Manda ve Sığırlarda Nar, Portakal ve Şeker Pancarı Posası Silajlarının İn Situ Sindirilebilirlik Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 4, 502 - 509, 24.12.2025

Cangir Uyarlar , Ümit Özçınar , İbrahim Sadi Çetingül , Eyup Eren Gultepe , Muhammet Emre Orman , Abdur Rahman , Ali Kumandaş , İsmail Bayram

https://izlik.org/JA23ES72XH

Öz

Bu çalışma, sığır ve mandalarda şeker pancarı posası silajı (ŞPPS), nar posası silajı (NPS) ve portakal posası silajının (PPS) rumen parçalanabilirliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme, sol paralumbar fossa bölgesine rumen kanülü yerleştirilmiş üç İsviçre Esmeri sığır ve üç Anadolu mandası üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Silaj örnekleri kurutulmuş ve besin madde içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Kurutulan örnekler tartılarak naylon torbalara konulmuş, daha sonra bu torbalar kanüller aracılığıyla rumene yerleştirilmiştir. Naylon torbalar 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48 ve 72 saatlik inkübasyon sürelerinin ardından rumenden çıkarılmış, yıkanmış, kurutulmuş, tartılmış ve nötral deterjan fiber (NDF) analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Kuru madde ve NDF parçalanabilirliği, başlangıç ve inkübasyon sonrası örneklerin ağırlık ve besin madde içerikleri arasındaki farklara göre hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, NPS’nin kuru madde parçalanabilirliği bakımından sığır ve manda arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığını göstermiştir (p>0.05). PPS ve ŞPPS nin kuru madde parçalanabilirliği sığırlarda daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.05). NPS ve PPS’ nin NDF parçalanabilirliği iki tür arasında benzer iken (p>0.05), ŞPPS’ nin NDF parçalanabilirliği sığırlarda daha yüksek tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). NPS’nin NDF parçalanabilirliği dışındaki tüm parametrelerde zaman etkisi görülmüştür. Zaman×tür etkileşimi tüm parametreler için önemsiz bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak, NPS’nin parçalanabilirliği açısından türler arasında fark olmamasına rağmen, sığırların PPS ve ŞPPS’yi mandalardan daha etkin bir şekilde parçaladığı belirlenmiştir. Bu durum, parçalanabilirliğin yem özellikleri ve tür farklılıklarından etkilendiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İn-situ , Manda , Posa , Sığır , Yıkımlanabilirlik

Proje Numarası

This work is supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi under the Project number 14.VF.07.

Comparison of in Situ Digestibility Levels of Pomegranate, Orange, and Sugar Beet Pulp Silage in Buffaloes and Cattle

https://izlik.org/JA23ES72XH

Öz

This study evaluated the rumen degradability of sugar beet pulp silage (SBP), pomegranate pulp silage (PPS), and orange pulp silage (OPS) in cattle and buffalo. The experiment involved three Brown Swiss cattle and three Anatolian buffalo, each fitted with rumen cannulas in the left paralumbar fossa. The silage samples were dried, and their nutrient contents determined. The dried samples were weighed into nylon bags, which were then incubated in the rumen through the cannulas. Nylon bags were removed after 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48, and 72 hours of incubation, then washed, dried, weighed, and analyzed for neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Dry matter and NDF degradability were calculated based on the differences between the initial and final sample weights and nutrient contents. Results showed no significant differences in dry matter degradability of PPS between buffalo and cattle (p>0.05). The DM degradability of the OPS and SBP was higher in the cattle (p<0.05). NDF degradability of the PPS and OPS was similar between two species (p>0.05), however, NDF degradability of the SBP was higher in the cattle (p<0.05). For all parameters except for NDF degradability of PPS there were a time effect on the degradability. The time x species interaction was not significant for all parameters (p>0.05). In conclusion, although there was no any difference in the degradability of the PPS, cattle degraded the OPS and PPS more effectively than buffalo. This suggests that the degradability is affected by the characteristics of the feed and the species.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buffalo , Cattle , Degradability , In-situ , Pulp

Etik Beyan

The research was approved by the Ethical Committee of Afyon Kocatepe University Animal Experiments Local Ethical Committee with reference number:49533702/65, dated 08/05/2014.

Proje Numarası

This work is supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi under the Project number 14.VF.07.

