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Evidence-Based Recommendations for Some Non-Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation First Aid Applications

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 205 - 212, 15.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.907345

Öz

Abstract
Thousands of people die or become disabled every year due to illness, disaster, traffic accidents, work and home accidents. According to the researches, 50% of the deaths occur within the first half an hour. In order to prevent the increase in these deaths, first aid knowledge is required. Therefore, evidence-based
practices should be included in whole process, from the basic principles and practices of first aid to hospital care of the patient/injured. In the guide published by American Heart Association (AHA) and Red Cross in 2020, the stroke recognizes and cures, the management of hypoglycaemia, anti-coagulant treatment for non-traumatic chest pain, life-threatening bleeding, the use of compressions to be applied in trauma, hyperthermia or heatstroke treatments are emphasized. Including evidence-based practices in first aid possibly reduce mortality and morbidity rates with conscious, quality first aid as soon as possible. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of harm, to mobilize the society within the scope of disaster preparedness, to contribute to the development of health awareness, to ensure that people are competent in saving their lives and standardizing first aid practices. The recommendations of the guides should be taken into consideration in this process.

Kaynakça

  • 1Atik D, Cander B, Dikmetaş C, Bulut B, Sert E, Kaya H, Bayramoğlu, A. Trafik Kazası ile Gelen Pediatrik Hastalarda, Kaza Oluş Şekilleri ile Travma Skorlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2020;46(1):47-52.
  • Yorulma DS. Kırsal bölgede 0-6 yaş çocuğu olan annelerin ev kazalarına yönelik güvenlik önlemlerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya, 2019.
  • Kılıç N, Şimşek N. Psikolojik ilk yardım ve hemşirelik. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 2018;9(3),212-218.
  • Karataş K, Demiröz F, Aygüler E, Ayal MÇ, Bolgün C. Syrian beneficiaries of Turkish Red Crescent Ankara community centre: Problems, requirements, expectations and satisfaction levels. Türk Kızılay Derneği, ARCS Matbaacılık. Ankara, 2018, ISBN:978-605-5599-29-4.
  • Pellegrino JL, Charlton NP, Carlson JN, Flores GE, Goolsby CA, Hoover AV, et al. 2020 American Heart Association and American Red Cross focused update for first aid. Circulation. 2020;142(17):287-303.
  • Magid DJ, Aziz K, Cheng A, Hazinski MF, Hoover AV, Mahgoub M et al. Part 2: Evidence evaluation and guidelines development: 2020 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2020;142(16_Suppl_2):358-365.
  • Pek JH. Guidelines for bystander first aid 2016. Singapore Med J. 2017;58(7):411-417.
  • Levels (Quality) of Evidence (LOE) and Class (Strength) of Recommendation (COR), 2020. Access: https://cpr.heart.org/ en/resuscitation-science/cpr-and-ecc-guidelines/tables/applying- class-of-recommendation-and-level-of-evidence. Access Date:07.12.2020
  • Sarı AA. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Acil Servisine 112 ambulansı ile başvuran hastaların sosyodemografik özelliklerinin ve klinik sonlanımlarının retrospektif olarak incelenmesi. Uzmanlık tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi. Denizli,2020.
  • Arslan S, Erden S. İlk yardıma giriş. Ed. Yanardağ M, Yılmaz İ. Sağlık ve ilk yardım. 1.Baskı, Ankara, Pegem Akademi. 2017;82- 108. ISBN: 978-605-318-775-2.
  • Çolak T, Yencilek Hİ, Kalaycıoğlu O, Çelik K, Tekten BÖ. Acil serviste akut inme tanısı alan hastaların değerlendirilmesi: iki yıllık analiz. Turk J Neurol. 2020;26:142-148.
  • Adeva-Andany MM, Martínez-Rodríguez J, González-Lucán M, Fernández-Fernández C, Castro-Quintela E. Insulin resistance is a cardiovascular risk factor in humans. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2019;13(2):1449-1455.
  • Boyraz S. İnmede akut dönem bakımı ve komplikasyonların önlenmesi. Türkiye Klinikleri İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği-Özel Konular. 2015;1(1):13-21.
  • Altuntaş M. Acil servise başvuran akut iskemik inmeli hastalarda, Eskişehir bölgesinde uygulanan “Akut inme protokolü” nün etkinliğini ve hasta bakım sürecini değerlendirmek. Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Osmangazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Eskişehir, 2013.
  • Topçuoğlu MA, Utku U, İnce B, Özdemir AÖ, Bas DF, Kutluk K et al. General stroke management in stroke unit: guidelines of Turkish society of cerebrovascular diseases, Turk Serebrovasküler Hastalıklar Dergisi. 2015;21(2):89-92.
  • Hong ES, Kim SH, Kim WY, Ahn R, Hong JS. Factors associated with prehospital delay in acute stroke in Ulsan, Korea. Emerg Med J.2011;41:59-63.
