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Obesity, Obesity-Related Hypertension And Risk Factors In Children

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 88 - 93, 08.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.732576

Öz

Childhood obesity is one of the most important worldwide public health problems. Overweight and obesity prevalence is increasing in both developed and developing countries. This increased prevalence has led to an increase in the obesity-related co-morbid diseases. One of these diseases is obesity-related hypertension.Herein, the relationship between hypertension and obesity in children ,definiations, measurment methods, frequency and will be reviewed and obesity-related hypertension mechanisms will be discussed.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn LM, Pietrobelli A, Goulding A, Goran MI, Dietz WH. Va-lidity of body mass index compared with other body-composition screening indexes for the assessment of body fatness in children and adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Jun;75(6):978-985.
  • 2. Barlow SE. Expert Committee recommendations re¬garding the prevention, assessment, and treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity: Summary report. Pediatrics 2007 Dec;120(4):164-192
  • 3. Kumar S, Kelly AS. Review of Childhood Obesity: From Epidemiology, Etiology, and Comorbidities to Clinical Assessment and Treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2017 Feb;92(2):251-265.
  • 4. Lifshitz, F. Pediatric Endocrinology, 5th ed. New York: Informa Healthcare USA Inc., 2006.
  • 5. Güneş H, Alkan Baylan F, Güneş H, Temiz F. Can Nesfatin-1 Predict Hypertension in Obese Children? J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2020 Mar 19;12(1):29-36
  • 6. Çelmeli G, Çürek Y, Arslan Gülten Z, Yardımsever M, Koyun M, Akçurin S, Bircan İ. Remarkable Increase in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among School Age Children in Antalya, Turkey, Between 2003 and 2015. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2019;11:76-81.
  • 7. Obezite tanı ve tedavi klavuzu. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği. Turkey, Miki Matbacılık, 2018:16.
  • 8. Hatun Ş. Çocukluk çağı obezitesinin dünya ve Türkiye’de sıklığı. Turkish J Pediatr Dis. 2012;1(2):7-14
  • 9. Malik VS, Schulze MB, Hu FB. Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: A systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84:274-288.
  • 10. Epstein LH, Roemmich JN, Robinson JL, Paluc RA, Winiewicz DD, JH Fuerch, et al. A randomized trial of the effects of reducing television viewing and computer use on body mass index in young children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162:239-245.
  • 11. Taveras EM, Rifas-Shiman SL, Oken E, Gunderson EP, MW Gillman. Short sleep duration in infancy and risk of childhood overweight. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008 Apr;162(4):305-311.
  • 12. Liu X, Forbes EE, Ryan ND, Rofey D, Hannon TS, Dahl RE. Rapid eye move¬ment sleep in relation to overweight in children and adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008 Aug;65(8):924-932.
  • 13. Dubois L, Girard M. Early determinants of overweight at 4.5 years in a population-based longitudinal study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006 Apr;30(4):610-617.
  • 14. Speiser PW1, Rudolf MC, Anhalt H, Camacho-Hubner C, Chiarelli F, Eliakim A, et al. Obesity Consensus Working Group. Childhood obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(3):1871-87.
  • 15. Temiz F, Güneş H, Güneş H. Evaluation of Atrial Electromechanical Delay in Children with Obesity. Medicina (Kaunas). 2019 May 30;55(6):228
  • 16. Güneş H, Güneş H, Temiz F. The Relationship Between Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Insulin Resistance in Obese Children. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020 Mar 13. pii: S0066-782X2020005004203. doi: 10.36660/abc.20190197. [Epub ahead of print] English, Portuguese. PubMed PMID: 32187283.
  • 17. Candan C., Çalışkan S. Çocukluk çağında hipertansiyona yaklaşım: Derleme. Türk Pediatri Arşivi 2005;40, 15-22.
  • 18. Flynn JT, Daniels SR, Hayman LL, Maahs DM, McCrindle BW, Johnson RJ, et al. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in children and adolescents: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension. 2014 May; 63(5):1116-1135.
  • 19. Sumboonnanonda A, Chongcharoensuk C, Supavekin S. Persistent hypertension in Thai children: Etiologies and outcome. Journal of The Medical Association of Thailand 2006 Aug;89(2):28-32.
