Echocardiographic Characteristics and Main Pulmonary Artery/Aorta Ratio of Dogs with Tracheabronchitis

Öz

An acute or chronic inflammation of the trachea and bronchial airways, which can spread to the lungs, is called tracheobronchitis. Monitoring basic echocardiographic parameters in dogs with tracheobronchitis may be useful in detecting early cardiac signs of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Pulmonary artery (PA) dilation is one of the cardiac abnormalities associated with pulmonary hypertension. This study aimed to main pulmonary artery diameter and main pulmonary artery (MPA)/aorta (Ao) ratio in dogs with tracheobronchitis. The animal material of the study consisted of 90 dogs with tracheobronchitis aged 1-14 years (mean 7±3 years), mostly small breeds (Terrier, Pomeranian, Russian Poodle, et al.). Two-dimensional, M-mode and pulse wave Doppler techniques were used in echocardiographic examination. The diameters of the MPA and Ao were measured in the right parasternal short axis view and the MPA/Ao ratio was calculated. The mean MPA diameter, Ao diameter and MPA/Ao ratio of dogs with tracheobronchitis were calculated as 1.20±0.31 cm, 1.37±0.36 cm and 0.90±0.16, respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between body weight and pulmonary artery diameter (r=0.754, P<0.001). As a result, the MPA/Ao ratio in dogs with tracheobronchitis included in the study was within the values reported for healthy dogs. Based on basic echocardiographic findings and pulmonary artery measurements, no signs of pulmonary hypertension were detected in dogs with tracheobronchitis. However, it can be argued that due to the progressive nature of PH and its poor prognosis, a more comprehensive echocardiographic evaluation may be useful to identify dogs with the potential to develop PH.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aorta
• Dog
• Echocardiography
• Main pulmonary artery
• Tracheobronchitis

Trakeabronşitli Köpeklerin Ekokardiyografik Özellikleri ve Ana Pulmoner Arter/Aorta Oranı

Öz

Trakeobronşit trakea ve bronşiyal hava yollarının akut veya kronik yangısına denir. Pnömoni, trakeobronşiyal hastalık ve infiltratif pulmoner hastalık gibi birçok solunum yolu hastalığı köpeklerde pulmoner hipertansiyon ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Trakeobronşitli köpeklerde temel ekokardiyografik parametrelerin izlenmesi, pulmoner hipertansiyonun (PH) erken kardiyak belirtilerinin tespit edilmesinde faydalı olabilir. Pulmoner arter (PA) dilatasyonu, pulmoner hipertansiyon ile ilişkili kardiyak anormalliklerden biridir. Bu çalışmada trakeobronşitli köpeklerde ana pulmoner arter çapı ve ana pulmoner arter (MPA)/aort (Ao) oranının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın hayvan materyalini Terrier, Pomeranian, Russian Poodle, Pekingese, Pug gibi çoğunlukla küçük ırklardan oluşan 1-14 yaş arası (ortalama 7±3 yaş) toplam 90 trakeobronşitli köpek oluşturdu. Ekokardiyografik muayanede iki boyutlu (2D), M-mod ve PW Doppler inceleme teknikleri kullanıldı. MPA ve Ao çapları sağ parasternal kısa eksen görünümünde ölçüldü ve MPA/Ao oranı hesaplandı. Trakeobronşitli köpeklerin ortalama MPA çapı, Ao çapı ve MPA/Ao oranı sırasıyla 1.20±0.31 cm, 1.37±0.36 cm ve 0.90±0.16 olarak hesaplandı. Canlı ağırlı ile pulmoner arter çapı arasında güçlü bir pozitif korelasyon vardı (r=0.754, P<0.001). Sonuç olarak, çalışmaya dahil edilen trakeobronşitli köpeklerde MPA/Ao oranı sağlıklı köpekler için bildirilen referans değerler arasındaydı. Temel ekokardiyografik bulgulara ve pulmoner arter ölçümlerine dayanarak, trakeobronşitli köpeklerde pulmoner hipertansiyon belirtisi tespit edilmemiştir. Bununla birlikte, PH'nin progresif yapısı ve kötü prognozu nedeniyle, PH gelişme potansiyeli olan köpekleri belirlemek için daha kapsamlı bir ekokardiyografik değerlendirmenin yararlı olabileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ana pulmoner arter
• Aorta
• Ekokardiyografi
• Köpek
• Trakeobronşitis

Kaynakça

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