Cinsel Eğitimin Ergenlerin Cinsel Davranış ve Tutumları Üzerindeki Etkisi: Sistematik Literatür Derlemesi

Öz

Cinsel eğitim, ergenlerin sağlıklı cinsel gelişimlerini ve sorumlu karar verme süreçlerini destekleyen doğru bilgi, beceri ve tutumlarla donatılmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Küresel düzeyde öneminin giderek daha fazla kabul edilmesine rağmen, ergenler arasında riskli cinsel davranışlar hâlâ önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu olarak varlığını sürdürmektedir. Bu sistematik literatür incelemesi, cinsel eğitimin ergenlerin cinsel tutumları ve davranışları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. 1980–2023 yılları arasında yayımlanan çalışmalar için APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE ve CINAHL Plus with Full Text veri tabanlarında kapsamlı bir tarama yapılmıştır. Arama terimleri “cinsel eğitim”, “ergenler”, “cinsel tutumlar” ve “cinsel davranış” ifadelerinin çeşitli kombinasyonlarını içermiştir. Önceden belirlenmiş dâhil etme ve dışlama kriterlerine göre gerçekleştirilen tarama sürecinin ardından, 12 çalışma incelemeye dâhil edilmiştir. Bulgular, cinsel eğitimin genel olarak ergenlerin cinsel konulara ilişkin bilgi düzeyini artırdığını, özellikle üreme sağlığı, cinsel yolla bulaşan enfeksiyonlar ve doğum kontrol yöntemleri konularında bilgi kazandırdığını göstermektedir. Bazı çalışmalar, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği konusunda farkındalığın artması, cinsel ilişkinin daha geç yaşta başlaması ve daha sorumlu karar verme gibi cinsel tutumlarda olumlu değişiklikler olduğunu bildirmiştir. Bu derleme, kapsamlı ve bağlama duyarlı cinsel eğitim programlarının önemini vurgulamakta ve ergenlerin cinsel sağlık sonuçları üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkileri daha iyi anlamak için güçlü metodolojik tasarımlarla yürütülecek daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psikoloji
• cinsel eğitim
• ergenler
• cinsel davranış
• halk sağlığı

Etik Beyan

An official statement from Kırıkkale University indicates that ethical approval is not required for this study, as it is a systematic review and does not involve direct human participation.

THE INFLUENCE OF SEX EDUCATION ON THE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AND ATTITUDES OF ADOLESCENTS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Öz

Sex education plays a crucial role in equipping adolescents with accurate knowledge, skills, and attitudes that support healthy sexual development and responsible decision-making. Despite increasing global recognition of its importance, risky sexual behaviours among adolescents remain a public health concern. This systematic literature review examines the influence of sex education on adolescents’ sexual attitudes and behaviours. A comprehensive search was conducted in APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, and CINAHL Plus with Full Text for studies published between 1980 and 2023. Search terms included combinations of “sex education,” “adolescents,” “sexual attitudes,” and “sexual behaviour.” Following the screening process based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 empirical studies involving adolescents were reviewed. The findings indicate that sex education generally improves adolescents’ sexual knowledge, particularly regarding reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections and contraception. Several studies reported positive changes in sexual attitudes, including increased awareness of gender equity, delayed sexual initiation, and more responsible decision-making. Differences in program content, methodology, demographic characteristics, and cultural contexts may explain variations of the results. The review highlights the importance of comprehensive, context-sensitive sex education programs and underscores the need for further research using robust methodological designs to better understand their long-term impact on adolescent sexual health outcomes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psychology
• sex education
• adolescents
• sexual behaviour
• public health

Etik Beyan

An official statement from Kırıkkale University indicates that ethical approval is not required for this study, as it is a systematic review and does not involve direct human participation.

Kaynakça

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