YETİŞKİNLERDE COVID-19 ÖNCESİ SOLUNUM YOLU VİRAL ETKENLERİN EPİDEMİYOLOJİSİ VE MEVSİMSEL DAĞILIMI

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisi öncesi hastanemizde yatırılarak takip edilen hastalarda solunum yolu virüslerinin klinik ve epidemiyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada Ocak 2017-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında hastanemize solunum yolu enfeksiyonu bulguları ile başvuran, 18 yaş üzerindeki 193 hastanın kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Hastalardan alınan nazofarengeal sürüntü örneklerinde viral patojenlerden en sık influenza A/B virüs (n=143, %74.1), ikinci sıklıkta respiratuvar sinsisyal virüs (n=22, %11.4) ve üçüncü sıklıkta koronavirüs (n=9, %4.7) saptandı. Mevsimsel dağılımları incelendiğinde viral etkenlerin en sık kış aylarında saptandığı gözlendi. Hastaların hastaneye başvuru belirtileri arasında en sık gözlenenler boğaz ağrısı, miyalji, baş ağrısı ve halsizlik idi. Viral etkenler arasında servis yatış süreleri açısından anlamlı fark saptanmayıp (p=0.056), yoğun bakım gereksiniminin influenza dışı etkenlerde daha sık (p<0.001) olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın çeşitlilik gösteren solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarında virüslerin hızlı ve duyarlı tanısı ile hastalarda antibiyotiklerin gereksiz kullanımını azaltma konusunda ve virüslerin mevsimsel dağılımı nedeniyle doğru testin uygun zaman dilimi aralıklarında kullanılması konusunda yardımcı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Solunum yolu enfeksiyonları
• solunum yolu virüsleri
• mevsimler

Epidemiology and Seasonal Distribution of Respiratory Viral Agents in the Pre-COVID-19 Period in Adults

Öz

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory tract viruses in hospitalized and followed-up patients in our hospital before the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: The records of 193 patients aged over 18 years, who admitted to our hospital with respiratory tract infection findings between January 2017 and December 2019, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: In the nasopharyngeal swab samples taken from the patients, influenza A/B virus (n=143, 74.1%) was the most common viral pathogen, respiratory syncytial virus was the second most common (n=22, 11.4%) and coronavirus was the third most common (n=9, 4.7%) was detected. When their seasonal distributions were examined, it was observed that viral agents were most frequently detected in winter months. The most common symptoms at admission to hospital were sore throat, myalgia, headache, and fatigue. There was no significant difference between the lengths of hospitalization for viral agents (p=0.056), and the need for intensive care was found to be more frequent in non-influenza agents (p<0.001). Conclusion: We think that our study will help in reducing the use of unnecessary antibiotics in patients with rapid and sensitive diagnosis of viruses in various respiratory tract infections, and in using the right test at appropriate time intervals due to seasonal distribution of viruses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Respiratory tract infections
• respiratory system viruses
• seasons

Kaynakça

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