Hemoplazmozlu Kedilerde Bazı Kan Gaz, Hemogram ve Biyokimyasal Parametrelerin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, , 401 - 411, 31.12.2022

Merve İder , Murat Kaan Durgut , Süleyman Serhat İyigün , Ceylan Ceylan , Merve Cansu Kılıçkaya

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.1144267

Öz

Sunulan çalışmanın amacı, hemoplazmozlu kedilerde bazı kan gazı, hemogram ve biyokimyasal parametrelerin değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmaya on sağlıklı ve on beş hemoplazmozlu kedi dahil edildi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm kedilerden antikoagülanlı ve antikoagülansız tüplere bir kez 7 mL kan alındı. Kan örneklerinden kan gazı, tam kan sayımı ve biyokimyasal analizler yapıldı. Hemoplazmozlu kedilerin pH, HCO3 ve BE düzeyleri sağlıklı kedilere göre anlamlı olarak düşük iken, laktat düzeyleri yüksekti (p< 0.05). WBC, Mon, Gra ve RDW seviyeleri sağlıklı kedilere göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunurken, RBC, Hct, Hb ve PLT seviyeleri düşük bulundu (p< 0.05). AST, T.Bil, D.Bil, P, TG, LDH, TP ve CK düzeyleri sağlıklı bireylere göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunurken, Alb ve Ca düzeyleri ile A:G oranı düşük bulundu (p< 0.05). Sonuç olarak hemoplazmozlu kedilerde metabolik asidoz, hiperlaktatemi, anemi, hipertrigliseridemi, hipoalbuminemi, hiperbilirubinemi geliştiği tespit edildi. Ayrıca hemoplazmozlu kedilerin tanısında düşük A:G oranının dikkate alınması ve diğer tanısal test sonuçları ile birlikte değerlendirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

A:G oranı, biyokimyasal parametreler, hemoplazmozis, kan gazları, tam kan sayımı

Evaluation of Some Blood Gas, Hemogram and Biochemical Parameters in Cats with Hemoplasmosis

Öz

The aim of this study was to evaluate some blood gases, hemogram, and biochemical parameters in cats with hemoplasmosis. Ten healthy and fifteen infected cats were enrolled in the study. 7 mL of blood sample was taken once from all cats into tubes with and without anticoagulant. Blood gases, complete blood count, and biochemical analyzes were performed from blood samples. While pH, HCO3 and BE levels of cats with hemoplasmosis were significantly lower than healthy cats, lactate levels were higher (p< 0.05). WBC, Mon, Gra, and RDW levels were found to be significantly higher than in healthy cats, while RBC, Hct, Hb, and PLT levels were found to be lower (p< 0.05). AST, T.Bil, D.Bil, P, TG, LDH, TP, and CK levels were significantly higher than healthy, while Alb and Ca levels and A:G ratio were found to be low (p< 0.05). As a result, it was determined that metabolic acidosis, hyperlactatemia, anemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperbilirubinemia developed in cats with hemoplasmosis. In addition, it can be concluded that the A:G ratio should be considered in the diagnosis of infected cats and it should be evaluated together with other diagnostic test results.

Anahtar Kelimeler

A:G ratio, Biochemical parameters, Blood gas, Complete blood count, Hemoplasmosis

