Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 213 - 217, 03.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1150458

Öz

Objective: To investigate the demographic characteristics and prognostic factors of 60 pediatric patients who applied to our emergency clinic due to open globe injury (OGI) and were treated and followed up.
Methods: The medical records of 69 patients aged 16 years and younger, who were operated for OGI between 2010-2021 and followed up for at least one year, were retrospectively reviewed. The patients’ demographic data, the type, cause and mechanism of injury, wound location and accompanying examination findings at the time of admission, time of admission to the hospital, first and last visual acuities (VA), additional surgeries were collected from the records.
Results: The mean age was 11±5 years old. 17.4% were girls and 82.6% were boys. The most common shape of OGI was corneal incision, the most common etiological cause was sharp and penetrating objects (65.1%). Only zone 1 was affected in 87% of the cases, zone 2 in 40.6%, and zone 3 in 13%. Relative afferent pupil defect (RAPD) was present in 37.7% of the cases. Rupture was 5.8%, retinal detachment 8.7%, endophthalmitis 2.9%, perforating injury 4.3%. While VA cannot be evaluated in 7% of the cases at the time of admission, it is 0.1 or less in 60%, 0.1-0.6% in 25.7%. 4.3% had a VA better than 0.6. In the sixth month of follow-up, VA could not be evaluated in 2.9% of the cases, while VA was 0.1 or less in 11.4%, 0.1-0.6 in 25.7%, and better than 0.6 in 60%. Ocular trauma score (OTS) was 74±16 and pediatric ocular trauma score (POTS) was 64±19. OTS was moderately correlated with baseline VA (r=0.687, p<0.001) and moderately correlated with follow-up VA (r=0.611, p<0.001). Correlation values of pediatric ocular trauma score were lower (r=0.574, p<0.001) with baseline VA.
Conclusion: Even though RAPD cannot be evaluated, OTS is a reliable tool to predict visual prognosis in pediatric OGI.

