Evaluation of Quality of Life in Donors After Living Liver Transplantation

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 97 - 106, 02.11.2022

Gizem Bayam , Gülseren Pamuk , Hilal Aksoy , Murat Zeytunlu Kurtuluş Öngel

https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.983125

Öz

Abstract

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of transplantation on physical, mental and psychosocial health of donors by evaluating the quality of life of living liver donors after transplantation.

Material and Methods: The study was conducted with three groups at Ege University Faculty of Medicine Organ Transplantation and Research Center. 43 living donors from 2017 and 43 living donors from 2007-2016 who underwent liver transplantation were randomly selected to participate in the study. Also 43 control subjects were selected randomly from the community. The study was conducted by a single interviewer between 01.02.2018 and 31.05.2018 by telephone or e-mail. The socio-demographic data questionnaire, Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale (HADS) prepared by the researchers were applied to all participants.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 38.04±9.84 years, and of these participants 48.1% (n=62) of them were female. When donors and control group were evaluated in terms of their quality of life, no significant difference was found between physical role, energy (vitality) and mental health subgroups.

However, donors have a better quality of life in physical functioning, emotional aspect, social functioning, pain and general health subgroups. It was detected that the quality of life was not affected by age, gender, marital status, educational status, economic status, job loss, comorbidity or disturbance by presence of operational scar. Only sexual problems and the loss of the recipient’s life were observed to have a negative impact on the quality of life. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of anxiety and depression (p<0.05).

Conclusion: In our study, it was determined that donors’ quality of life was not adversely affected by transplantation procedure. But it was observed that post-transplant follow-ups had not been performed properly. In addition to independent units that monitor physical, mental, and psychosocial health of living donors who undergo major surgery without any medical need, awareness should be increased to follow the quality of life by family medicine discipline which adopts biopsychosocial approach.

Anahtar Kelimeler

liver transplantation, living donors, quality of life

Canlı Karaciğer Donörlerinde Yaşam Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, canlı karaciğer donörlerinin transplantasyon sonrası yaşam kalitelerinin değerlendirilerek, transplantasyonun donörlerin fiziksel, ruhsal ve psikososyal sağlıklarına etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Organ Nakli ve Araştırma Merkezi’nde 3 grupta çalışma yürütüldü. 2017 yılında opere olan 43 canlı karaciğer donörü ve 2007-2016 yılları arasındaki 43 canlı donörü çalışmaya katılmak üzere rastgele seçildi. Ayrıca topluluktan rastgele 43 kontrol örneği seçildi.

Çalışma 01.02.2018-31.05.2018 tarihleri arasında tek görüşmeci tarafından telefon veya e-posta yoluyla gerçekleştirildi. Tüm katılımcılara araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan sosyodemografik veri anketi, Kısa Form-36 (KF-36) ve Hastane Anksiyete-Depresyon Ölçeği (HADS) uygulandı.

Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 38.04±9.84 yıl olup, bu katılımcıların %48.1’i (n=62) kadındı. Donör ve kontrol grubu yaşam kaliteleri açısından değerlendirildiğinde fiziksel rol, enerji (canlılık) ve ruh sağlığı alt grupları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Ancak donörlerin fiziksel işlevsellik, emosyonel yön, sosyal işlevsellik, ağrı ve genel sağlık alt gruplarında daha iyi bir yaşam kalitesi vardı. Yaşam kalitesinin yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durumu, ekonomik durum, iş kaybı, komorbidite veya ameliyat skarının varlığından etkilenmediği belirlendi. Sadece cinsel sorunlar ve donörün hayatını kaybetmesinin

yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkilediği gözlemlendi. Anksiyete ve depresyon açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark yoktu (p<0.05)

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda donörlerin yaşam kalitesinin transplantasyondan olumsuz etkilenmediği belirlendi. Ancak nakil sonrası takiplerin gerektiği gibi yapılmadığı görüldü. Herhangi bir tıbbi gereksinim duymadan majör cerrahi geçiren canlı donörlerin fiziksel, ruhsal ve psikososyal sağlıklarını izleyen bağımsız birimlerin yanı sıra biyopsikososyal yaklaşımı benimseyen aile hekimliği disiplini ile yaşam kalitesinin takibi konusunda farkındalık artırılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

karaciğer nakli, canlı donörler, yaşam kalitesi

Kaynakça

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