Kedilerde Eozinofilik/Proliferatif Keratitis: (2016-2021) Retrospektif Çalışma

Öz

2016 ve 2021 yılları arasında teşhis edilen 35 eozinofilik keratitisli kedi (FEK) vakasının (44 göz) tıbbi kayıtları gözden geçirildi. FEK tanısı konulan olguların ortalama sunum yaşı 4,12 yıldı (3ay-13 yıl). Domestik shorthair, kedilerin (24/35) %68.57’ni oluşturan baskın cinsti. Durum, vakaların %74,28’sinde tek taraflıydı ve en sık etkilenen pozisyon korneanın superotemporal kadranıydı (gözlerin %75’i). Kornea ve konjunktivanın sitolojik incelemesi, FEK tanısını doğrulayan çok sayıda eozinofil, plazma ve mast hücresi karışımı gösterdi. Eozinofiller, korneal ve konjonktival kazımaların %.86.36'sında bulundu. 12/35 kedi için kedi herpes virüsü tip 1 (FHV-1) için polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) gerçekleştirdik. Bu kedilerin %20'sinde viral DNA tespit edildi. Kediler subkonjunktival kortikosteroid, topikal bir antibiyotik-kortikosteroid kombinasyonu, suni göz yaşı damlası ve gansiklovir içeren antiviral jel ile tedavi edildi. İlk muayene edildikten 1-2 hafta sonra klinik belirtiler dikkate değer bir şekilde iyileşti. Kontrollü ve düzenli topikal kortikosteroid kullanımı lezyonu kontrol altına aldı ve en az 6ay boyunca hastalığı nüks etmeden çözdü.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• eozinofilik
• kedi
• keratit
• proliferatif
• steroidler

Feline Eosinophilic/Proliferative Keratitis: A Retrospective Study (2016-2021)

Öz

The medical records of 35 cats (44 eyes) with feline eosinophilic keratitis (FEK) diagnosed between 2016 and 2021 were reviewed. The mean age at the presentation of cases diagnosed with FEK was 4.12 years (3 months-13 years). Domestic shorthair was the dominant breed, accounting for 68.57% of cats (24/35). FEK was unilateral in 74.28% of the cases, and the most frequently affected position was the superotemporal quadrant of the cornea (75% of the eyes). The cytological examination of the cornea and conjunctiva showed a mixture of multiple eosinophils, plasma, and mast cells, confirming the diagnosis of FEK. Eosinophils were found in 86.36% of the corneal and conjunctival scrapings. We performed the polymerase chain reaction test for feline herpes virus type 1 in 12/35 cats. Viral DNA was detected in 20% of these cats. The cats were treated with a subconjunctival corticosteroid, a topical antibiotic-corticosteroid combination, artificial tear drops, and antiviral gel containing ganciclovir. At one to two weeks after the initial examination, the clinical signs markedly improved. The controlled and regular use of topical corticosteroids brought the lesions under control and resolved FEK without recurrence at least for six months.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• eosinophilic
• feline
• keratitis
• proliferative
• steroids

Kaynakça

1. REFERENCES Ahn JT, Jeong MB, Kim SE, Park YW, Kim TH, Ahn JS, Seo KM. A Case of Feline Proliferative Eosinophilic Keratitis Treated by Topical Cyclosporine and Corticosteroids. Journal of Veterinary Clinics. 2010; 27(6): 751-754.
2. Chisholm WH. Feline eosinophilic keratitis. The Canadian Veterinary Journa. 1989; 30(5): 438.
3. Dean E, Meunier V. Feline eosinophilic keratoconjunctivitis: a retrospective study of 45 cases (56 eyes). Journal of feline medicine and surgery. 2013; 15(8): 661-666.
4. Edwards S, Clode AB, Gilger BC. Equine eosinophilic keratitis in horses: 28 cases (2003–2013). Clinical case reports 2015; 3(12): 1000.
5. Hodges A. Eosinophilic keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis in a 7-year-old domestic shorthaired cat. The Canadian Veterinary Journal. 2005; 46(11): 1034.
6. Lucyshyn DR, Good KL, Knickelbein KE, Chang MW, Strøm AR, Hollingsworth SR, Maggs DJ. Subcutaneous administration of triamcinolone as part of the management of feline eosinophilic keratoconjunctivitis. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2021; 23(6): 575-583.
7. Morgan RV. Feline Eosinophilic Keratitis. http://www.saintfrancis.org › wp-content › uploads
8. Morgan RV, Abrams KL, Kern TJ. Feline eosinophilic keratitis: A retrospective study of 54 cases. Vet Comp Ophthalmol. 1996; 6: 131-134.

9. Nasisse MP, Glover TL, Moore CP. Detection of feline herpesvirus 1 DNA in corneas of cats with eosinophilic keratitis or corneal sequestration. Am J Vet Res. 1998; 59: 856–858
10. Paulsen ME, Lavach JD, Severin GA, Eichenbaum JD. Feline eosinophilic keratitis: A review of 15 clinical cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1987; 23: 63-69
11. Raczyńska K, Iwaszkiewicz-Bilikiewicz B, Stozkowska W, Sadlak-Nowicka J. Clinical evaluation of provitamin B5 drops and gel for postoperative treatment of corneal and conjuctival injuries. Klinika oczna. 2003; 105(3-4): 175-178.
12. Romaneck AK, Sebbag L. Case Report: Clinical Remission in a Cat With Severe Bilateral Eosinophilic Keratitis Receiving Combined Immunosuppressive Therapy (Triamcinolone Acetonide and Tacrolimus). Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2021; 8: 401
13. Sancak İG, Eser Özgencil F, Arda Sancak A. Kedide eozinofilik keratitis. Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi. 2011; 82(2): 3-6.
14. Spiess AK, Sapienza JS, Mayordomo A. Treatment of proliferative feline eosinophilic keratitis with topical 1.5% cyclosporine: 35 cases. Veterinary ophthalmology. 2009; 12(2): 132-137.
15. Stiles J, Coster M. Use of an ophthalmic formulation of megestrol acetate for the treatment of eosinophilic keratitis in cats. Veterinary Ophthalmology. 2016; 19: 86–90. doi:10.1111/vop.12371