Kanser Hastalarının Psikolojik Dayanıklılığını ve Başa Çıkma Deneyimlerini Etkileyen Faktörler: Fenomenolojik Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kanser hastalarının psikolojik dayanıklılık ve başa çıkma deneyimlerini etkileyen faktörleri değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Fenomenolojik araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, Türkiye'nin kuzeyindeki bir ilde yaşayan 22 kanser hastasıyla yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Örneklem grubuna ulaşmak için amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden biri olan kriter örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Görüşmeler, veri doygunluğu elde edilene kadar devam etmiştir. Tüm görüşmeler ses kaydı ile kaydedilmiş ve daha sonra transkripsiyonu yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri tematik analiz kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma, COREQ kontrol listesine göre yürütülmüş ve raporlanmıştır. Bulgular: Veri analizi, üç tema (kanserinin etkileri, kanserle başa çıkma, psikolojik dayanıklılık ve etkileyen faktörler) ve sekiz alt tema (zihinsel, fiziksel, sosyal, sosyal desteğin algılanması, tedavi süreci, kişisel yetkinlik ve gelecek planları, manevi eğilim ve olumsuz olaylara bakış açısı) ortaya çıkarmıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları, kanserin bireyler üzerinde olumsuz psikososyal etkileri olduğunu göstermiştir. Kanser tedavisi ve bakım süreci, bireylerin psikolojik dayanıklılığını olumsuz etkileyebilir. Bu süreçte, sosyal destek algısı, başa çıkma kaynakları, olumsuz olaylara bakış açısı, maneviyat gibi durumların psikolojik dayanıklılığı etkileyebileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kanser
• başa çıkma
• fenemenolojik çalışma
• psikolojik sağlamlık
• Türkiye

Factors Affecting Psychological Resilience and Coping Experiences of Cancer Patients: A Phenomenological Study

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting psychological resilience and coping experiences of cancer patients. Methods: In this study using the phenomenological research method, semi- structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 22 individuals with cancer living in a province in northern Turkey. Criterion sampling method, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used to reach the sample group. Interviews continued until data saturation was achieved. All interviews were audio recorded and then transcribed. The data of the study were evaluated using thematic analysis. The study was conducted and reported according to the COREQ checklist. Results: Data analysis revealed three themes (effects of cancer, coping with cancer, psychological resilience and influencing factors) and eight sub-themes (mental, physical, social, perception of social support, treatment process, personal competence and future plans, spiritual disposition and perspective on negative events). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that cancer has a negative psychosocial impact on individuals. The treatment and care process in cancer can negatively affect the psychological resilience of individuals. In this process, it was determined that situations such as perception of social support, coping resources, perspective on negative events, spirituality can affect psychological resilience.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cancer
• coping
• phenomenological study
• psychological resilience
• Turkey

Destekleyen Kurum

The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Etik Beyan

This study was approved by Giresun University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee (E-95674917-108.99-223219) (13.12.2023-2023/6). Informed consent was obtained from the participants before starting the interview. Recordings and transcripts were stored on a password-protected device. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the ethical standards of the National Research Committee.

Teşekkür

This study was presented as an oral presentation at the 1st International Oncology Nursing Association Congress held in Ankara on May 21-23, 2025.

Kaynakça

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