Investigation of Ochratoxin A Level in Feed Used in Bovine Feeding in Ardahan Province

Abstract

This study's objective is to determine the quantity of Ochratoxin A (OTA) in the feed given to cattle in the Ardahan region. The research was carried out on 30 randomly selected bovine farms in the Ardahan region. Cattle farms were visited in February, March, and April 2023. Thirty samples (10 meadow grass, 10 hay and 10 crushed barley) were collected each month, one sample from each farm visited. In all, 90 feed samples were examined for OTA within the three-month period. The amount of OTA in feed samples was determined by using an ELISA kit. The study did not detect OTA in the meadow grass, hay and crushed barley collected in February. In hay samples, 0.19 µg/kg was detected in March, 0.21 µg/kg in April, and in crushed barley 0.20 µg/kg in March and 0.21 µg/kg OTA in April. In this study, the highest amount of OTA was determined in meadow grass (0.28 µg/kg) collected in April. The difference between the average OTA amounts detected in meadow grass in March and April was statistically significant (p<0.05). It was seen that the amount of OTA detected in the meadow grass, hay and crushed barley was below the maximum limit (5.0 µg/kg) set by the Turkish Food Codex Contaminants Regulation. In this study, it was concluded that meadow grass, hay, and crushed barley given to cattle in February, March, and April in Ardahan region contain ochratoxin A at a level that does not pose a risk to animal and human health.

Keywords

• Ardahan
• Cattle
• Feed
• Ochratoxin A
• Mycotoxin

Ardahan Yöresinde Sığır Beslenmesinde Kullanılan Yemlerde Okratoksin A Düzeyinin Araştırılması

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı Ardahan yöresinde sığırlara verilen yemlerde Okratoksin A (OTA) miktarını belirlemektir. Araştırma Ardahan yöresinden rastgele seçilen 30 sığır işletmesinde yürütüldü. Sığır işletmeleri 2023 yılı Şubat, Mart ve Nisan aylarında ziyaret edildi. Her ziyaret edilen işletmeden bir numune olmak üzere her ay 30 numune (10 adet çayır otu, 10 adet saman ve 10 adet arpa kırması) toplandı. Üç aylık dönemde toplam 90 yem örnekleri OTA yönünden incelendi. Yem örneklerinde OTA miktarının belirlenmesinde ELİSA kiti kullanıldı. Araştırmada Şubat ayında toplanan çayır otu, saman ve arpa kırmasında OTA tespit edilmedi. Saman örneklerinde Mart ayında 0,19 µg/kg, Nisan ayında 0,21 µg/kg, arpa kırmasında ise Mart ayında 0,20 µg/kg, Nisan ayında 0,21 µg/kg OTA tespit edildi. Bu araştırmada en yüksek OTA miktarı Nisan ayında toplanan çayır otunda (0,28 µg/kg) belirlendi. Mart ve Nisan ayında çayır otunda tespit edilen ortalama OTA miktarları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (p<0,05) bulundu. Çayır otu, saman ve arpa kırmasında tespit edilen OTA miktarı Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bulaşanlar Yönetmeliğinin belirlediği maksimum limitin (5,0 µg/kg) altında olduğu görüldü. Bu araştırmada Ardahan yöresinde Şubat, Mart ve Nisan ayında sığırlara verilen çayır otu, saman ve arpa kırmasının hayvan ve insan sağlığı için risk oluşturmayacak düzeyde okratoksin A içerdiği sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ardahan
• Okratoksin A
• Sığır
• Yem
• Mikotoksin

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