  • Çığşar G, User NN. Acil servise başvuran akut inmeli hastaların analizi. Kafkas Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi. 2015;5(1):6–12.
  • Roffe C, Ali K, Warusevitane A, Sills S, Pountain S, Allen M et al. The SOS pilot study: a RCT of routine oxygen supplementation early after acute stroke–effect on recovery of neurological function at one week. PLoS One. 2011;6:e19113.
  • Roffe C, Nevatte T, Sim J, Bishop J, Ives N, Ferdinand P et al. Effect of routine low-dose oxygen supplementation on death and disability in adults with acute stroke: the stroke oxygen study randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2017; 318:1125–1135.
  • Singhal AB, Benner T, Roccatagliata L, Koroshetz WJ, Schaefer PW, Lo EH et al. A pilot study of normobaric oxygen therapy in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2005;36:797–802.
  • Ali K, Warusevitane A, Lally F, Sim J, Sills S, Pountain S et al. The stroke oxygen pilot study: a randomized controlled trial of the effects of routine oxygen supplementation early after acute stroke–effect on key outcomes at six months. PLoS One.2014; 8:e59274.
  • Mazdeh M, Taher A, Torabian S, Seifirad S. Effects of normobaric hyperoxia in severe acute stroke: a randomized controlled clinical trial study. Acta Med Iran. 2015;53:676–680.
  • National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (UK). Stroke: National Clinical Guideline for Diagnosis and Initial Management of Acute Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA). London: Royal College of Physicians (UK); 2008. (NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 68.) Available from: https://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53295/
  • European Stroke Organisation (ESO) Executive Committee; ESO Writing Committee. Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack 2008. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2008;25(5):457-507.
  • Anderson D, Larson D, Bluhm J, Charipar R, Fiscus L, Hanson M et al. Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Diagnosis and initial treatment of ischemic stroke. Updated July. 2012. Accessed Adress http://sicoa.net/old/pdf/ICSI_IschemicStroke_ 2012.pdf Accessed Date: 09.12.2020
  • Sıgn-Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Management of patients with stroke or TIA: assessment, investigation, immediate management and secondary prevention. A national clinical guideline. 2010. Accessed Adress: http://library.nhsggc.org. uk/media/223794/sign119.pdf Accessed Date: 09.12.2020
  • Stroke Foundation of New Zealand. New Zealand Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Management. 2010. Accessed Adress: https:// www.health.govt.nz/system/files/documents/publications/ nzclinicalguidelinesstrokemanagement2010activecontents.pdf Accessed Date: 10.12.2020
  • Arpacı H. İlk yardım ve acil müdahale. 2015. Accessed Adress: https://dspace.ankara.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/ 20.500.12575/66572/%C4%B0lk_yardim_ve_acil_mudahale. PDF?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Accessed Date: 10.01.2021
  • De Buck E, Borra V, Carlson JN, Zideman DA, Singletary EM, Djärv T. First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;4:CD013283.
  • Freimark D, Matetzky S, Leor J, Boyko V, Barbash IM, Behar S et al. Timing of aspirin administration as a determinant of survival of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis. Am J Cardiol. 2002;89:381–385.
  • Barbash I, Freimark D, Gottlieb S, Hod H, Hasin Y, Battler A, et al. Outcome of myocardial infarction in patients treated with aspirin is enhanced by pre-hospital administration. Cardiology. 2002;98:141–147.
  • Djarv T, Swain JM, Chang WT, Zideman DA, Singletary E. Early or first aid administration versus late or in-hospital administration of aspirin for non-traumatic adult chest pain: a systematic review. Cureus. 2020;12:e6862.
  • Paydar S, Farhadi P, Ghaffarpasand F, Taheri A, Farbood A, Dabiri G, et al. Acute trauma pain control algorithm. Bull Emerg Trauma. 2014;2(4):170-171.
  • Gündoğdu AG, Çamaş HE, Yazkan R. Künt Toraks Travması. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2018;25.1:86-97.
  • Jacobs L, Burns KJ. The Hartford Consensus to improve survivability in mass casualty events: Process to policy. Am J Disaster Med. 2014;9:67–71.
  • Kauvar DS, Lefering R, Wade CE. Impact of hemorrhage on trauma outcome: an overview of epidemiology, clinical presentations, and therapeutic considerations. J Trauma. 2006;60(suppl):3–11.
  • Beytar F. Acil yardım akıllı turnike sistemi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi, Ankara, 2017. Accessed Adress: http://earsiv.etu.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/ 20.500.11851/2606 Accessed Date: 10.01.2021
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Kardiyopulmoner Resusitasyon Dışı Bazı İlk Yardım Uygulamalarında Kanıta Dayalı Öneriler