Kaynakça

• Addie D, Belák S, Boucraut-Baralon C, Egberink H, Frymus T, Gruffydd-Jones T, Hartmann K, Hosie MJ, Lloret A, Lutz H, Marsilio F. Feline infectious peritonitis. ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. Journal of Feline Medicine & Surgery. 2009; 11(7):594-604.
• Akkan HA, Karaca M, Tütüncü M, Özdal N, Yüksek N, Ağaoğlu Z, Değer S. Haemobartonellosis in Van cats. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences. 2005; 29(3):709-12.
• Alan E, Bilgin Z, Koenhemsi L. Mycoplasma spp. ile Enfekte Kedilerde Trombosit Sayısı ve Trombosit İndekslerinin İncelenmesi. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022; 19(1):43-8.
• Aslan Ö. Hemotropic mycoplasmas: From Haemobartonella to Mycoplasma. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques. 2016; (1):31-40.
• Aslan Ö, İça A, Çam Y, Kibar M. Kayseri'de bir kedide Haemobartonellozis olgusu. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 2010;7(2):131-5.
• Bouyou-Akotet MK, Mawili MD, Guiyedi V, Pemba MM, Maryvonne KM. Altered total cholesterol and triglyceride levels during the course of Plasmodium falciparum infection in children. Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology. 2014; 30;6(11):174-80.
• Carney HC, England JJ. Feline hemobartonellosis. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice. 1993;23(1):79-90.
• Dabadghao VS, Singh VB, Sharma D, Meena BL. A study of serum lactate level in malaria and its correlation with severity of disease. International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research. 2015;2(1):28.
• English M, Sauerwein R, Waruiru C, Mosobo M, Obiero J, Lowe B, Marsh K. Acidosis in severe childhood malaria. QJM: monthly journal of the Association of Physicians. 1997;90(4):263-70.
• Evans R, Gruffydd‐Jones T. Anaemia in cats. In Practice. 1984;6(6):168-77.
• Fathi EA, Atyabi N, Sharifi YH, Nasiri SM. Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in cats referring to Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Tehran (2006-2007).
• Garba IH, Ubom GA. Total serum lactate dehydrogenase activity in acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection. Singapore medical journal. 2005 Nov 1;46(11):632.
• Harvey JW. Haemobartonellosis, In: Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. Ed CE Greene, WB.Saunders, Philadelphia, USA. 1998; pp 166-171.
• Hirschberger J, Hartmann K, Wilhelm N, et al. Clinical symptoms and diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis. Tierarztl Prax. 1995; 23: 92–99.
• Klein R, Nagy O, Tóthová C, Chovanová F. Clinical and diagnostic significance of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in animals. Veterinary medicine international. 2020;15;2020.
• Kristjansson RP, Oddsson A, Helgason H, Sveinbjornsson G, Arnadottir GA, Jensson BO, Jonasdottir A, Jonasdottir A, Bragi Walters G, Sulem G, Oskarsdottir A. Common and rare variants associating with serum levels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. Nature communications. 2016;7(1):1-8.
• Kurtdede AR, Ural K. Haemobartonellosis of cats in Ankara, Turkey. Acta Veterinaria Brno. 2004;73(4):507-12.
• Martin, Linda G, Ashley E. Allen-Durrance, Chapter 53 - Magnesium and Phosphate Disorders, Editor(s): Deborah C. Silverstein, Kate Hopper, Small Animal Critical Care Medicine (Second Edition), W.B. Saunders, 2015; pp. 281-288,
• Mehta M, Sonawat HM, Sharma S. Malaria parasite-infected erythrocytes inhibit glucose utilization in uninfected red cells. FEBS letters. 2005;579(27):6151-8.
• Messick JB, Harvey JW. Hemotropic mycoplasmosis (hemobartonellosis). Infectious diseases of the dog and cat. 2012;4:310-9.
• Paltrinieri S, Comazzi S, Spagnolo V, Giordano A. Laboratory changes consistent with feline infectious peritonitis in cats from multicat environments. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A. 2002 Dec;49(10):503-10.
• Pedersen NC. A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection: 1963–2008. Journal of feline medicine and surgery. 2009;11(4):225-58.