  • 20. Aghamohammadzadeh R, Heagerty AM. Obesity-related hypertension: epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatments, and the contribution of perivascular adipose tissue. Annals of Medicine 2012;44(1):74-84.
  • 21. Gilardini L, Parati G, Sartorio A, Mazzilli G, Pontiggia B, Invitti C, et al. Sympathoadrenergic and metabolic factors are involved in ambulatory blood pressure rise in childhood obesity. Journal of Human Hypertension. 2008 Feb;22(2):75-82.
  • 22. Lurbe E, Torro I, Aguilar F, Alvarez J, Alcon J, Pascual JM, et al. Added impact of obesity and insulin resistance in nocturnal blood pressure elevation in children and adolescents. Hypertension. 2008 Mar;51(3):635-641
  • 23. Mule G, Nardi E, Cottone S, Cusimano P, Volpe V, Piazza G, et al. Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage. Journal of Internal Medicine, 2005 Jun;257(6):503-513.
  • 24. Awazu M. Hypertension. Avner ED, HarmonWE, Niaudet P, Yoshikawa N. In Pediatric Nephrology, 6th ed. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer Springer Verlag, 2009:1457-541
  • 25. Becton LJ, Shatat IF, Flynn JT. Hypertension and obesity: Epidemiology, mechanisms and clinical approach. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2012 Aug;79(8):1056-1061.
  • 26. Rabia F, Silke B, Conterno A, Grosso T, De Vito B, Rabbone I, et al. Assessment of cadiac autonomic modulation during adolescent obesity. Obesity Research, 2003 Apr;11(4):541-548.
  • 27. Falkner B, Gidding SS, Ramirez-Garnica G, Wiltrout SA, West D, Rappaport EB, et al. The relationship of body mass index and blood pressure in primary care pediatric patients. Journal of Pediatrics, 2006 Feb;148:195-200
  • 28. Becton LJ, Shatat IF, Flynn JT. Hypertension and obesity: epidemiology, mechanisms and clinical approach. Indian J Pediatr. 2012 Aug;79(8):1056-1061
  • 29. Kotsis V, Stabouli S, Papakatsika S, Rizos Z, Parati G. Mechanisms of obesity-induced hypertension. Hypertension Research,2010 May;33(5):386-393.
  • 30. Hall JE, Hildebrandt DA, Kuo J. Obesity hypertension: Role of leptin and sympathetic nervous system. American Journal of Hypertension, 2001 Jun;14(6 Pt 2):103-115.
  • 31. Bantle JP. Dietary fructose and metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Journal of Nutrition, 2009 Jun;139(6):1263-1268.
  • 32. Khoury PR, Mitsnefes M. Age-specific reference intervals for indexed left ventricular mass in children. Journal of American Society of Echocardiography, 2009 Jun;22:709-714.
  • 33. Sundström J, Sullivan L, D’Agostino RB, Levy D, Kannel WB, Vasan RS. Relations of serum uric acid to longitudinal blood pressure tracking and hypertension incidence. Hypertension. 2005 Jan; 45:28–33
  • 34. South AM, Shaltout HA, Nixon PA, Diz DI, Jensen ET, O'Shea TM, et al. Association of circulating uric acid and angiotensin-(1-7) in relation to higher blood pressure in adolescents and the influence of preterm birth. J Hum Hypertens. 2020 Apr 28. doi: 10.1038/s41371-020-0335-3. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 32346123.
  • 35. Feig DI, Kang, DH, Johnson, RJ. Uric acid and cardiovascular risk. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008 Oct;359(17):1811-1821.
  • 36. Göknar N, Çalışkan S. New guidelines for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of pediatric hypertension. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2020 Mar 9;55(1):11-22.
  • 37. Lubre E, Alcon JJ, Redon J. Epidemiology and concequencesof childhood hypertension. In: Geary DF, Schaefer F (editors).Comprehensive Pediatric Nephrology. 1th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier Inc; 2008. p. 637-44
  • 38. Daniels SR. Consultation with the specialist. The diagnosis ofhypertension in children: an update. Pediatr Rev. 1997 Apr;18(4):131-5.
  • 39. Norwood VF. Hypertension. Pediatr Rev. 2002 Jun;23(6):197-208
  • 40. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents.The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2004 Aug;114(Suppl 4):555-73.
  • 41. Speiser PW1, Rudolf MC, Anhalt H, Camacho-Hubner C, Chiarelli F, Eliakim A, et al. Obesity Consensus Working Group.. Childhood obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Mar;90(3):1871-87.
  • 42. James J, Thomas P, Cavan D, Kerr D. Preventing child¬hood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2004 May;328:1237.
  • 43. Styne DM, Arslanian SA, Connor EL, Farooqi IS, Murad MH, Silverstein JH, et al. Pediatric Obesity-Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Mar 1;102(3):709-757.