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 205 - 212, 15.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.907345

Öz

Özet
Ülkemizde her yıl hastalık, afet, trafik kazaları, iş ve ev kazaları nedeniyle binlerce insan hayatını kaybetmekte veya sakat kalmaktadır. Yapılan araştırmalara göre ölümlerin %50’lik bölümü ilk yarım saat içerisinde oluşmaktadır. Bu ölümlerin artmasının önüne geçmek için ilk yardım bilgisine sahip olunması gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda ilk yardımın temel ilke ve uygulamalarından hasta/yaralının hastanede bakımına kadar her süreçte kanıta dayalı uygulamalara yer verilmelidir. Amerikan Kalp Cemiyeti (American Heart Association-AHA) ve Red Cross tarafından 2020 yılında yayınlanan rehberde, inmeyi tanıma ve tedavisi, hipoglisemi yönetimi, travmatik olmayan göğüs ağrısında uygulanacak antikoagülan tedavi, ciddi kanamalar, travmalarda uygulanacak kompresyonların kullanımı, sıcak çarpmalarındaki tedaviler üzerinde durulmuştur. İlk yardım uygulamalarında kanıta dayalı uygulamalara yer vererek en kısa sürede bilinçli, kaliteli ve doğru ilk yardım ile mortalite ve morbidite oranlarının azaltılması mümkündür. Bu bağlamda zarar risklerini azaltmak, afetlere hazırlık çalışmaları kapsamında toplumu harekete geçirmek, sağlık bilincinin gelişimine katkıda bulunmak, kişilerin hayatlarını kurtarmada yeterli olmalarını sağlamak ve ilk yardım uygulamalarını standardize etmek amacıyla rehberlerin önerileri dikkate alınmalıdır.

