CHAT GPT VS. RHEUMATOLOGISTS: DO WE STILL NEED THE CLINICIAN?

Öz

Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) encompasses systems designed to perform tasks that require human cognitive abilities, such as reasoning, decision-making, and problem-solving. Open AI’s Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT) model family, including ChatGPT, is widely recognized for its ability to generate human-like text and facilitate interactive discussions. ChatGPT has potential applications in diagnosis assistance and medical education in healthcare, yet its adoption raises concerns. Our study aims to evaluate ChatGPT’s diagnostic performance in identifying autoinflammatory diseases compared to clinicians, exploring its potential as an accessible tool for physicians and patients. Material and Methods: We evaluated the diagnostic performance of a publicly accessible AI model against two clinicians for identifying familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis syndrome (PFAPA). Clinical data from 50 patients were presented anonymously in structured format to both the AI model and the clinicians. Diagnoses were compared to confirmed clinical diagnoses. Results: A total of 50 patients were included in the study. The AI model suggested a rheumatologic diagnosis in 94% of cases but correctly diagnosed only 50% of them. In comparison, clinicians made accurate diagnoses in 76% and 70% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: The development of AI has attracted significant attention in healthcare, as it has in other fields. However, AIgenerated data may be incorrect, highlighting the importance of expert supervision. AI should complement, not replace physicians, enhancing their capabilities. Future research should evaluate AI performance across different fields and its impact on decision-making to ensure reliable use through standardized guidelines.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial intelligence
• autoinflammatory diseases
• rheumatology.

ChatGPT ile Romatologların Karşılaştırılması: Hala Klinisyene İhtiyaç Var mı?

Öz

Amaç: Yapay zeka (YZ), insanın bilişsel yeteneklerini gerektiren görevleri yerine getirmek üzere tasarlanmış sistemleri ifade eder; bu görevler arasında akıl yürütme, karar verme ve problem çözme yer alır. OpenAI’nın Generatif Önceden Eğitilmiş Dönüştürücü (GPT) model ailesi, ChatGPT dahil, insan benzeri metin üretme ve etkileşimli tartışmalar yapabilme yeteneği ile geniş çapta tanınmaktadır. ChatGPT, tanı desteği ve tıbbi eğitimde sağlık alanında potansiyel uygulamalara sahipken, bu teknolojinin benimsenmesi bazı endişeleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ChatGPT’nin, otoinflamatuar hastalıkları tanımlama konusundaki tanısal performansını, klinisyenlerle karşılaştırarak değerlendirmek ve bunu hekimler ve hastalar için erişilebilir bir araç olarak incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Aşağıda belirtilen hastalıkların tanısını koymada bir yapay zekâ modelinin, iki klinisyenle karşılaştırılan tanısal performansı değerlendirilmiştir: Ailevi Akdeniz ateşi (AAA) ve periyodik ateş, aftöz stomatit, farenjit ve adenit sendromu (PFAPA). 50 hastanın klinik verileri anonim olarak yapılandırılmış bir formatta hem yapay zekâ modeline hem de klinisyenlere sunulmuştur. Tanılar, doğrulanmış klinik tanılarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 50 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Yapay zeka modeli, vakaların %94’ünde romatolojik bir tanı önermiş, ancak bunların yalnızca %50’sini doğru bir şekilde teşhis etmiştir. Buna karşılık, klinisyenler sırasıyla %76 ve %70 oranında doğru tanı koymuştur. Sonuç: Yapay zeka teknolojisinin gelişimi, sağlık hizmetleri dahil olmak üzere birçok alanda büyük ilgi uyandırmıştır. Ancak, yapay zeka ile üretilen veriler hatalı olabilir, bu da uzman denetiminin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Yapay zeka, hekimleri ikame etmek yerine tamamlayıcı bir araç olarak kullanılmalı ve hekimlerin yeteneklerini artırmalıdır. Gelecekteki araştırmalar, yapay zekânın farklı alanlardaki performansını ve karar verme süreçlerine etkisini değerlendirerek, standartlaştırılmış kılavuzlarla güvenilir kullanımını sağlamayı hedeflemelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yapay zeka
• otoinflamatuar hastalıklar
• romatoloji.

Kaynakça

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