Çocuklarda Obezite, Obezite İlişkili Hipertansiyon Ve Risk Faktörleri

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 88 - 93, 08.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.732576

Öz

Çocukluk çağı obezitesi dünya çapında en önemli halk sağlığı sorunlarından biridir. Hem gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde aşırı kilo ve obezite prevalansı artmaktadır. Bu artmış prevalans, obezite ile ilişkili komorbid hastalıklarda artışa neden olmuştur. Bu hastalıklardan bir tanesi de obezite ilişkili hipertansiyondur. Burada, çocuklarda obezite ve hipertansiyon genel tanım ve ölçüm yöntemlerinden, sıklığından ve nedenlerinden bahsedilecek, aralarındaki ilişki gözden geçirilecek ve obezite ilişkili hipertansiyon mekanizmalarına değinilecektir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn LM, Pietrobelli A, Goulding A, Goran MI, Dietz WH. Va-lidity of body mass index compared with other body-composition screening indexes for the assessment of body fatness in children and adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Jun;75(6):978-985.
  • 2. Barlow SE. Expert Committee recommendations re¬garding the prevention, assessment, and treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity: Summary report. Pediatrics 2007 Dec;120(4):164-192
  • 3. Kumar S, Kelly AS. Review of Childhood Obesity: From Epidemiology, Etiology, and Comorbidities to Clinical Assessment and Treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2017 Feb;92(2):251-265.
  • 4. Lifshitz, F. Pediatric Endocrinology, 5th ed. New York: Informa Healthcare USA Inc., 2006.
  • 5. Güneş H, Alkan Baylan F, Güneş H, Temiz F. Can Nesfatin-1 Predict Hypertension in Obese Children? J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2020 Mar 19;12(1):29-36
  • 6. Çelmeli G, Çürek Y, Arslan Gülten Z, Yardımsever M, Koyun M, Akçurin S, Bircan İ. Remarkable Increase in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among School Age Children in Antalya, Turkey, Between 2003 and 2015. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2019;11:76-81.
  • 7. Obezite tanı ve tedavi klavuzu. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği. Turkey, Miki Matbacılık, 2018:16.
  • 8. Hatun Ş. Çocukluk çağı obezitesinin dünya ve Türkiye’de sıklığı. Turkish J Pediatr Dis. 2012;1(2):7-14
  • 9. Malik VS, Schulze MB, Hu FB. Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: A systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84:274-288.
  • 10. Epstein LH, Roemmich JN, Robinson JL, Paluc RA, Winiewicz DD, JH Fuerch, et al. A randomized trial of the effects of reducing television viewing and computer use on body mass index in young children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162:239-245.
  • 11. Taveras EM, Rifas-Shiman SL, Oken E, Gunderson EP, MW Gillman. Short sleep duration in infancy and risk of childhood overweight. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008 Apr;162(4):305-311.
  • 12. Liu X, Forbes EE, Ryan ND, Rofey D, Hannon TS, Dahl RE. Rapid eye move¬ment sleep in relation to overweight in children and adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008 Aug;65(8):924-932.
  • 13. Dubois L, Girard M. Early determinants of overweight at 4.5 years in a population-based longitudinal study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006 Apr;30(4):610-617.
  • 14. Speiser PW1, Rudolf MC, Anhalt H, Camacho-Hubner C, Chiarelli F, Eliakim A, et al. Obesity Consensus Working Group. Childhood obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(3):1871-87.
  • 15. Temiz F, Güneş H, Güneş H. Evaluation of Atrial Electromechanical Delay in Children with Obesity. Medicina (Kaunas). 2019 May 30;55(6):228
  • 16. Güneş H, Güneş H, Temiz F. The Relationship Between Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Insulin Resistance in Obese Children. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020 Mar 13. pii: S0066-782X2020005004203. doi: 10.36660/abc.20190197. [Epub ahead of print] English, Portuguese. PubMed PMID: 32187283.
  • 17. Candan C., Çalışkan S. Çocukluk çağında hipertansiyona yaklaşım: Derleme. Türk Pediatri Arşivi 2005;40, 15-22.
  • 18. Flynn JT, Daniels SR, Hayman LL, Maahs DM, McCrindle BW, Johnson RJ, et al. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in children and adolescents: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension. 2014 May; 63(5):1116-1135.
  • 19. Sumboonnanonda A, Chongcharoensuk C, Supavekin S. Persistent hypertension in Thai children: Etiologies and outcome. Journal of The Medical Association of Thailand 2006 Aug;89(2):28-32.
  • 20. Aghamohammadzadeh R, Heagerty AM. Obesity-related hypertension: epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatments, and the contribution of perivascular adipose tissue. Annals of Medicine 2012;44(1):74-84.