Kaynakça

  • 1Atik D, Cander B, Dikmetaş C, Bulut B, Sert E, Kaya H, Bayramoğlu, A. Trafik Kazası ile Gelen Pediatrik Hastalarda, Kaza Oluş Şekilleri ile Travma Skorlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2020;46(1):47-52.
  • Yorulma DS. Kırsal bölgede 0-6 yaş çocuğu olan annelerin ev kazalarına yönelik güvenlik önlemlerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya, 2019.
  • Kılıç N, Şimşek N. Psikolojik ilk yardım ve hemşirelik. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 2018;9(3),212-218.
  • Karataş K, Demiröz F, Aygüler E, Ayal MÇ, Bolgün C. Syrian beneficiaries of Turkish Red Crescent Ankara community centre: Problems, requirements, expectations and satisfaction levels. Türk Kızılay Derneği, ARCS Matbaacılık. Ankara, 2018, ISBN:978-605-5599-29-4.
  • Pellegrino JL, Charlton NP, Carlson JN, Flores GE, Goolsby CA, Hoover AV, et al. 2020 American Heart Association and American Red Cross focused update for first aid. Circulation. 2020;142(17):287-303.
  • Magid DJ, Aziz K, Cheng A, Hazinski MF, Hoover AV, Mahgoub M et al. Part 2: Evidence evaluation and guidelines development: 2020 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2020;142(16_Suppl_2):358-365.
  • Pek JH. Guidelines for bystander first aid 2016. Singapore Med J. 2017;58(7):411-417.
  • Levels (Quality) of Evidence (LOE) and Class (Strength) of Recommendation (COR), 2020. Access: https://cpr.heart.org/ en/resuscitation-science/cpr-and-ecc-guidelines/tables/applying- class-of-recommendation-and-level-of-evidence. Access Date:07.12.2020
  • Sarı AA. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Acil Servisine 112 ambulansı ile başvuran hastaların sosyodemografik özelliklerinin ve klinik sonlanımlarının retrospektif olarak incelenmesi. Uzmanlık tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi. Denizli,2020.
  • Arslan S, Erden S. İlk yardıma giriş. Ed. Yanardağ M, Yılmaz İ. Sağlık ve ilk yardım. 1.Baskı, Ankara, Pegem Akademi. 2017;82- 108. ISBN: 978-605-318-775-2.
  • Çolak T, Yencilek Hİ, Kalaycıoğlu O, Çelik K, Tekten BÖ. Acil serviste akut inme tanısı alan hastaların değerlendirilmesi: iki yıllık analiz. Turk J Neurol. 2020;26:142-148.
  • Adeva-Andany MM, Martínez-Rodríguez J, González-Lucán M, Fernández-Fernández C, Castro-Quintela E. Insulin resistance is a cardiovascular risk factor in humans. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2019;13(2):1449-1455.
  • Boyraz S. İnmede akut dönem bakımı ve komplikasyonların önlenmesi. Türkiye Klinikleri İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği-Özel Konular. 2015;1(1):13-21.
  • Altuntaş M. Acil servise başvuran akut iskemik inmeli hastalarda, Eskişehir bölgesinde uygulanan “Akut inme protokolü” nün etkinliğini ve hasta bakım sürecini değerlendirmek. Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Osmangazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Eskişehir, 2013.
  • Topçuoğlu MA, Utku U, İnce B, Özdemir AÖ, Bas DF, Kutluk K et al. General stroke management in stroke unit: guidelines of Turkish society of cerebrovascular diseases, Turk Serebrovasküler Hastalıklar Dergisi. 2015;21(2):89-92.
  • Hong ES, Kim SH, Kim WY, Ahn R, Hong JS. Factors associated with prehospital delay in acute stroke in Ulsan, Korea. Emerg Med J.2011;41:59-63.
  • Çığşar G, User NN. Acil servise başvuran akut inmeli hastaların analizi. Kafkas Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi. 2015;5(1):6–12.
  • Roffe C, Ali K, Warusevitane A, Sills S, Pountain S, Allen M et al. The SOS pilot study: a RCT of routine oxygen supplementation early after acute stroke–effect on recovery of neurological function at one week. PLoS One. 2011;6:e19113.
  • Roffe C, Nevatte T, Sim J, Bishop J, Ives N, Ferdinand P et al. Effect of routine low-dose oxygen supplementation on death and disability in adults with acute stroke: the stroke oxygen study randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2017; 318:1125–1135.
  • Singhal AB, Benner T, Roccatagliata L, Koroshetz WJ, Schaefer PW, Lo EH et al. A pilot study of normobaric oxygen therapy in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2005;36:797–802.
  • Ali K, Warusevitane A, Lally F, Sim J, Sills S, Pountain S et al. The stroke oxygen pilot study: a randomized controlled trial of the effects of routine oxygen supplementation early after acute stroke–effect on key outcomes at six months. PLoS One.2014; 8:e59274.
  • Mazdeh M, Taher A, Torabian S, Seifirad S. Effects of normobaric hyperoxia in severe acute stroke: a randomized controlled clinical trial study. Acta Med Iran. 2015;53:676–680.
  • National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (UK). Stroke: National Clinical Guideline for Diagnosis and Initial Management of Acute Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA). London: Royal College of Physicians (UK); 2008. (NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 68.) Available from: https://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53295/
