Çocuklarda Düşük ve Yüksek Voltajlı Elektriksel Yanıklar: On Yıllık Deneyim

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 35 - 40, 16.03.2023

Yasemin Demir Yiğit , Tülin Öztaş

https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.1039637

Öz

Amaç: Yanık yaralanmaları her yaş için önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Elektrik yanıkları yüksek mortalite ve morbidite oranına sahip oldukları için diğer nedenlerle oluşan yanıklardan farklı olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çocuklarda yüksek ve düşük voltajlı elektriksel yanıklar ile ilişkili olabilecek faktörleri belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Elektrik yanığı nedeni ile tedavi gören toplam 72 hastanın kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Elektriksel yanıklar düşük ve yüksek voltajlı olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. İki grup arasında demografik veriler, klinik seyir, tedavi ve sonuçlar karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmada hastaların %83.3’ünde düşük voltaj, %17.7’sinde yüksek voltaj elektriksel yanık saptandı. Kırsal kesimde oturanlarda yüksek voltaj yanığı daha fazla saptandı (p<0.05) Düşük voltajlı elektriksel yanıklar daha çok ev kazası (%90) sonucu oluşurken yüksek voltajlı yaralanmalar çoğunlukla iş kazası (%100) sonucu oluşmuştu (p<0.05). Düşük voltajlı yaralanmalar en sık elektrik prizi ile temas (%91.6), yüksek voltajlı yaralanmalarda trafo ile temas (%83.3)(p<0.05) sonucu oluşmuştu. Yüksek voltaj yaralanmalarda yanık şiddeti daha derin ve hastanede kalış süresi daha uzundu (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Çocuklarda düşük voltajlı elektriksel yanık yaralanması daha sık görülmektedir. Yüksek voltaj yaralanmalarda düşük voltajlı yaralanmalarına oranla cerrahi tedavi gereksinimi, hastanede kalış süresi ve morbidite oranı daha fazladır. Elektriksel yanıkların nedenleri ve koruyucu önlemler ile ilgili eğitimler yapılması, kırsal kesimde alt yapıların düzenlenmesi ile elektriksel yanıklar azaltılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yanık, Elektriksel yanık, Çocuk

Low-and High-Voltage Electrical Burns in Children: Ten Years of Experience

Öz

Objective: Burn injuries are an important public health problem for all ages. Due to electrical burns high mortality and morbidity rates, they should be evaluated differently from burns from other sources. This study aims to determine factors associated with high-and low-voltage electrical burns in children.
Materials and Methods: The records of 72 patients who were treated for electrical burns were analysed. Electrical burns were divided into two groups: low and high voltage. Demographic data, treatment, outcomes were compared between the two groups.
Results: In this study, low-voltage electrical burns were detected in 83.3% of the patients, and high-voltage electrical burns were detected in 17.7% of the patients. High-voltage burns were more common in rural residents (p<0.05). Low-voltage electrical burns mostly occurred as a result of home accidents (90%), while high-voltage injuries were mostly caused by work accidents (100%), (p<0.05). The most common cause of low-voltage injuries was contact
with an electrical outlet (91.6%), for high-voltage injuries it was contact with a transformer (83.3%) (p<0.05). For high-voltage injuries, the severity of the burns was higher, the duration of the hospital stay was longer (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Children generally have low-voltage injuries. High-voltage injuries are associated with more surgical treatment and morbidity, longer hospital stays. Electrical burns can be reduced by training on protective measures and proper arrangement of infrastructure in rural areas

Anahtar Kelimeler

Burn, Burn Electric, Child

Kaynakça

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