The Relationship Between Oxidative Stress and Serum Prolidase Activity in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy, Retinopathy and Neuropathy
Abstract
Objective: To examine the markers of oxidative stress in microvascular complications of diabetes, to examine the relationship of prolidase with oxidative stress indicators, to investigate the usability of prolidase as a predictive value.
Material and Methods: 112 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 44 healthy controls were included in the study. Detailed anamnesis of the patients was taken and physical examinations were performed. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), creatinine, micrototal protein levels in spot urine were measured. Presence of diabetic retinopathy was investigated by fundus examination. Neurological examinations were performed for the presence of neuropathy. In addition, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), serum prolidase activities were measured for oxidative stress in the morning blood sample of all patients.
Results: Eighty (71.42%) patients with type 2 DM had complications, while 41 (28.58%) had no complications. Fasting plasma glucose was significantly higher in the diabetic complication group than in the other groups (p <0.001). The HbA1c level was significantly higher in the diabetic complication group than in the other groups (p <0.001). While antioxidant stress markers (CAT, SOD, GPx) were found to be lower in the diabetic complication group than in the other groups, oxidative stress markers (MDA, NO) were found to be higher in the complicated group than in the other groups (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). Prolidase level was found to be higher in the group with diabetic complications compared to the other groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion: We think that prolidase activity will have a predictive value in determining microcomplications in diabetic patients, since serum prolidase activity and oxidative stress parameters were found to be statistically significantly increased in diabetic patients with complications compared to healthy controls and those with diabetes mellitus but without complications, and there was a positive correlation between prolidase and oxidative stress markers.
Keywords
Kaynakça
- Satman I, Yilmaz T, Sengul A, Salman S, Salman F, Uygur S, et al. Population-based study of diabetes and riskcharacteristics in Turkey: results of the Turkish diabetes epidemiology study (TURDEP). Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1551-1556.
- Sies H. Oxidative stress: from basic research to clinical application. Am. J. Med. 1991;91:31-38
- Pham-huy LA, He H, Pham-huy C. Free radicals, antioksidants in disease and health. Int J Bıomed Sci. 2008;4(2):89-96.
- Hardenbergh PH, Munley MT, Bentel GC. Cardiac perfusion changes in patients treated for breast cancer with radiation therapy and doxorubicin: preliminary results. Int J Rad Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;49:1023-1028.
- Huang Y, Mironova M, M.F. Lopes-Virella M.F. Oxidized LDL stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999;19(11):2640-2647.
- Eren MA, Torun AN, Tabur S, Ulas T, Demir M, Sabuncu T, et al. Serum prolidase activity in diabetic foot ulcers. Acta Diabetol. 2013;50:423-427.
- Altindag O, Erel O, Aksoy N, Selek S, Celik H, Karaoglanoglu M. Increased oxidative stress and its relation with collagen metabolism in knee osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2007;27:339–344.
- Uzar E, Tamam Y, Evliyaoglu O, Tuzcu A, Beyaz C, Acar A, et al. Serum prolidase activity and oxidative status in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Neurol Sci. 2012;32:875–880.
- Zanaboni G, Dyne KM, Rossi A. Prolidase deficiency: biochemical study of erythrocyte and skin fibroblast prolidase activity in Italian patients. Haematologica. 1994;79:13-18.
- Hui KS, Lajtha A. Prolidase activity in brain: Comparison with other organs. J Neurochem. 1978;30:321–327.