  • European Stroke Organisation (ESO) Executive Committee; ESO Writing Committee. Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack 2008. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2008;25(5):457-507.
  • Anderson D, Larson D, Bluhm J, Charipar R, Fiscus L, Hanson M et al. Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Diagnosis and initial treatment of ischemic stroke. Updated July. 2012. Accessed Adress http://sicoa.net/old/pdf/ICSI_IschemicStroke_ 2012.pdf Accessed Date: 09.12.2020
  • Sıgn-Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Management of patients with stroke or TIA: assessment, investigation, immediate management and secondary prevention. A national clinical guideline. 2010. Accessed Adress: http://library.nhsggc.org. uk/media/223794/sign119.pdf Accessed Date: 09.12.2020
  • Stroke Foundation of New Zealand. New Zealand Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Management. 2010. Accessed Adress: https:// www.health.govt.nz/system/files/documents/publications/ nzclinicalguidelinesstrokemanagement2010activecontents.pdf Accessed Date: 10.12.2020
  • Arpacı H. İlk yardım ve acil müdahale. 2015. Accessed Adress: https://dspace.ankara.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/ 20.500.12575/66572/%C4%B0lk_yardim_ve_acil_mudahale. PDF?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Accessed Date: 10.01.2021
  • De Buck E, Borra V, Carlson JN, Zideman DA, Singletary EM, Djärv T. First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;4:CD013283.
  • Freimark D, Matetzky S, Leor J, Boyko V, Barbash IM, Behar S et al. Timing of aspirin administration as a determinant of survival of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis. Am J Cardiol. 2002;89:381–385.
  • Barbash I, Freimark D, Gottlieb S, Hod H, Hasin Y, Battler A, et al. Outcome of myocardial infarction in patients treated with aspirin is enhanced by pre-hospital administration. Cardiology. 2002;98:141–147.
  • Djarv T, Swain JM, Chang WT, Zideman DA, Singletary E. Early or first aid administration versus late or in-hospital administration of aspirin for non-traumatic adult chest pain: a systematic review. Cureus. 2020;12:e6862.
  • Paydar S, Farhadi P, Ghaffarpasand F, Taheri A, Farbood A, Dabiri G, et al. Acute trauma pain control algorithm. Bull Emerg Trauma. 2014;2(4):170-171.
  • Gündoğdu AG, Çamaş HE, Yazkan R. Künt Toraks Travması. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2018;25.1:86-97.
  • Jacobs L, Burns KJ. The Hartford Consensus to improve survivability in mass casualty events: Process to policy. Am J Disaster Med. 2014;9:67–71.
  • Kauvar DS, Lefering R, Wade CE. Impact of hemorrhage on trauma outcome: an overview of epidemiology, clinical presentations, and therapeutic considerations. J Trauma. 2006;60(suppl):3–11.
  • Beytar F. Acil yardım akıllı turnike sistemi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi, Ankara, 2017. Accessed Adress: http://earsiv.etu.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/ 20.500.11851/2606 Accessed Date: 10.01.2021
  • Chlan LL, Sabo J, Savik K. Effects of three groin compression methods on patient discomfort, distress, and vascular complications following a percutaneous coronary intervention procedure. Nurs Res. 2005;54:391–398.
  • Lehmann KG, Heath-Lange SJ, Ferris ST. Randomized comparison of hemostasis techniques after invasive cardiovascular procedures. Am Heart J. 1999;138(6 Pt 1):1118–1125.
  • Walker SB, Cleary S, Higgins M. Comparison of the FemoStop device and manual pressure in reducing groin puncture site complications following coronary angioplasty and coronary stent placement. Int J Nurs Pract. 2001;7:366–375.
  • Hatamabadi HR, Asayesh Zarchi F, Kariman H, Arhami Dolatabadi A, Tabatabaey A, Amini A. Celox-coated gauze for the treatment of civilian penetrating trauma: a randomized clinical trial. Trauma Mon. 2015;20:e23862.
  • Scerbo MH, Holcomb JB, Taub E, Gates K, Love JD, Wade CE, et al. The trauma center is too late: major limb trauma without a pre-hospital tourniquet has increased death from hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017;83:1165–1172.
  • Teixeira PGR, Brown CVR, Emigh B, Long M, Foreman M, Eastridge B, et al. Texas Tourniquet Study Group. Civilian Prehospital Tourniquet Use Is Associated with Improved Survival in Patients with Peripheral Vascular Injury. J Am Coll Surg. 2018;226:769–776.
  • Borra V, Berry D, Zideman D, Singletary E, De Buck E. Compression wrapping for acute closed extremity joint injuries: a systematic review. J Athl Train. 2020:Epub ahead of print.
  • Boyce SH, Quigley MA, Campbell S. Management of ankle sprains: a randomised controlled trial of the treatment of inversion injuries using an elastic support bandage or an Aircast ankle brace. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39:91–96.
