysis of the narcissistic personality inventory. Journal of Personality, 76(4), 875-928. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00507.x
  • Zeigler-Hill, V., Vrabel, J. K., Sauls, D., & Lehtman, M. J. (2021). Narcissism and exercise addiction: The mediating roles of exercise-related motives. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), 4243. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084243

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 1257 - 1270, 31.12.2025

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akova, O., Şahin, G., & Öğretmenoğlu, M. (2019). Rekreasyon deneyiminin psikolojik iyi oluş üzerine etkisi: Y kuşağı üzerinde bir araştırma. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 4(2), 124-139. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.579581
  • Akyüz, O., & Özbek, S. (2024). Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin bazı değişkenlere göre narsistik kişilik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. International Journal of Sport Exercise and Training Sciences - IJSETS, 10(4), 206-214. https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.1561179
  • Aydın, D., Bilge Baltacı, U., Erzen, E., Szabo, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023). The Turkish version of the exercise addiction inventory: Validity and reliability. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 10(2), 184-193.
  • Bruno, A., Quattrone, D., Scimeca, G., Cicciarelli, C., Romeo, V. M., Pandolfo, G., Zoccali, R. A., & Muscatello, M. R. (2014). Unraveling exercise addiction: The role of narcissism and self-esteem. Journal of Addiction, 2014, Article 987841. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/987841
  • Bugay, A., Delevi, R., & Mullet, E. (2021). Attitude toward women in Turkey: Combined effect of sex, place, and culture. Current Psychology, 40(7), 3284-3292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019- 00273-2
  • Campbell, W. K., & Miller, J. D. (Eds.). (2011). The handbook of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder: Theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatments. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118093108
  • Cascio, C. N., Konrath, S. H., & Falk, E. B. (2015). Narcissists' social pain seen only in the brain. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 10(3), 335-341. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsu072
  • Chalabaev, A., Sarrazin, P., Fontayne, P., Boiché, J., & Clément-Guillotin, C. (2013). The influence of sex stereotypes and gender roles on participation and performance in sport and exercise: Review and future directions. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(2), 136-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.10.005
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences(2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Davis, C. (1992). Body image, dieting behaviours, and personality factors: A study of highperformance female athletes. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 23(3), 179-192.
  • Davis, C., Dionne, M., & Shuster, B. (2001). Physical and psychological correlates of appearance orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191- 8869(00)00006-4
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the selfdetermination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  • Doğan, T., & Çolak, T. S. (2020). Türkçe Narsistik Kişilik Envanteri'nin (NKE-13) psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 21(3), 259-267.
  • Erbaş, Ü. (2022). Exploring combat athletes mental toughness by their demographics. International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences, 13(48), 638-655. https://doi.org/10.35826/ijoess.3150
  • Foster, J. D., Campbell, W. K., & Twenge, J. M. (2003). Individual differences in narcissism: Inflated self-views across the lifespan and around the world. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 469-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00026-6
  • Gentile, B., Miller, J. D., Hoffman, B. J., Reidy, D. E., Zeichner, A., & Campbell, W. K. (2013). A test of two brief measures of grandiose narcissism: The Narcissistic Personality Inventory–13 and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory–16. Psychological Assessment, 25(4), 1120-1136. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033192
  • Gezer, E. (2017). Beden eğitimi ve spor yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin narsistik eğilimleri. Journal of International Social Research, 10(53), 808-815. http://dx.doi.org/10.17719/jisr.20175334145
  • Godoy-Izquierdo, D., Navarrón, E., López-Mora, C., Díez-Fernández, A., Vélez-Toral, M., GodoyGarcía, J. F., & Ramírez-Molina, M. J. (2023). Exercise addiction in the sports context: What is known and what is yet to be known. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(3), 1057-1074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00641-9
  • Gori, A., Topino, E., Pucci, C., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021). The relationship between alexithymia, dysmorphic concern, and exercise addiction: The moderating effect of self-esteem. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(11), 1111. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111111
