Comparison of Ultrasonographic and Laboratory Findings in Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease

Öz

The aim of this study was to compare ultrasonographic and laboratory findings in cases of lower urinary tract disease diagnosed in cats randomly brought to the clinic with urinary tract complaints. The study material consisted of 50 cats of different breeds, age and sex diagnosed with feline lower urinary tract disease. The diagnosis was based on anamnesis, clinical findings, urine and biochemical analyses and ultrasonographic findings. Serum biochemistry and urine analysis results and ultrasonographic examination data were evaluated comparatively. The results of the study emphasise that cases of lower urinary tract disease in cats are most frequently encountered in male individuals and that there are significant differences between breeds. In the study, the most common problems in 50 cats diagnosed with lower urinary tract disease were struvite crystalluria; 30% and idiopathic cystitis; 28%, respectively. The data obtained revealed a significant positive moderate correlation between resistive index and serum phosphorus values and a significant positive moderate correlation between resistive index and blood-urea nitrogen and creatinine. There was also a significant positive moderate correlation between resistive index and urine protein values. The mean serum blood-urea nitrogen, creatinine and phosphorus concentrations measured in cats with lower urinary tract disease were relatively high, although there were individual differences between the cases. However, it is noteworthy that the mean blood urea-nitrogen and creatinine values were within normal limits, although there were individual differences, especially in cases of partial obstruction. One-month follow-up showed that the blood urea-nitrogen, creatinine and phosphorus values measured at the first presentation to the clinic were higher in cats that died than in surviving animals. The data presented in this study also revealed the presence of a positive significant correlation between urinary protein and serum blood urea-nitrogen and phosphorus values. The ultrasonographic renal measurement data evaluated in this master thesis study were recorded within the average normal values, although there were individual differences between the subjects. The mean resistive index value measured was below the upper limit of normal of 0.7. The results emphasise the importance of comparative evaluation of all measurement data in the diagnosis, patient follow-up, prognosis and determination of the correct treatment method in cases of feline lower urinary tract disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Feline
• FLUTD
• Kidney
• Resistive index
• Urinalysis
• USG

Kedi Alt Üriner Sistem Hastalığında Ultrasonografik ve Laboratuvar Bulguların Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Bu çalışmada idrar yolu şikâyeti ile randomize olarak kliniğe getirilen kedilerde teşhis edilen alt üriner sistem hastalığı olgularında ultrasonografik ve laboratuvar bulgularının karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışma materyalini alt üriner sistem hastalığı tanısı alan, farklı ırk, yaş ve cinsiyette 50 kedi oluşturdu. Tanı; anemnez, klinik bulgular, idrar ve biyokimyasal analiz sonuçları ve ultrasonografi bulgularıyla kondu. Serum biyokimya ve idrar analiz sonuçları ve ultrasonografik muayene verileri karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışma sonuçları kedilerde alt üriner sistem hastalığı olgularına en sık erkek bireylerde rastlandığına ve yine ırklar arası belirgin farkların olduğuna vurgu yapmaktadır. Çalışmada alt üriner sistem hastalığı tanısı alan 50 kedide en sık rastlanan promlemler, sırasıyla, strüvit kristalüri; %30 ve idiyopatik sistit; %28 olarak belirlendi. Elde edilen veriler; rezistif indeks ile serum fosfor değeri arasında pozitif orta düzeyde ve rezistif inseks ile kan-üre nitrojen ve kreatinin arasında ise pozitif orta düzeye yakın anlamlı bir ilişki ortaya koydu. Rezistif indeks ve idrar protein değerleri arasında da pozitif orta düzeye yakın anlamlı bir ilişki belirlendi. Alt üriner sistem hastalığı olan kedilerde ölçülen ortalama serum kan-üre nitrojen, kreatinin ve fosfor konsantrasyonlarının, olgular arasında bireysel farklar olmakla birlikte, nispi olarak yüksek olduğu gözlendi. Bununla birlikte; özellikle kısmi obstrüksiyonun gözlendiği vakalarda ortalama kan üre-nitrojen ve kreatinin değerlerinin, bireysel farklar olmakla birlikte, normal sınırlarda belirlenmesi dikkat çekicidir. Bir ay süreli gerçekleştirilen takip sonrası öldüğü belirlenen kedilerde, kliniğe ilk başvuruda ölçülen kan üre-nitrojen, kreatinin ve fosfor değerlerinin, sağkalan hayvanlara göre daha yüksek olduğunu belirlendi. Sunulan araştırma verileri, aynı zamanda, idrar protein ile serum kan üre-nitrojen ve fosfor değerleri arasında pozitif anlamlı bir ilişkinin varlığını da ortaya koydu. Bu yüksek lisans tez çalışmasında değerlendirmeye alınan ultrasonografik renal ölçüm verileri, olgular arasında bireysel farklar olsa da, ortalama normal değerler arasında kaydedildi. Ölçülen ortalama rezistif indeks değeri normal üst sınır olarak belirtilen 0.7’nin altındaydı. Sonuçlar; kedi alt üriner sistem hastalığı olgularında tanıda, hasta takibinde, prognozun tayininde ve doğru tedavi yönteminin tespitinde tüm ölçüm verilerinin karşılaştırmalı değerlendirmesinin önemine vurgu yapmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Böbrek
• FLUTD
• Kedigiller
• Rezistif indeks
• Urinalysis
• USG

Kaynakça

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