  • O’connor G, Martin AJ. Acute ankle sprain: is there a best support? Eur J Emerg Med. 2011;18:225–230.
  • Leanderson J, Wredmark T. Treatment of acute ankle sprain. Comparison of a semi-rigid ankle brace and compression bandage in 73 patients. Acta Orthop Scand. 1995;66:529–531.
  • Talebi M, Parisay I, Afshari JT, Shajiei A, Ghadim MS. Viability and reproducibility of periodontal ligament cells on avulsed teeth stored in Ham’s F-10 solution. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2018;42:203–207.
  • Zeissler-Lajtman A, Connert T, Kühl S, Filippi A. Cling film as storage medium for avulsed teeth. An in vitro pilot study. Swiss Dent J. 2017;127(11):954–959.
  • Abraham B KP, Varma BR, Xavier AM, Kumar SJ. Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of aloe vera gel with milk and Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution in maintaining the viability of PDL cells in avulsed teeth. J Clin Diagn Res. 2019;13(3):11–15.
  • Karayilmaz H, Kirzioglu Z, Erken Gungor O. Aetiology, treatment patterns and long-term outcomes of tooth avulsion in children and adolescents. Pak J Med Sci. 2013;29:464–468.
  • De Brier N, Dorien O, Borra V, Singletary EM, Zideman DA, De Buck E et al. Storage of an avulsed tooth prior to replantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Traumatol. 2020;36(5):453-476.
  • Sunil OL, Devadathan A, Jacob J, Mathew J, Rex I. A comparative evaluation of post traumatic periodontal ligament cell viability using four different storage media—an in vitro study. Health Sci. 2013;2:1–9.
  • Prueksakorn A, Puasiri S, Ruangsri S, Makeudom A, Sastraruji T, Krisanaprakornkit S, Chailertvanitkul P. The preservative effect of Thai propolis extract on the viability of human periodontal ligament cells. Dent Traumatol. 2016;32:495–501.
  • Subramaniam P, Girija P, Eswara U, Girish Babu KL. Oral rehydration salt-liquid as a storage medium for avulsed tooth. Dent Traumatol. 2015;31:62–66.
  • Chappuis V, von Arx T. Replantation of 45 avulsed permanent teeth: a 1-year follow-up study. Dent Traumatol. 2005;21:289– 296.
  • Wang G, Wang C, Qin M. A retrospective study of survival of 196 replanted permanent teeth in children. Dent Traumatol. 2019;35:251–258.
  • Kokkali VV, Bendgude V, Sharangpani G. Comparative evaluation of posttraumatic periodontal ligament cell viability using three storage media. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2017;18:209–214.
  • Nabavizadeh M, Abbaszadegan A, Khodabakhsi A, Ahzan S, Mehrabani D. Efficiency of castor oil as a storage medium for avulsed teeth in maintaining the viability of periodontal ligament cells. J Dent (Shiraz). 2018;19:28–33.
  • Dhimole P, Bhayya DP, Gupta S, Kumar P, Tiwari S, Pandey S. Evaluation of the efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) as storage media in maintaining periodontal ligament cell viability: an in vitro study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2019;37:140–145.
  • Walker A, Driller M, Brearley M, Argus C, Rattray B. Cold-water immersion and iced-slush ingestion are effective at cooling firefighters following a simulated search and rescue task in a hot environment. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014;39:1159–1166.
  • DeMartini JK, Ranalli GF, Casa DJ, Lopez RM, Ganio MS, Stearns RL et al. Comparison of body cooling methods on physiological and perceptual measures of mildly hyperthermic athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25:2065–2074.
  • Peiffer JJ, Abbiss CR, Watson G, Nosaka K, Laursen PB. Effect of cold-water immersion duration on body temperature and muscle function. J Sports Sci. 2009;27:987–993.
  • Peiffer JJ, Abbiss CR, Watson G, Nosaka K, Laursen PB. Effect of a 5-min cold-water immersion recovery on exercise performance. Br J Sports Med. 2010;44(6):461-465.
  • Proulx CI, Ducharme MB, Kenny GP. Effect of water temperature on cooling efficiency during hyperthermia in humans. J Appl Physiol. 2003;94(4):1317–1323.
  • Douma MJ, Aves T, Allan KS, Bendall JC, Berry DC, Chang WT, et al. First aid cooling techniques for heat stroke and exertional hyperthermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Resuscitation. 2020;148:173–179.
Toplam 66 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Ilknur Tura 0000-0002-1371-9458

Sevilay Erden 0000-0002-6519-864X

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 11 Temmuz 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Temmuz 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Mart 2021
Kabul Tarihi 29 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

AMA Tura I, Erden S. Evidence-Based Recommendations for Some Non-Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation First Aid Applications. KSÜ Tıp Fak Der. Temmuz 2022;17(2):205-212. doi:10.17517/ksutfd.907345