Kaynakça

  • Abbott J, Shah P. The epidemiology and etiology of pediatric ocular trauma. Surv Ophthalmol. 2013;58:476–485.
  • Pizzarello LD. Ocular trauma: time for action. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 1998;5:115–116.
  • Birch EE, Castañeda YS, Cheng-Patel CS, et al. Self-perception of School-aged Children With Amblyopia and Its Association With Reading Speed and Motor Skills. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019;137(2):167-174.
  • Serrano JC, Chalela P, Arias JD. Epidemiology of childhood ocular trauma in a northeastern Colombian region. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121(10):1439-1445.
  • Al-Mahdi HS, Bener A, Hashim SP. Clinical pattern of pediatric ocular trauma in fast developing country. Int Emerg Nurs. 2011;19(4):186-191.
  • Charak R, Ford JD, Modrowski CA, Kerig PK. Polyvictimization, Emotion Dysregulation, Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Behavioral Health Problems among Justice-Involved Youth: a Latent Class Analysis. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2019;47(2):287-298.
  • Gupta A, Rahman I, Leatherbarrow B. Open globe injuries in children: factors predictive of a poor final visual acuity. Eye (Lond). 2009;23(3):621-625.
  • Niiranen M, Raivio I. Eye injuries in children. Br J Ophthalmol. 1981;65(6):436-438.
  • Oiticica-Barbosa MM, Kasahara N. Eye trauma in children and adolescents: Perspectives from a developing country and validation of the ocular trauma score. J Trop Pediatr. 2015;61(4):238-243.
  • Zhu L, Wu Z, Dong F, et al. Two kinds of ocular trauma score for paediatric traumatic cataract in penetrating eye injuries. Injury. 2015;46(9):1828-1833.
  • Kuhn F, Maisiak R, Mann L, Mester V, Morris R, Witherspoon CD. The Ocular Trauma Score (OTS). Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2002;15(2):163-vi.
  • Acar U, Tok OY, Acar DE, Burcu A, Ornek F. A new ocular trauma score in pediatric penetrating eye injuries. Eye (Lond). 2011;25(3):370-374.
  • Hoskin AK, Philip SS, Yardley AM, Mackey DA. Eye Injury Prevention for the Pediatric Population. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2016;5(3):202-211.
  • Lee R, Fredrick D. Pediatric eye injuries due to nonpowder guns in the United States, 2002-2012. J AAPOS. 2015;19(2):163-8.e1.
  • Cao H, Li L, Zhang M, Li H. Epidemiology of pediatric ocular trauma in the Chaoshan Region, China, 2001-2010. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e60844.
  • Xue C, Yang LC, Kong YC. Application of pediatric ocular trauma score in pediatric open globe injuries. Int J Ophthalmol. 2020;13(7):1097-1101.
  • Nelson LB, Wilson TW, Jeffers JB. Eye injuries in childhood: demography, etiology, and prevention. Pediatrics. 1989;84(3):438-441.
  • Lambah P. Some common causes of eye injury in the young. Lancet. 1962;2(7270):1351-1353.
  • Cohen E, Antman G, Katzburg E, et al. A modified pediatric ocular trauma score for predicting visual outcome post open globe injury. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2022. doi:10.1007/s00417-022-05723-5.
  • Oydanich M, Uppuluri A, Zarbin MA, Bhagat N. Epidemiology of Ocular Injuries Related to Toy Guns in Pediatric Patients From 2000 to 2019. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2022;59(3):e29-e31.
  • Öztürk H, Özen B. The clinical features and the factors affecting visual prognosis in pediatric open-globe ınjuries. Int Ophthalmol. 2022. doi:10.1007/s10792-022-02359-6.
  • Yalcin Tök O, Tok L, Eraslan E, Ozkaya D, Ornek F, Bardak Y. Prognostic factors influencing final visual acuity in open globe injuries. J Trauma. 2011;71(6):1794-1800.
  • Schörkhuber MM, Wackernagel W, Riedl R, Schneider MR, Wedrich A. Ocular trauma scores in paediatric open globe injuries. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014;98(5):664-668.
  • Li X, Zarbin MA, Bhagat N. Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literature. J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2015;8(4):216-223.
  • Sharma A, Kaur R, Kumar S, et al. Fibrin glue versus N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate in corneal perforations. Ophthalmology. 2003;110(2):291-298.
  • Brinton GS, Topping TM, Hyndiuk RA, Aaberg TM, Reeser FH, Abrams GW. Posttraumatic endophthalmitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1984;102(4):547-550.
  • Boldt HC, Pulido JS, Blodi CF, Folk JC, Weingeist TA. Rural endophthalmitis. Ophthalmology. 1989;96(12):1722-1726.
  • Affeldt JC, Flynn HW Jr, Forster RK, Mandelbaum S, Clarkson JG, Jarus GD. Microbial endophthalmitis resulting from ocular trauma. Ophthalmology. 1987;94(4):407-413.
  • Karlson TA, Klein BE. The incidence of acute hospital-treated eye injuries. Arch Ophthalmol. 1986;104(10):1473-1476.
  • Peyman GA, Carroll CP, Raichand M. Prevention and management of traumatic endophthalmitis. Ophthalmology. 1980;87(4):320-324.
  • Hamill MB: Management of scleral perforation; in Krachmer JH, Mannis MJ, Holland EJ (eds): Cornea, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2005 pp 1863–1870.
  • Acar U, Tök ÖY, Acar DE, Burcu A, Örnek F. Epidemiological and Clinical Evaluation of Open-Globe Injuries in Childhood. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2010;40:62-66.

Pediatrik Hastalarda Oküler Travmaların Etiyolojik Özellikleri ve Görsel Sonuçları

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 213 - 217, 03.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1150458