  • Göktaş, Z., & Güzel, M. C. (2023). Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin egzersiz bağımlılığı ve zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 24(1), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.1099174
  • Granziol, U., Griffiths, M. D., Zou, L., Yang, P., Herschel, H. K., Junker, A., & Szabo, A. (2023). The expanded exercise addiction inventory (EAI-3): Towards reliable and international screening of exercise-related dysfunction. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(6), 3678-3704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-023-01066-2
  • Grijalva, E., Newman, D. A., Tay, L., Donnellan, M. B., Harms, P. D., Robins, R. W., & Yan, T. (2015). Gender differences in narcissism: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 141(2), 261-310. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038231
  • Hazar, K., Koç, A. F., & Alpay, M. R. (2024). The effect of narcissistic personality traits of athletes on exercise addiction. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 12(1), 78-91. https://doi.org/10.61186/aassjournal.1375
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Juwono, I. D., Tolnai, N., & Szabo, A. (2022). Exercise addiction in athletes: A systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(6), 3113-3127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00568-1
  • Karaküçük, S. (2014). Rekreasyon: Boş zamanları değerlendirme (7. baskı). Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Karasar, N. (2019). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: Kavramlar, ilkeler, teknikler (34. baskı). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Koivula, N. (2001). Perceived characteristics of sports categorized as gender-neutral, feminine and masculine. Journal of Sport Behavior, 24(4), 377-393.
  • Kostorz, K., Sas-Nowosielski, K., & Wieliński, D. (2022). Exercise dependence in practitioners of martial arts and combat sports. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 16782. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416782
  • Lichtenstein, M. B., Griffiths, M. D., Hemmingsen, S. D., & Støving, R. K. (2021). The prevalence of exercise addiction symptoms in a sample of national level elite athletes. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3, 635418. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.635418
  • Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
  • Messner, M. A. (2002). Taking the field: Women, men, and sports. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Miller, K. J., & Mesagno, C. (2014). Personality traits and exercise dependence: Exploring the role of narcissism and perfectionism. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 12(4), 368-381. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2014.932821
  • Navabinejad, S., & Rostami, M. (2023). Mind and body in sync: The fascinating field of psychophysiology in sports. Health Nexus, 1(3), 38-40. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.hn.1.3.5
  • Roberts, B. W., Edmonds, G., & Grijalva, E. (2010). It is developmental me, not generation me: Developmental changes are more important than generational changes in narcissism—Commentary on
  • Trzesniewski & Donnellan (2010). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(1), 97-102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691609357019
  • Roberts, B. W., Edmonds, G., & Grijalva, E. (2017). Examining the link between narcissism and selfesteem over the lifespan. Journal of Research in Personality, 68, 119-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2017.01.007
  • Terry, A., Szabo, A., & Griffiths, M. (2004). The Exercise Addiction Inventory: A New Brief Screening Tool. Addiction Research & Theory, 12(5), 489-499. https://doi.org/10.1080/16066350310001637363
  • Tazegül, Ü. (2013). Bazı branştaki sporcuların narsisizm düzeyleri ile sosyo-demografik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.17155/spd.52551
  • Tazegül, Ü., & Güven, Ö. (2015). Vücut geliştirme sporcuları ile farklı spor dallarındaki sporcuların ve spor yapmayan bireylerin narsisizm seviyelerinin karşılaştırılması. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 33, 465-473. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/JASSS2770
  • Twenge, J. M., &Campbell, W. K. (2003). "Isn't it fun to get the respect that we're going to deserve?" Narcissism, social rejection, and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(2), 261-272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202239051
  • Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2009). The narcissism epidemic: Living in the age of entitlement. Free Press.
  • Twenge, J. M., Konrath, S., Foster, J. D., Campbell, W. K., & Bushman, B. J. (2008). Egos inflating over time: A cross-temporal meta-analysis of the narcissistic personality inventory. Journal of Personality, 76(4), 875-928. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00507.x
  • Zeigler-Hill, V., Vrabel, J. K., Sauls, D., & Lehtman, M. J. (2021). Narcissism and exercise addiction: The mediating roles of exercise-related motives. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), 4243. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084243