  • 21. Gilardini L, Parati G, Sartorio A, Mazzilli G, Pontiggia B, Invitti C, et al. Sympathoadrenergic and metabolic factors are involved in ambulatory blood pressure rise in childhood obesity. Journal of Human Hypertension. 2008 Feb;22(2):75-82.
  • 22. Lurbe E, Torro I, Aguilar F, Alvarez J, Alcon J, Pascual JM, et al. Added impact of obesity and insulin resistance in nocturnal blood pressure elevation in children and adolescents. Hypertension. 2008 Mar;51(3):635-641
  • 23. Mule G, Nardi E, Cottone S, Cusimano P, Volpe V, Piazza G, et al. Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage. Journal of Internal Medicine, 2005 Jun;257(6):503-513.
  • 24. Awazu M. Hypertension. Avner ED, HarmonWE, Niaudet P, Yoshikawa N. In Pediatric Nephrology, 6th ed. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer Springer Verlag, 2009:1457-541
  • 25. Becton LJ, Shatat IF, Flynn JT. Hypertension and obesity: Epidemiology, mechanisms and clinical approach. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2012 Aug;79(8):1056-1061.
  • 26. Rabia F, Silke B, Conterno A, Grosso T, De Vito B, Rabbone I, et al. Assessment of cadiac autonomic modulation during adolescent obesity. Obesity Research, 2003 Apr;11(4):541-548.
  • 27. Falkner B, Gidding SS, Ramirez-Garnica G, Wiltrout SA, West D, Rappaport EB, et al. The relationship of body mass index and blood pressure in primary care pediatric patients. Journal of Pediatrics, 2006 Feb;148:195-200
  • 28. Becton LJ, Shatat IF, Flynn JT. Hypertension and obesity: epidemiology, mechanisms and clinical approach. Indian J Pediatr. 2012 Aug;79(8):1056-1061
  • 29. Kotsis V, Stabouli S, Papakatsika S, Rizos Z, Parati G. Mechanisms of obesity-induced hypertension. Hypertension Research,2010 May;33(5):386-393.
  • 30. Hall JE, Hildebrandt DA, Kuo J. Obesity hypertension: Role of leptin and sympathetic nervous system. American Journal of Hypertension, 2001 Jun;14(6 Pt 2):103-115.
  • 31. Bantle JP. Dietary fructose and metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Journal of Nutrition, 2009 Jun;139(6):1263-1268.
  • 32. Khoury PR, Mitsnefes M. Age-specific reference intervals for indexed left ventricular mass in children. Journal of American Society of Echocardiography, 2009 Jun;22:709-714.
  • 33. Sundström J, Sullivan L, D’Agostino RB, Levy D, Kannel WB, Vasan RS. Relations of serum uric acid to longitudinal blood pressure tracking and hypertension incidence. Hypertension. 2005 Jan; 45:28–33
  • 34. South AM, Shaltout HA, Nixon PA, Diz DI, Jensen ET, O'Shea TM, et al. Association of circulating uric acid and angiotensin-(1-7) in relation to higher blood pressure in adolescents and the influence of preterm birth. J Hum Hypertens. 2020 Apr 28. doi: 10.1038/s41371-020-0335-3. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 32346123.
  • 35. Feig DI, Kang, DH, Johnson, RJ. Uric acid and cardiovascular risk. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008 Oct;359(17):1811-1821.
  • 36. Göknar N, Çalışkan S. New guidelines for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of pediatric hypertension. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2020 Mar 9;55(1):11-22.
  • 37. Lubre E, Alcon JJ, Redon J. Epidemiology and concequencesof childhood hypertension. In: Geary DF, Schaefer F (editors).Comprehensive Pediatric Nephrology. 1th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier Inc; 2008. p. 637-44
  • 38. Daniels SR. Consultation with the specialist. The diagnosis ofhypertension in children: an update. Pediatr Rev. 1997 Apr;18(4):131-5.
  • 39. Norwood VF. Hypertension. Pediatr Rev. 2002 Jun;23(6):197-208
  • 40. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents.The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2004 Aug;114(Suppl 4):555-73.
  • 41. Speiser PW1, Rudolf MC, Anhalt H, Camacho-Hubner C, Chiarelli F, Eliakim A, et al. Obesity Consensus Working Group.. Childhood obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Mar;90(3):1871-87.
  • 42. James J, Thomas P, Cavan D, Kerr D. Preventing child¬hood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2004 May;328:1237.
  • 43. Styne DM, Arslanian SA, Connor EL, Farooqi IS, Murad MH, Silverstein JH, et al. Pediatric Obesity-Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Mar 1;102(3):709-757.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Salim Ekici 0000-0001-5881-7302

Serpil Dinçer 0000-0003-0653-6546

Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Temmuz 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Mayıs 2020
Kabul Tarihi 4 Haziran 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

AMA Ekici S, Dinçer S. Çocuklarda Obezite, Obezite İlişkili Hipertansiyon Ve Risk Faktörleri. KSÜ Tıp Fak Der. Temmuz 2020;15(2):88-93. doi:10.17517/ksutfd.732576