Öz

Amaç: Açık glob yaralanması (AGY) nedeni ile acil kliniğimize başvuran, tedavi ve takibi yapılan 60 pediatrik olgunun demografik özelliklerini ve prognozu etkileyen faktörleri araştırmak.
Yöntem: Kliniğimizde 2010-2021 yılları arasında AGY nedeni ile ameliyat edilip, en az bir yıl takip yapılmış olan 16 yaş ve altı 69 olgunun dosya kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Kayıtlardan AGY’nin tipi, oluş nedeni, eşlik eden muayene bulguları, hastaneye başvuru zamanı ile ilk ve son görme keskinlikleri (GK), ek cerrahileri kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Olguların ortalama yaşı 11±5 yıl idi. %17,4’si kız %82,6’sı erkek idi. AGY’nin şekli en sık korneal kesi, en sık etiyolojik nedeni kesici ve delici aletler (%65,1) oluşturmakta idi. Olguların %87 sinde sadece bölge 1, %40,6 sında bölge 2, %13 ünde bölge 3 etkilenmişti. Olguların %37,7 sinde relatif afferent pupil defekti (RAPD) vardı. %5,8’i rüptür, %8,7’si retina dekolmanı, %2,9’u endoftalmi, %4,3’ü perforan yaralanma idi. Olguların başvuru anında %7’sinde GK değerlendirilemezken, %60’ında 0.1 ve daha altında, %25,7’sinde 0.1-0,6. %4,3’ünde ise 0.6’dan daha iyi GK’ya sahipti. Olguların takiplerinde 6. ayda ise %2,9’ unda GK değerlendirilemezken (inop), %11,4’ ünde 0.1 ve daha altında, %25,7’sinde 0.1-0.6 ve %60’ında ise 0.6’dan daha iyi GK’ya sahipti. Oküler travma skoru (OTS) 74±16, pediatrik oküler travma skoru (POTS) 64±19 idi. OTS başlangıçtaki GK ile orta derecede ilişkili (r=0,687, p<0,001), takipteki GK ile orta derecede ilişkili (r=0,611, p<0,001) idi. Pediatrik oküler travma skorunun korelasyon değerleri ise daha düşük bulundu (başlangıç GK ile r=0,574, p<0,001).
Sonuç: Pediatrik AGY’de görsel prognozu tahmin edebilmek için RAPD değerlendirilemediğinde bile OTS güvenilir bir araçtır.

Kaynakça

  • Abbott J, Shah P. The epidemiology and etiology of pediatric ocular trauma. Surv Ophthalmol. 2013;58:476–485.
  • Pizzarello LD. Ocular trauma: time for action. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 1998;5:115–116.
  • Birch EE, Castañeda YS, Cheng-Patel CS, et al. Self-perception of School-aged Children With Amblyopia and Its Association With Reading Speed and Motor Skills. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019;137(2):167-174.
  • Serrano JC, Chalela P, Arias JD. Epidemiology of childhood ocular trauma in a northeastern Colombian region. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121(10):1439-1445.
  • Al-Mahdi HS, Bener A, Hashim SP. Clinical pattern of pediatric ocular trauma in fast developing country. Int Emerg Nurs. 2011;19(4):186-191.
  • Charak R, Ford JD, Modrowski CA, Kerig PK. Polyvictimization, Emotion Dysregulation, Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Behavioral Health Problems among Justice-Involved Youth: a Latent Class Analysis. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2019;47(2):287-298.
  • Gupta A, Rahman I, Leatherbarrow B. Open globe injuries in children: factors predictive of a poor final visual acuity. Eye (Lond). 2009;23(3):621-625.
  • Niiranen M, Raivio I. Eye injuries in children. Br J Ophthalmol. 1981;65(6):436-438.
  • Oiticica-Barbosa MM, Kasahara N. Eye trauma in children and adolescents: Perspectives from a developing country and validation of the ocular trauma score. J Trop Pediatr. 2015;61(4):238-243.
  • Zhu L, Wu Z, Dong F, et al. Two kinds of ocular trauma score for paediatric traumatic cataract in penetrating eye injuries. Injury. 2015;46(9):1828-1833.
  • Kuhn F, Maisiak R, Mann L, Mester V, Morris R, Witherspoon CD. The Ocular Trauma Score (OTS). Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2002;15(2):163-vi.
  • Acar U, Tok OY, Acar DE, Burcu A, Ornek F. A new ocular trauma score in pediatric penetrating eye injuries. Eye (Lond). 2011;25(3):370-374.
  • Hoskin AK, Philip SS, Yardley AM, Mackey DA. Eye Injury Prevention for the Pediatric Population. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2016;5(3):202-211.
  • Lee R, Fredrick D. Pediatric eye injuries due to nonpowder guns in the United States, 2002-2012. J AAPOS. 2015;19(2):163-8.e1.
  • Cao H, Li L, Zhang M, Li H. Epidemiology of pediatric ocular trauma in the Chaoshan Region, China, 2001-2010. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e60844.
  • Xue C, Yang LC, Kong YC. Application of pediatric ocular trauma score in pediatric open globe injuries. Int J Ophthalmol. 2020;13(7):1097-1101.
  • Nelson LB, Wilson TW, Jeffers JB. Eye injuries in childhood: demography, etiology, and prevention. Pediatrics. 1989;84(3):438-441.
  • Lambah P. Some common causes of eye injury in the young. Lancet. 1962;2(7270):1351-1353.
  • Cohen E, Antman G, Katzburg E, et al. A modified pediatric ocular trauma score for predicting visual outcome post open globe injury. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2022. doi:10.1007/s00417-022-05723-5.
  • Oydanich M, Uppuluri A, Zarbin MA, Bhagat N. Epidemiology of Ocular Injuries Related to Toy Guns in Pediatric Patients From 2000 to 2019. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2022;59(3):e29-e31.
  • Öztürk H, Özen B. The clinical features and the factors affecting visual prognosis in pediatric open-globe ınjuries. Int Ophthalmol. 2022. doi:10.1007/s10792-022-02359-6.
  • Yalcin Tök O, Tok L, Eraslan E, Ozkaya D, Ornek F, Bardak Y. Prognostic factors influencing final visual acuity in open globe injuries. J Trauma. 2011;71(6):1794-1800.
  • Schörkhuber MM, Wackernagel W, Riedl R, Schneider MR, Wedrich A. Ocular trauma scores in paediatric open globe injuries. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014;98(5):664-668.
  • Li X, Zarbin MA, Bhagat N. Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literature. J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2015;8(4):216-223.
  • Sharma A, Kaur R, Kumar S, et al. Fibrin glue versus N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate in corneal perforations. Ophthalmology. 2003;110(2):291-298.
  • Brinton GS, Topping TM, Hyndiuk RA, Aaberg TM, Reeser FH, Abrams GW. Posttraumatic endophthalmitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1984;102(4):547-550.
  • Boldt HC, Pulido JS, Blodi CF, Folk JC, Weingeist TA. Rural endophthalmitis. Ophthalmology. 1989;96(12):1722-1726.
  • Affeldt JC, Flynn HW Jr, Forster RK, Mandelbaum S, Clarkson JG, Jarus GD. Microbial endophthalmitis resulting from ocular trauma. Ophthalmology. 1987;94(4):407-413.
  • Karlson TA, Klein BE. The incidence of acute hospital-treated eye injuries. Arch Ophthalmol. 1986;104(10):1473-1476.
  • Peyman GA, Carroll CP, Raichand M. Prevention and management of traumatic endophthalmitis. Ophthalmology. 1980;87(4):320-324.
  • Hamill MB: Management of scleral perforation; in Krachmer JH, Mannis MJ, Holland EJ (eds): Cornea, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2005 pp 1863–1870.
  • Acar U, Tök ÖY, Acar DE, Burcu A, Örnek F. Epidemiological and Clinical Evaluation of Open-Globe Injuries in Childhood. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2010;40:62-66.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Göz Hastalıkları
Bölüm Özgün Araştırma / Tıp Bilimleri
Yazarlar