• Pedersen NC. A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection: 1963–2008. Journal of feline medicine and surgery. 2009;11(4):225-58.
• Riemer F, Kuehner KA, Ritz S, Sauter-Louis C, Hartmann K. Clinical and laboratory features of cats with feline infectious peritonitis–a retrospective study of 231 confirmed cases (2000–2010). Journal of feline medicine and surgery. 2016;18(4):348-56.
• Saqib M, Abbas G, Khan I, Mughal MN, Sial AU, Ijaz M, Avais M. Hemato-Biochemical Analysis and Treatment Response to Enrofloxacin in Cats Affected with Feline Hemotropic Mycoplasma. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 2016;48(5).
• Senthil N, Nagarajan K, Padmanath K, Subapriya S, Vairamuthu S, Tilagar MB, Thirunavukkarasu PS. A rare case study on feline mycoplasmosis. Int J Adv Vet Sci Technol. 2014;3(1):106-8.
• Sharp CR, Kerl ME, Mann FA. A comparison of total calcium, corrected calcium, and ionized calcium concentrations as indicators of calcium homeostasis among hypoalbuminemic dogs requiring intensive care. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care. 2009;19(6):571-8.
• Sykes JE, Tasker S, 2013. Haemoplasma infections. In: Sykes JE (Ed.) Canine and Feline Infectious Diseases. St Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier, 2014, pp 390–398.
• Sykes JE. Feline hemotropic mycoplasmas. Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care. 2010;20(1):62-9.
• Şaki CE, Özer E. Haemobartonellosis. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi. 2011;25(1):49-52.
• Tasker S. Current concepts in feline haemobartonellosis. In Practice. 2006;28(3):136-41.
• Tasker S, Hofmann-Lehmann R, Belák S, Frymus T, Addie DD, Pennisi MG, Boucraut-Baralon C, Egberink H, Hartmann K, Hosie MJ, Lloret A. Haemoplasmosis in cats: European guidelines from the ABCD on prevention and management. Journal of feline medicine and surgery. 2018;20(3):256-61.
• Terlizzi RD. Hemolysis. Clinical Veterinary Advisor The Horse, Editor(s): David A. Wilson, W.B. Saunders,2012; pp. 939.
• Vander Jagt DL, Hunsaker LA, Campos NM, Baack BR. D-lactate production in erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum. Molecular and biochemical parasitology. 1990;42(2):277-84.
• Visser BJ, Wieten RW, Nagel IM, Grobusch MP. Serum lipids and lipoproteins in malaria-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Malaria journal. 2013;12(1):1-6.
• Wallimann T, Wyss M, Brdiczka D, Nicolay K, Eppenberger HM. Intracellular compartmentation, structure and function of creatine kinase isoenzymes in tissues with high and fluctuating energy demands: the'phosphocreatine circuit'for cellular energy homeostasis. Biochemical Journal. 1992;281:21.
• Weingart C, Kohn B. Haemotropic mycoplasmosis in cats: current aspects regarding prevalence, clinical signs, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. Kleintierpraxis. 2015;60(11):590-600.
• Willi B, Boretti FS, Meli ML, Bernasconi MV, Casati S, Hegglin D, Puorger M, Neimark H, Cattori V, Wengi N, Reusch CE. Real-time PCR investigation of potential vectors, reservoirs, and shedding patterns of feline hemotropic mycoplasmas. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2007 Jun 15;73(12):3798-802.
• Willi B, Tasker S, Boretti FS, Doherr MG, Cattori V, Meli ML, Lobetti RG, Malik R, Reusch CE, Lutz H, Hofmann-Lehmann R. Phylogenetic analysis of “Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis” isolates from pet cats in the United Kingdom, Australia, and South Africa, with analysis of risk factors for infection. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2006;44(12):4430-5.
• Woods JE, Brewer MM, Hawley JR, Wisnewski N, Lappin MR. Evaluation of experimental transmission of Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum and Mycoplasma haemofelis by Ctenocephalides felis to cats. American journal of veterinary research. 2005;66(6):1008-12.
• Wright IG, McKenna RV, Goodger BV. AcuteBabesia bovis infections: Plasma creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine levels and associated muscle damage. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde. 1981;64(3):297-302.