The Relationship Between Traumatic Stress Symptoms and Basic Psychological Needs, Irrational Beliefs, and Mood in a Non-Clinical Population

Öz

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between Trauma Stress Symptoms (TSS) and basic psychological needs, irrational beliefs, and mood in the non-clinical population. A total of 212 participants, 127 with TSS symptoms and 85 without TSS symptoms, in the 18-52 age range were included in the study. Demographic Information Form, Impact of Event Scale- Revised (IES-R), Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale (TPIO), Shortened General Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (GTIO-SF), and Positive and Negative Affect Meause (PANAS) were used as data collection tools. In the Independent Sample T Test analysis performed between groups with and without TSS symptoms; compared to the participants who did not show PTS symptoms, the total score of GTIO-SF and this scale's "irrational beliefs", "devaluation of others", "expectation of justice", "seeking comfort", "irrational beliefs of achievement", "irrational beliefs of approval", "self-devaluation ” sub-dimensions, PANAS total score and its sub-dimension "negative mood" sub-dimension were significantly higher; It was determined that PTS symptoms and irrational thoughts and negative mood were positively and significantly correlated with the basic psychological needs scale scores, and negatively and significantly. Multiple linear regression analysis results; it was determined that the presence of trauma predicted the total score of GTIO-SF and its sub-dimension “comfort seeking” positively in the group with PTS symptoms, and “need for autonomy”, which was the sub-dimension of the TPIO scale, negatively, at a level of 38%. This study showed that PTS symptoms and individuals' irrational thoughts and negative mood are positively related while basic psychological needs are negatively related, and the presence of PTS symptoms plays a predictive role in developing irrational beliefs and negative affect, and in meeting the need for autonomy. The findings obtained from the research were discussed in the light of the literature, limitations and suggestions for future research were presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms
• Basic Psychological Needs
• Irrational Beliefs
• Mood

Kaynakça

1. Aldao, A., Hoeksama, S. & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review: 30(2), 217-237.
2. Artıran, M. (2019). Ergenlerde olumlu ve olumsuz duygulanımın yordanmasında temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlar irrasyonel inanışlarının rolü. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7, 79-85.
3. Boduszek, D., Shevlin, M., Adamson, G & Hyland P. (2013). Eysenck's personality model and criminal thinking style within a violent and nonviolent offender sample: Application of propensity score analysis. Deviant Behavior: 34(6), 483-493.
4. Botcharova, O. (2001). Implementation of track two diplomacy: Developing a model of forgiveness. In: R. Helmick & R. Peterson (Edt.), Forgiveness and reconciliation: Religion, public policy and conflict transformation (p. 291). Templeton Foundation Press.
5. Corey, G. (2015). Psikolojik danışma, psikoterapi kuram ve uygulamaları. (Çev: T. Ergene), Mentis Yayıncılık.
6. Çorapçıoğlu, A., Yargıç, İ., Geyran, P. & Kocabaşoğlu, N. (2006). Olayların Etkisi Ölçeği (IES-R) Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Psikiyatri, Nöroloji ve Davranış Bilimleri Dergisi, 44(1), 14-22.
7. Deci, Edward L., Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "What" and "Why" of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior. Psychological Inquiry: An International Journal for the Advancement of Psychological Theory, 11(4), 227-268.
8. Ehring T, Quack D. (2012). Emotion regulation difficulties in trauma survivors: The role of trauma type and PTSD symptom severity. Behavior Therapy: 41(4), 587-598.

9. Ellis A. (1995). Rational emotive behavior therapy. Current psychotherapies, 5, 162-196.
10. Feder, A., Ahmad, S., Lee, E., Morgan, J., Singh, R., Smith, B., Soutwhick, S. & Charney, D. (2013). Coping and PTSD symptoms in Pakistani earthquake survivors: purpose in life, religious coping and social support. Journal of Affective Disorder,147(1-3), 156-63.
11. Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E. & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. Von Hoffman Press.
12. Gençöz, T. (2000). Positive and Negative Affect Schedule: A study of validity and reliability. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 15(46), 19–28.
13. Hyland, P., Shevlin, M., Adamson, G. & Boduszek, D. (2014). The organization of irrational beliefs in posttraumatic stress symptomology: Testing the predictions of REBT theory using structural equation modelling. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70(1), 48-59.
14. Jabson, L., O’Kearney, R. (2009). Impact of cultural differences in self on cognitive appraisals in posttraumatic stress disorder. Behavioural Cognitive Psychotherapy, 37(3), 249-66.
15. Jobson L, O'Kearney R. (2008). Cultural differences in personal identity in post-traumatic stress disorder. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47(1), 95–109.
16. Karataş Z., Yavuzer Y. (2018). Psikolojik danışma ve psikoterapi kuramları. Pegem Akademi.
17. Karasar, N. (2011). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık. Kesici, Ş., Üre, Ö., Bozgeyikli, H., Sünbül, A. (2003). Temel psikolojik ihtyaçlar ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirliği, VII. Ulusal PDR Kongresinde Sunulan Bildiri. Malatya: 2003.
18. Kleim, B., Gonzalo, D. & Ehlers, A. (2011). The depressive attributions questionnaire (DAQ): Development of a short self-report measure of depressogenic attributions. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assesment, 33, 375.
19. Kolts, R., Robinson, A. & Tracy, J. (2004). The relationship of sociotropy and autonomy to posttraumatic cognitions and PTSD symptomatology in trauma survivors. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60(1), 53-63.
20. Miron, L., Seligowski, A., Boykin, D., Orcutt, H. (2016). The potential indirect effect of childhood abuse on posttrauma pathology through self-compassion and fear of self compassion. Mindfulness, 7(3), 596-605. doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0493-0, H. (2016).
21. Monson, C. M., Price, J. L., Rodriguez, B. F., Ripley, M. P. & Warner, R. A. (2004). Emotional deficits in military-related PTSD: An investigation of content and process disturbances. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 17(3), 275–279.
22. Nietlisbach, G. ve Maercker, A. (2009). Effects of social exclusion in trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 1(4), 323–331.
23. Ryan, R. M. ve Deci, E. L. (2000). The darker and brighter sides of human existence: Basic psychological needs as a unifying concept. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 319-338.
24. Ryan, R. M. ve Deci, E. L. (2008). Self-determination theory and the role of basic psychological needs in personality and the organization of behavior. İçinde: O. P. John, R. W. Robins, & L. A. Pervin (Edt.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (s. 654–678). The Guilford Press.
25. Seligowski, A. V., Rogers, A. P. & Orcutt, H. K. (2016). Relations among emotion regulation and DSM-5 symptom clusters of PTSD. Personality and Individual Differences, 92, 104–108.
26. Shapinsky, A. C., Rapport, L. J., Henderson, M. J. & Axelrod, B. N. (2005). Civilian PTSD scales: Relationships with trait characteristics and everyday distress. Assessment, 12(2), 220-230.
27. Shepherd, L., Wild, J. (2014). Emotion regulation, physiological arousal and PTSD symptoms in trauma-exposed individuals. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 45(3), 360-7.
28. Watson, D., Clark, L. A. (1984). Negative affectivity: The disposition to experience aversive emotional states. Psychological Bulletin, 96(3), 465–490.
29. Zakiei, A., Karami, J., Alikhani, M., Ghasemi, S. R. & Rajabi-Gilan, N. (2014). The relationship between alexithymia, irrational beliefs, positive and negative emotions with mental disorders. Hormozgan Medical Journal, 18(5), 392-402.