Dilara Pirhan 0000-0003-0449-4936

Sevgi Subasi 0000-0002-1099-9626

Kubra Demirci Kucuk 0000-0003-1135-5635

Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Ekim 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Ağustos 2022
Kabul Tarihi 9 Ağustos 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Pirhan, D., Subasi, S., & Demirci Kucuk, K. (2022). Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(3), 213-217. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1150458
AMA Pirhan D, Subasi S, Demirci Kucuk K. Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients. KOU Sag Bil Derg. Ekim 2022;8(3):213-217. doi:10.30934/kusbed.1150458
Chicago Pirhan, Dilara, Sevgi Subasi, ve Kubra Demirci Kucuk. “Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 8, sy. 3 (Ekim 2022): 213-17. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1150458.
EndNote Pirhan D, Subasi S, Demirci Kucuk K (01 Ekim 2022) Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 8 3 213–217.
IEEE D. Pirhan, S. Subasi, ve K. Demirci Kucuk, “Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients”, KOU Sag Bil Derg, c. 8, sy. 3, ss. 213–217, 2022, doi: 10.30934/kusbed.1150458.
ISNAD Pirhan, Dilara vd. “Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 8/3 (Ekim 2022), 213-217. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1150458.
JAMA Pirhan D, Subasi S, Demirci Kucuk K. Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2022;8:213–217.
MLA Pirhan, Dilara vd. “Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 8, sy. 3, 2022, ss. 213-7, doi:10.30934/kusbed.1150458.
Vancouver Pirhan D, Subasi S, Demirci Kucuk K. Etiological Findings and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2022;8(3):213-7.