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 1257 - 1270, 31.12.2025

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akova, O., Şahin, G., & Öğretmenoğlu, M. (2019). Rekreasyon deneyiminin psikolojik iyi oluş üzerine etkisi: Y kuşağı üzerinde bir araştırma. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 4(2), 124-139. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.579581
  • Akyüz, O., & Özbek, S. (2024). Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin bazı değişkenlere göre narsistik kişilik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. International Journal of Sport Exercise and Training Sciences - IJSETS, 10(4), 206-214. https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.1561179
  • Aydın, D., Bilge Baltacı, U., Erzen, E., Szabo, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023). The Turkish version of the exercise addiction inventory: Validity and reliability. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 10(2), 184-193.
  • Bruno, A., Quattrone, D., Scimeca, G., Cicciarelli, C., Romeo, V. M., Pandolfo, G., Zoccali, R. A., & Muscatello, M. R. (2014). Unraveling exercise addiction: The role of narcissism and self-esteem. Journal of Addiction, 2014, Article 987841. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/987841
  • Bugay, A., Delevi, R., & Mullet, E. (2021). Attitude toward women in Turkey: Combined effect of sex, place, and culture. Current Psychology, 40(7), 3284-3292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019- 00273-2
  • Campbell, W. K., & Miller, J. D. (Eds.). (2011). The handbook of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder: Theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatments. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118093108
  • Cascio, C. N., Konrath, S. H., & Falk, E. B. (2015). Narcissists' social pain seen only in the brain. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 10(3), 335-341. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsu072
  • Chalabaev, A., Sarrazin, P., Fontayne, P., Boiché, J., & Clément-Guillotin, C. (2013). The influence of sex stereotypes and gender roles on participation and performance in sport and exercise: Review and future directions. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(2), 136-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.10.005
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences(2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Davis, C. (1992). Body image, dieting behaviours, and personality factors: A study of highperformance female athletes. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 23(3), 179-192.
  • Davis, C., Dionne, M., & Shuster, B. (2001). Physical and psychological correlates of appearance orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191- 8869(00)00006-4
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the selfdetermination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  • Doğan, T., & Çolak, T. S. (2020). Türkçe Narsistik Kişilik Envanteri'nin (NKE-13) psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 21(3), 259-267.
  • Erbaş, Ü. (2022). Exploring combat athletes mental toughness by their demographics. International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences, 13(48), 638-655. https://doi.org/10.35826/ijoess.3150
  • Foster, J. D., Campbell, W. K., & Twenge, J. M. (2003). Individual differences in narcissism: Inflated self-views across the lifespan and around the world. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 469-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00026-6
  • Gentile, B., Miller, J. D., Hoffman, B. J., Reidy, D. E., Zeichner, A., & Campbell, W. K. (2013). A test of two brief measures of grandiose narcissism: The Narcissistic Personality Inventory–13 and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory–16. Psychological Assessment, 25(4), 1120-1136. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033192
  • Gezer, E. (2017). Beden eğitimi ve spor yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin narsistik eğilimleri. Journal of International Social Research, 10(53), 808-815. http://dx.doi.org/10.17719/jisr.20175334145
  • Godoy-Izquierdo, D., Navarrón, E., López-Mora, C., Díez-Fernández, A., Vélez-Toral, M., GodoyGarcía, J. F., & Ramírez-Molina, M. J. (2023). Exercise addiction in the sports context: What is known and what is yet to be known. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(3), 1057-1074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00641-9
  • Gori, A., Topino, E., Pucci, C., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021). The relationship between alexithymia, dysmorphic concern, and exercise addiction: The moderating effect of self-esteem. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(11), 1111. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111111
  • Göktaş, Z., & Güzel, M. C. (2023). Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin egzersiz bağımlılığı ve zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 24(1), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.1099174
