Doğurganlık Çağındaki Kadınlarda Toksoplazma, Kızamıkçık ve Sitomegalovirus Seroprevalansı

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 62 - 68, 20.01.2026

Mehmet Karabey , Selda Kaya

https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1795968

Öz

Giriş
Toxoplasma gondii (TOX), Rubella virüsü (RUV) ve Sitomegalovirus (CMV) enfeksiyonları, gebelik öncesi ve üreme çağındaki kadınlarda ciddi sorunlara yol açan başlıca patojenlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Muğla ilinde doğurganlık çağındaki kadınlarda T. gondii, rubella ve sitomegalovirus seroprevalanslarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler
Ocak 2019 – Ocak 2025 tarihleri arasında Anti-CMV IgM, Anti-CMV IgG, Anti-CMV IgG Avidite, Anti-Rubella IgM, Anti-Rubella IgG, Anti-Toxo IgM, Anti-Toxo IgG ve Anti-Toxo IgG Avidite parametreleri çalışılan, 16-55 yaş aralığındaki olgular dahil edildi. Testler Roche Cobas e 601 (Roche, Germany) cihazında analiz edildi.
Bulgular
Seroprevalansları; Toxo IgM %1,6 ve Toxo IgG %19,8 idi. Toxo IgG aviditesi, %45,2’i düşük avidite ve %54,8’i yüksek avidite idi. Rubella IgM %0,7 ve Rubella IgG %92,9 idi. CMV IgM %1,4 ve CMV IgG %97 idi. CMV IgG aviditesi, %4,3’ü düşük avidite ve %95,7’si ise yüksek avidite idi. Toxo IgM için en yüksek %1,7(78) ile 31-40 yaş arasında, Toxo IgG için en yüksek %26,5(184) ile 40 yaş üzerinde; Rubella IgM için en yüksek %0,8(31) ile 31-40 yaş arasında, Rubella IgG için en yüksek %96,2(51) ile ≤ 20; CMV IgM için en yüksek %1,5(60) ile 31-40 yaş arasında, CMV IgG için en yüksek %98(49) ile 20 yaş ve altında görüldü. Toxo IgM 38 vaka, Rubella IgM 14 vaka ve CMV IgM 33 vaka ile en yüksek 2023 yılında idi.
Sonuç
Bölgemizdeki doğurganlık çağındaki kadınlarda T. gondii, Rubella ve CMV seropozitifliğinin sonuçları, Türkiye'nin diğer bölgelerinde bulunan sonuçlarla benzerdir. Gebelerde Toksoplazma, Rubella ve CMV enfeksiyonlarının taranması konusunda bir fikir birliği yoktur. Her hekim, kendi bölgesindeki seropozitiflik oranlarına bakarak tarama kararını vermelidir. Bu nedenle, her bölgenin etkili tarama için kendi verilerine sahip olması önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Toxoplasma gondii , Rubella , CMV , Seroprevalans , Avidite

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma, Rubella, and Cytomegalovirus in Women of Childbearing Age

Öz

Objective: T. gondii, Rubella, and Cytomegalovirus infections can lead to significant complications in women of reproductive age. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of T. gondii, Rubella, and Cytomegalovirus among women of childbearing age in Muğla, Türkiye.

Methods: The study included cases aged 16-55 years who were tested for Anti-CMV IgM, IgG, Avidity; Anti-Rubella IgM, IgG; Anti-Toxoplasma IgM, IgG and Avidity between January 2019 and January 2025. The analyses were performed using the Roche Cobas e 601 analyzer (Roche, Germany).

Results: The seroprevalence rates were as follows: Toxoplasma IgM 1.6%, Toxoplasma IgG 19.8%, with 45.2% of IgG-positive cases exhibiting low avidity. Rubella IgM was detected in 0.7% and Rubella IgG in 92.9% of the cases. CMV IgM was positive in 1.4% and CMV IgG in 97%, with 4.3% of IgG-positive cases showing low avidity. Positivity for Toxoplasma IgM, Rubella IgM, and CMV IgM was highest in the 31–40 age group. Toxoplasma IgG positivity was most prevalent in women over 40 years of age, while Rubella IgG and CMV IgG seroprevalences were highest among women aged 20 years and under. The highest number of positive cases were observed in 2023 for Toxoplasma IgM (n=38), Rubella IgM (n=14), and CMV IgM (n=33).

Conclusion: There is currently no consensus regarding the routine screening of pregnant women for T. gondii, Rubella, and CMV infections. Physicians should consider regional seroprevalences when making screening decisions. Therefore, it is essential that each region has access to its own epidemiological data to guide effective screening strategies.

Keywords: Avidity, CMV, seroprevalence, Rubella, Toxoplasma gondii.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Toxoplasma gondii , Rubella , CMV , Seroprevalence , Avidity

Etik Beyan

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine (08.04.2025/Reference number:76).

Destekleyen Kurum

No funding

Kaynakça

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