Kaynakça

• A.O.A.C. (1990). Official Methods of Analysis. 15th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Washington DC.
• Abd El-Mola, A. A., & Elnesr, S. S. (2023). Influence of sugarcane bagasse on in vitro degradability, rumen characteristics, nutrients digestibility, blood parameters and milk production of lactating buffaloes. Animal biotechnology, 34(8), 3378–3386. https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2022.2149546
• Bampidis, V. A., & Robinson, P. H. (2006). Citrus by-products as ruminant feeds: A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 128(3-4), 175–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.12.002
• Calabro, S., Moniello, G., Piccolo, V., Bovera, F., Infascelli, F., Tudisco, R., & Cutrignelli., M. I. (2008). Rumen fermentation and degradability in buffalo and cattle using the in vitro gas production technique. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 92, 356–362. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00799.x
• Denek, N., & Can, A. (2007). Effect of wheat straw and different additives on silage quality and in vitro dry matter digestibility of wet orange pulp. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 6(2), 217-219.
• Eliyahu, D., Shaani, Y., Yosef, E., Ben-Meir, Y., Nikbachat, M., Solomon, R., & Miron, J. (2015a). Effect of ensiling pomegranate pulp with solid additives on chemical composition, intake and digestibility by sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 131, 93-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.08.010
• Eliyahu, D., Yosef, E., Weinberg, Z. G., Hen, Y., Nikbachat, M., Solomon, R., & Miron, J. (2015b). Composition, preservation and digestibility by sheep of wet by-products from the food industry. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 207, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.005
• Getachew, G., Robinson, P. H., DePeters, E. J., & Taylor, S. J. (2004). Relationships between chemical composition, dry matter degradation and in vitro gas production of several ruminant feeds. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 111(1), 57-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(03)00217-7
• Gultepe, E. E., Uyarlar, C., Cetingul, I.S., Iqbal, A., Ozcinar, U., Bayram, I., & Bradford, B. J. (2020). Comparison of ruminal digestibility of Origanum onites L. leaves in dairy buffalo and cows. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 52, 2063–2071. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02233-6
• Hoffman, P. C., Lundberg, K. M., Bauman, L., & Shaver, R. (2006). NDF digestibility: Reference values for forages, by products and total mixed rations. Focus on Forage, 5, 1-2.
• Ítavo, L. C. V., Kozerski, N. D., Ítavo, C. C. B. F., Dias, A. M., Petit, H. V., Benchaar, C., Voltolini, T. V., Jobim, C. C., & Dos Santos, G. T. (2020). Orange juice industry by-product silage can increase fat and protein in Holstein cow's milk. Journal of Dairy Research, 87(4), 400–405. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029920001028
• Jami, E., Shabtay, A., Nikbachat, M., Yosef, E., Miron, J., & Mizrahi, I. (2012). Effects of adding a concentrated pomegranate-residue extract to the ration of lactating cows on in vivo digestibility and profile of rumen bacterial population. Journal of dairy science, 95(10), 5996–6005. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-5537
• JMP (2003). Version 5.0.1.2, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
• Khosravi, F., Nasri, M. F., Farhangfar, H., & Modaresi, J. (2015). Nutritive value and polyphenol content of pomegranate seed pulp ensiled with different tannin-inactivating agents. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 207, 262-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.06.004
• Kotsampasi, Β., Christodoulou, C., Tsiplakou, E., Mavrommatis, A., Mitsiopoulou, C., Karaiskou, C., & Zervas, G. (2017). Effects of dietary pomegranate pulp silage supplementation on milk yield and composition, milk fatty acid profile and blood plasma antioxidant status of lactating dairy cows. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 234, 228-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.08.017
• Lalramhlimi, B., Mukherjee, D., Chakraborty, I., Ghosh, N., Chattopadhyay, A., & Dey, R.C. (2022). Fruit and Vegetable Wastes as Livestock Feeds. In: Ray, R.C. (eds) Fruits and Vegetable Wastes. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9527-8_6
• Mirzaei-Aghsaghali, A., Maheri-Sis, N., Mansouri, H., Razeghi, M. E., Mirza-Aghazadeh, A., Cheraghi, H., & Aghajanzadeh-Golshani, A. (2011). Evaluating potential nutritive value of pomegranate processing by-products for ruminants using in vitro gas production technique. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 6(6), 45-51.
• Mohsen, M. K., Ali, M. F., Gaafar, H. M., Al-Sakka, T. S., Aboelenin, S. M., Soliman, M. M., & Dawood, M. A. O. (2021). Impact of Dry Sugar Beet Pulp on Milk Production, Digestibility Traits, and Blood Constituents of Dairy Holstein Cows. Animals, 11(12), 3496. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123496
• Moran, J. B., Norton, B. W., & Nolan, J. V. (1979). The intake, digestibility and utilisation of a low quality roughage by brahman cross, buffalo, banteng and short-horn steers. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 30(2), 333-340. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9790333
• Nemati, M., Hashemzadeh, F., Ghorbani, G. R., Ghasemi, E., Khorvash, M., Ghaffari, M. H., & Nasrollahi, S. M. (2020). Effects of substitution of beet pulp for barley or corn in the diet of high-producing dairy cows on feeding behavior, performance, and ruminal fermentation. Journal of Dairy Science, 103(10), 8829-8840. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-18308
• NRC (National Research Council). (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
• Paul, S. S., Mandal, A. B., Kannan, A., Mandal, G. P., & Pathak, N. N. (2003). Comparative dry matter intake and nutrient utilisation efficiency in lactating cattle and buffaloes. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 83(4), 258-267. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1305
• Paya, H., Taghizadeh, A., & Lashkari, S. (2015). Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and hydrolytic enzymes on fermentation and ruminal degradability of orange pulp silage. Journal of BioScienceandBiotechnology, 1(4), 349-357.
• Sandström, V., Chrysafi, A., Lamminen, M., Troell, M., Jalava, M., Piipponen, J., Siebert, S., van Hal, O., Virkki, V., & Kummu, M. (2022). Food system by-products upcycled in livestock and aquaculture feeds can increase global food supply. Nature food, 3(9), 729–740. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-022-00589-6
• Van Soest, P. V., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of dairy science, 74(10), 3583-3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
• Wang, Q., Gao, X., Yang, Y., Zou, C., Yang, Y., & Lin, B. (2020). A comparative study on rumen ecology of water buffalo and cattle calves under similar feeding regime. Veterinary medicine and science, 6(4), 746–754. https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.302
• Wattanachantra, C., Wanapat, M., Sarangbin, S., & Chanthai, C. (1989). A Comparative study of rumen cellulolytic bacteria of swamp buffalo and cattle. Proc. Int. Conf and the Application of Biotechnology to Livestock in Developing Countries. University of Edinburgh, Center for Trop. Vet. Med.