  • Granziol, U., Griffiths, M. D., Zou, L., Yang, P., Herschel, H. K., Junker, A., & Szabo, A. (2023). The expanded exercise addiction inventory (EAI-3): Towards reliable and international screening of exercise-related dysfunction. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(6), 3678-3704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-023-01066-2
  • Grijalva, E., Newman, D. A., Tay, L., Donnellan, M. B., Harms, P. D., Robins, R. W., & Yan, T. (2015). Gender differences in narcissism: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 141(2), 261-310. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038231
  • Hazar, K., Koç, A. F., & Alpay, M. R. (2024). The effect of narcissistic personality traits of athletes on exercise addiction. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 12(1), 78-91. https://doi.org/10.61186/aassjournal.1375
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Juwono, I. D., Tolnai, N., & Szabo, A. (2022). Exercise addiction in athletes: A systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(6), 3113-3127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00568-1
  • Karaküçük, S. (2014). Rekreasyon: Boş zamanları değerlendirme (7. baskı). Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Karasar, N. (2019). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: Kavramlar, ilkeler, teknikler (34. baskı). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Koivula, N. (2001). Perceived characteristics of sports categorized as gender-neutral, feminine and masculine. Journal of Sport Behavior, 24(4), 377-393.
  • Kostorz, K., Sas-Nowosielski, K., & Wieliński, D. (2022). Exercise dependence in practitioners of martial arts and combat sports. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 16782. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416782
  • Lichtenstein, M. B., Griffiths, M. D., Hemmingsen, S. D., & Støving, R. K. (2021). The prevalence of exercise addiction symptoms in a sample of national level elite athletes. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3, 635418. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.635418
  • Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
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  • Roberts, B. W., Edmonds, G., & Grijalva, E. (2010). It is developmental me, not generation me: Developmental changes are more important than generational changes in narcissism—Commentary on
  • Trzesniewski & Donnellan (2010). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(1), 97-102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691609357019
  • Roberts, B. W., Edmonds, G., & Grijalva, E. (2017). Examining the link between narcissism and selfesteem over the lifespan. Journal of Research in Personality, 68, 119-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2017.01.007
  • Terry, A., Szabo, A., & Griffiths, M. (2004). The Exercise Addiction Inventory: A New Brief Screening Tool. Addiction Research & Theory, 12(5), 489-499. https://doi.org/10.1080/16066350310001637363
  • Tazegül, Ü. (2013). Bazı branştaki sporcuların narsisizm düzeyleri ile sosyo-demografik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.17155/spd.52551
  • Tazegül, Ü., & Güven, Ö. (2015). Vücut geliştirme sporcuları ile farklı spor dallarındaki sporcuların ve spor yapmayan bireylerin narsisizm seviyelerinin karşılaştırılması. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 33, 465-473. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/JASSS2770
  • Twenge, J. M., &Campbell, W. K. (2003). "Isn't it fun to get the respect that we're going to deserve?" Narcissism, social rejection, and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(2), 261-272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202239051
  • Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2009). The narcissism epidemic: Living in the age of entitlement. Free Press.
  • Twenge, J. M., Konrath, S., Foster, J. D., Campbell, W. K., & Bushman, B. J. (2008). Egos inflating over time: A cross-temporal meta-analysis of the narcissistic personality inventory. Journal of Personality, 76(4), 875-928. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00507.x
  • Zeigler-Hill, V., Vrabel, J. K., Sauls, D., & Lehtman, M. J. (2021). Narcissism and exercise addiction: The mediating roles of exercise-related motives. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), 4243. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084243
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor ve Rekreasyon, Egzersiz ve Spor Psikolojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Şinasi Özsaydı 0000-0003-0291-8248

Özlem Sinem Uslu 0000-0002-7605-8511

Banu Kabak 0000-0002-5848-5974

Abdullah Çuhadar 0000-0001-6942-4475

Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Eylül 2025
Kabul Tarihi 29 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Özsaydı, Ş., Uslu, Ö. S., Kabak, B., Çuhadar, A. (2025). Rekreatif Amaçlı Mücadele Sporlarına Katılan Sporcularda Narsistik Eğilimler ve Egzersiz Bağımlılığı. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(3), 1257-1270.

KSÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi ULAKBİM-TR Dizin tarafından dizinlenen hakemli ve bilimsel bir dergidir.